2026年3月2日 / 美国东部时间下午6:14 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
本周，初选季正式拉开帷幕，党派成员将在11月中期选举前帮助确定政党的发展方向和核心议题。那么，这些党派成员究竟希望政党提供什么呢？
很大一部分诉求都围绕着政党对一位并未出现在选票上的人物——特朗普总统——的态度展开。
普通民主党人在两件事上大致意见分歧：一方面希望政党阐述自身的政策主张，另一方面，更多人则更希望政党主要聚焦于如何阻止唐纳德·特朗普。
对于共和党人而言，绝大多数人认为，拥有支持特朗普的共和党候选人至关重要——至少在一定程度上支持，即便不是非常支持。这一点对“让美国再次伟大”（MAGA）共和党人尤为重要。
那些自称为自由派的民主党人，更倾向于希望政党谈论如何阻止特朗普。
而共和党人则远没有那么关心如何击败民主党人，这或许是因为他们的政党目前已执政。
初选有时对选民而言是一种集体权衡，既要考虑党派成员对候选人的期望，又要兼顾预测更广泛选民群体对候选人的偏好的战略考量。
在所有选民中，希望民主党候选人是自由派或进步派的支持者，与希望其为温和派的支持者几乎势均力敌。在民主党内部，选民对进步派候选人的倾向略高于温和派。这一切都凸显了党内必然会就此展开讨论的动态。
在考虑2026年共和党国会候选人的选民中，倾向于支持与特朗普立场一致的候选人的比例，远高于支持相对独立于特朗普的共和党候选人的比例。
总体而言，当被问及明年哪个政党更适合控制国会时，目前更多选民表示希望民主党掌控国会。
关于移民政策
在对移民政策的正确处理方式上，共和党人和特朗普总统的表现仍略优于民主党人，但自1月份以来，民主党人的差距有所缩小。此外，另一项独立民调显示，美国人认为移民与海关执法局（ICE）手段过于强硬，且对驱逐计划的支持率自2025年初以来有所下降。
不过，在民众眼中，两党代表的利益群体存在差异。
有三分之一的美国人认为民主党将新移民的利益置于美国公民之上。认为民主党优先考虑美国公民利益而非新移民的人相对较少，但仍有三分之一的人认为民主党会兼顾两者。
这种对民主党的看法并非全新现象。2022年中期选举前，选民也表达过类似的情绪。
与此同时，大多数美国人认为共和党将美国公民的利益置于新移民之上。
关于经济政策
在经济政策的认知方面，民主党与共和党之间的差距较1月份有所缩小。这一变化发生的同时，美国人对经济的整体负面情绪持续存在。
从优先事项和关注点来看：尽管近年来大多数美国人一直将经济视为优先事项，但如今部分人认为民主党将文化和社会议题置于经济议题之上。不过，这种看法通常来自对立政党——主要是共和党人认为民主党更关注文化问题，而民主党人则认为他们同时兼顾两者。
即便如此，大多数人都不认为任何一方会将中产阶级利益置于富人之上，且在这一具体问题上，认为共和党偏袒富人的比例要高得多。
（原文结尾部分未完整显示，翻译到此为止）
CBS News poll on what partisans want from their parties ahead of 2026 primary season
March 2, 2026 / 6:14 PM EST / CBS News
The primary season begins in earnest this week, as partisans help set the parties’ directions and message ahead of the November midterm elections. So what do those partisans want?
Much of that revolves around their parties’ approach to someone not actually on the ballot: President Trump.
Rank-and-file Democrats are roughly split between wanting their party to talk about its own policy ideas – and, even more, talking mainly about how to stop Donald Trump.
Republicans, for their part, largely say it’s important to have GOP candidates who are supportive of Mr. Trump — at least somewhat, if not very supportive. This is especially important to MAGA Republicans.
Those Democrats who call themselves liberal are even more likely to want the party to talk about stopping Mr. Trump.
The Republicans, for their part, are not nearly as concerned about stopping Democrats, perhaps because their party is already in power.
Primaries can sometimes be a collective balancing act for voters, between what partisans want in a candidate and the strategic approach of anticipating what the wider electorate might want in a candidate.
Across all voters, it’s a fairly even split in appeal between voters who’d want a Democrat who’s thought of as liberal or progressive and one thought of as moderate. Within the Democrats’ own rank and file, there’s a slight tilt toward a progressive candidate over a moderate. All that illustrates a dynamic that’s sure to be a point of discussion within the party.
Among those voters considering Republicans for Congress in 2026, the break is more heavily tilted toward a candidate considered in line with Mr. Trump than for a Republican considered more independent from him.
In all, asked which party they’d prefer to see control Congress next year, more voters right now say they’d prefer to see the Democrats do so than the Republicans.
On immigration
Republicans and Mr. Trump still do slightly better than Democrats on perceptions of who has the right approach to immigration policy, but Democrats have narrowed the gap since January. This comes as, in separate polling, Americans have expressed views that ICE is being too tough, and support for the deportation program has dropped since earlier in 2025.
But there are differences in who Americans think the parties are for.
There’s a third of the country who think the Democratic Party puts the interests of recent immigrants ahead of those of U.S. citizens. Relatively few think it prioritizes the interests of citizens over recent immigrants, though a third think it prioritizes both.
This view is not brand new toward the Democratic Party. Ahead of the 2022 midterms, voters also voiced similar sentiments.
Meanwhile, most Americans think the GOP puts the interests of U.S. citizens ahead of those of recent immigrants.
On economics
On perceptions of economic policy, Democrats have drawn closer to Republicans, compared to January. That comes along with Americans’ continued negativity about the economy.
In terms of priorities and what they’re seen talking about: while most Americans over the course of recent years have called the economy a priority, today some think the Democrats are prioritizing cultural and social issues more than economic ones. That said, that view often comes from the opposing party. It’s mostly Republicans who think the Democrats focus on cultural issues. Democrats themselves feel they cover both.
Even so, neither party is seen by most as putting the interests of the middle class ahead of the wealthy, and on this matter specifically, far more think the GOP favors the wealthy.
Given a choice between describing the parties’ positions as generally
（亚历克斯·黄/盖蒂图片社）