发布时间：2026年1月20日，美国东部时间晚上7:22 / 更新时间：2026年1月21日，美国东部时间早上7:39 / 来源：美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
作者：亚当·坎克林（Adam Cancryn）、凯文·利普塔克（Kevin Liptak）
瑞士达沃斯报道——
在对美国盟友就格陵兰岛问题发出数日威胁后，总统唐纳德·特朗普在达沃斯将面临一场紧急的外交干预。
三位知情人士向CNN透露，欧洲高级官员正计划利用本周全球精英的年度峰会作为舞台，以避免一场迅速升温的危机——这场危机已让欧洲大陆陷入紧张，甚至可能威胁到其与美国长达七十年的联盟的存续。
盟友们的这一行动也源于特朗普阵营内部一些人对总统言辞的私下疑虑，他们寻求缓和局势的途径。
短期内，欧洲人的紧急行动旨在在特朗普誓言对任何反对其“完全掌控格陵兰岛”的盟友征收新关税后，缓和紧张局势。但同时也是为了将总统的注意力从对丹麦领土的企图上转移开。
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2026年1月17日，人们在努克的美国领事馆前抗议特朗普的格陵兰政策。
- 尤金尼耶·马洛莱卡（Evgeniy Maloletka）/美联社
特朗普的顾问和西方外交官们关注的途径包括扩大现有条约，允许美国在该岛建立军事基地和其他资源设施，以及补充商业和经济协议。据知情人士透露，这样的结果将包括某种形式的签署仪式，让总统展示一项成就。
另一个讨论中的选项是将格陵兰岛纳入《自由联合条约》，这将使其在维持当前地位的同时，为美国提供扩大的安全准入，以换取经济援助。帕劳、马绍尔群岛和密克罗尼西亚联邦都与美国签订了此类协议。
这些人士还表示，早期讨论中还涉及重新谈判1951年美国、丹麦和格陵兰岛之间的协议，明确规定格陵兰岛不会有中国投资。
尽管丹麦几乎没有放弃其领土的意愿，但一些特朗普政府高级官员在过去几周一直在研究一项购买该岛的提案。
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2026年1月20日，特朗普总统在白宫新闻发布会上回答记者提问时指向镜头。
- 内森·霍华德（Nathan Howard）/路透社
特朗普将于周三早些时候抵达达沃斯，他周二离开前告诉记者，他将在那里举行一系列关于格陵兰岛的会议，并预测他会达成一项“对所有人都非常有利”的协议。他声称北约将会“非常高兴”，并且抗议美国吞并威胁的格陵兰岛居民将会“欣喜若狂”。
北约秘书长马克·吕特（Mark Rutte）与特朗普建立了密切关系，据知情人士透露，他有望在峰会期间与总统进行一对一会面。
然而，尽管特朗普做出乐观预测，他仍继续坚持其分裂性要求，周二再次坚称“我们需要格陵兰岛”。当被问及为获得对这个北极岛屿的控制权愿意走多远时，特朗普只说：“你会发现的”，随后暗示如果美国最高法院驳回他使用关税的决定，他可能会考虑其他选择。
白宫发言人安娜·凯利（Anna Kelly）在一份声明中称美国获得格陵兰岛可能对北约有利，认为“如果格陵兰岛在美国手中，北约将变得更加强大和有效，格陵兰岛居民也将在北极地区的现代威胁中得到更好的保护。”
欧洲盟友寻求反击之道
然而，在美国最亲密的欧洲盟友中，对于如何在总统加剧侵略行为时进行反击，目前仍没有明确共识。
全球风险评估公司欧亚集团（Eurasia Group）总裁伊恩·布雷默（Ian Bremmer）表示：“他们必须做出回应。他们有很多事情可以做，但必须愿意采取足够数量和力度的行动，以产生实际影响。”
这场将在未来48小时内上演的对峙，突显了欧洲国家现在如何严肃看待特朗普在持续攻击全球多位领导人期间发出的“帝国式威胁”。
在过去一年中，大多数美国盟友寻求安抚特朗普而非抵抗他——理由是在许多情况下，屈从于他的命令比冒着直接冲突的风险更值得。而格陵兰岛问题的紧张局势迫使欧洲一些人的策略发生了转变。
特朗普长期以来一直认为格陵兰岛对美国国家安全至关重要，其巨大的矿产资源也极具价值。但在过去一周，随着他誓言对八个欧洲国家征收关税，并随后公开抨击挪威和法国领导人，这一企图达到了新的高度。
总统的经济惩罚盟友的企图在欧洲引起了恐慌，官员们警告称，此举可能会分裂包括欧洲和北美32个成员国的长期北约联盟。
法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙（Emmanuel Macron）在达沃斯的一次演讲中谴责“无休止的新关税积累——这是根本不可接受的，尤其是当它们被用作威胁领土主权的工具时”。
与此同时，欧盟委员会主席乌尔苏拉·冯德莱恩（Ursula von der Leyen）在世界经济论坛上发表讲话，呼吁建立“一种新形式的欧洲独立性”。
大西洋理事会欧洲中心非驻会高级研究员埃里克·布拉特伯格（Erik Brattberg）表示：“威胁实施经济制裁意味着问题已经从抽象的议题和外交危机升级为真正的经济和政治危机。他们仍然希望避免进一步升级，但也感到有必要表明立场，明确反对。”
在欧洲外交圈内部，官员们已经考虑了一系列可能的回应措施，其中包括实施930亿欧元（约合1090亿美元）的报复性关税。据知情人士透露，欧盟在去年与美国达成贸易协议后已推迟了这一计划。
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2026年1月15日，丹麦皇家海军的HDMS Knud Rasmussen号军舰在努克附近巡逻。
- 尤金尼耶·马洛莱卡（Evgeniy Maloletka）/美联社
然而，除了这一初步步骤外，对于如果特朗普持续推进对格陵兰岛的企图，如何最好地威慑他，目前仍缺乏明确的共识。这些国家可能会通过加大抛售美国国债、对美国公司施加额外限制来寻求经济报复。他们甚至可能限制美国进入欧洲军事基地，或者退出特朗普经常引以为傲的即将举办的世界杯。
欧盟还制定了另一套专门用于惩罚其认定试图胁迫欧盟的国家的严厉经济措施。但使用这一被称为“反胁迫工具”（Anti-Coercion Instrument）的措施需要多步骤审批流程，并且被广泛视为最后手段。
相反，欧洲官员们大多希望特朗普能在事态发展到这一步之前采取缓和措施。
在特朗普身边的一些人认为，他只是在虚张声势——看看能在多大程度上满足自己的要求，并且并没有军事干预的意愿。但这仍然引发了担忧，即特朗普的激进努力可能会不可挽回地损害关键关系。
尽管大西洋两岸的官员都在推进外交途径，但考虑到特朗普宣称对格陵兰岛的完全所有权现在具有“心理”重要性——以及他越来越渴望的胜利，这仍然是一个微妙的问题。
布雷默总结了欧洲官员在准备迎接特朗普抵达达沃斯时的心情：“这是一种恐惧。没有人知道他会说什么——也许包括他自己。”
美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）的克里斯汀·霍尔姆斯（Kristen Holmes）和凯莉·阿特伍德（Kylie Atwood）对此报道亦有贡献。
更正：本报道已更正以反映“反胁迫工具”需要多步骤审批流程。此前版本错误地称其需要一致同意。
Trump set to face a diplomatic intervention on Greenland in Davos
Published Jan 20, 2026, 7:22 PM ET / Updated Jan 21, 2026, 7:39 AM ET / Source: CNN
By Adam Cancryn, Kevin Liptak
Davos, Switzerland—
An urgent diplomatic intervention is awaiting President Donald Trump in Davos after days spent hurling threats at US allies over Greenland.
Top European officials are planning to use this week’s annual summit of global elites as their staging ground for averting a fast-blooming crisis that has put the continent on edge — and may now threaten the survival of its seven-decade alliance with the United States, three people familiar with the discussions told CNN.
That push from allies comes as even some in Trump’s orbit have expressed private misgivings over the president’s rhetoric and have sought an off-ramp.
In the near term, the Europeans’ emergency effort aims to de-escalate tensions following Trump’s vow to slap new tariffs on any ally that opposes his push for “complete and total control” of Greenland. But it’s also about trying to divert the president generally from his campaign for the Danish territory.
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People protest Trump’s Greenland policy in front of the US Consulate in Nuuk on January 17, 2026.
Evgeniy Maloletka/AP
Among the paths that Trump advisers and Western diplomats have focused on are expanding existing treaties that allow the US to place military bases and other resources on the island, along with adding commercial and economic agreements. Such an outcome would include some type of signing ceremony that would allow the president to showcase an accomplishment, according to people familiar with the matter.
Another option that has been discussed is placing Greenland under a Compact of Free Association, which would allow it to maintain its current status while still providing the US expanded security access in exchange for financial assistance. Palau, the Marshall Islands and Federated States of Micronesia fall under such an agreement with the US.
There have also been early discussions about suggesting the renegotiation of the 1951 agreement between the US, Denmark and Greenland to clearly state there would be no Chinese investments in Greenland, these people said.
And while Denmark has shown little inclination to giving up its territory, some senior Trump administration officials have worked over the past several weeks on a proposal to purchase the island, these people said.
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President Donald Trump points as reporters ask questions during a press briefing at the White House on January 20, 2026.
Nathan Howard/Reuters
Trump — who arrives in Davos early Wednesday — told reporters before leaving Tuesday that he’ll hold a series of meetings on Greenland while there, predicting he’d strike a deal that’s “very good for everybody.” He claimed NATO would be “very happy” and that Greenlanders, who’ve protested threats of American annexation, will be “thrilled.”
NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte, who has worked to establish a close relationship with Trump, is among those expected to meet with the president one-on-one on the sidelines of the summit, sources familiar with the plans said.
Yet despite Trump’s sunny projections, he has continued to double down on his divisive demands, insisting again Tuesday that “we need” Greenland. Asked how far he was willing to go to gain control of the Arctic island, Trump said only: “You’ll find out,” before suggesting he could look at alternative options if the US Supreme Court rules against his use of tariffs.
In a statement, White House spokesperson Anna Kelly cast the US’ acquisition of Greenland as a potential boon for NATO, arguing it “becomes far more formidable and effective with Greenland in the hands of the United States, and Greenlanders would be better served if protected by the United States from modern threats in the Arctic region.”
European allies search for ways to push back
But among the US’ closest European allies, there’s still no clear consensus for how to push back should the president intensify his aggression.
“They have to respond,” said Ian Bremmer, the president of global risk assessment firm Eurasia Group. “And there’s lots of things they can do, but they have to be willing to do them with sufficient numbers and force that it makes the difference.”
The standoff set to play out over the next 48 hours underscores the seriousness with which European nations are now viewing Trump’s imperial threats amid his sustained attacks on various global leaders.
Tensions over Greenland have also forced a shift in calculation among some in Europe following a year in which most US allies sought to appease Trump rather than resist him — reasoning that in many cases it was worth acceding to his commands rather than risking direct conflict.
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Workers drill at an exploration site close to the Qeqertarsuatsiaat fjord in Greenland, on September 11, 2021.
Hannibal Hanschke/Reuters
Trump has long argued Greenland is critical for US national security and valuable for its vast mineral reserves. But that push hit a new level over the last week with his vow to hit eight European countries with tariffs and his subsequent public missives against the leaders of Norway and France.
The president’s bid to penalize allies economically has prompted alarm across Europe, with officials warning that such a move could fracture the long-standing NATO alliance that encompasses 32 member states across Europe and North America.
During a speech in Davos, French President Emmanuel Macron decried the “endless accumulation of new tariffs that are fundamentally unacceptable — even more so when they are used as leverage against territorial sovereignty.”
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen used her address at the World Economic Forum, meanwhile, to call for building “a new form of European independence.”
“Threatening to impose economic sanctions means it has moved beyond an abstract issue and a diplomatic crisis into a real economic and political crisis,” said Erik Brattberg, a nonresident senior fellow at the Atlantic Council’s Europe Center. “There’s still a desire to avoid further escalation, but they also feel the need to take a stand and put their foot down.”
Within European diplomatic circles, officials have weighed a range of possible responses, beginning with the imposition of €93 billion ($109 billion) of retaliatory tariffs that the European Union postponed after reaching a trade deal with the US last year, the people familiar with the discussions said.
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Military vessel HDMS Knud Rasmussen of the Royal Danish Navy patrols near Nuuk, Greenland, on January 15, 2026.
Evgeniy Maloletka/AP
Yet beyond that initial step, there is far less certainty over how best to deter Trump if he mounts a sustained campaign for Greenland. The nations could seek financial payback by stepping up sales of US treasuries or put additional restrictions on US companies. They could even limit American access to European military bases or pull out of the upcoming World Cup that Trump has frequently touted as a point of personal pride, the people familiar said.
The EU also possesses another set of harsh economic measures designed specifically to punish countries that it determines are trying to coerce the bloc. But wielding that tool — called the Anti-Coercion Instrument — would require a multi-step approval process and is widely seen as a tactic of last resort.
European officials instead are largely hoping Trump will take an off-ramp before it gets to that point.
Among some people around Trump, there’s a belief that he’s posturing — seeing how far he can go to get what he wants — and that there’s no appetite for military intervention. But that’s still sparked concern that Trump’s aggressive efforts could irreparably harm critical relationships.
And even as officials on both sides of the Atlantic push ahead on diplomatic routes, it remains a delicate matter given Trump’s declaration that outright ownership of Greenland is now of “psychological” importance — and a victory he increasingly craves.
“It’s trepidation,” Bremmer said, summing up the mood among European officials girding themselves for Trump’s arrival in Davos. “Nobody knows what he’s going to say — including, maybe, him.”
CNN’s Kristen Holmes and Kylie Atwood contributed to this report.
Correction:This story has been corrected to reflect that the Anti-Coercion Instrument would require a multi-step process. An earlier version of the article incorrectly said it needed unanimous support.