2026-04-03T13:07:47.432Z / 路透社
作者：博·埃里克森、瑞安·帕特里克·琼斯
2026年4月3日 美国东部时间下午1:07 更新于26分钟前
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2025年5月23日，美国华盛顿白宫，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普签署行政令期间，美国国防部长皮特·赫格斯瑟和内政部长道格·伯古姆在旁见证。路透社/肯特·西村 档案照片 购买授权，打开新标签页
- 内容摘要
- 5000亿美元国防增支提案涵盖“金穹顶”反导系统、舰船建造
- 提案包含为军人加薪的潜在方案
- 削减可自由支配能源项目及“觉醒”式计划
华盛顿4月3日路透电——美国总统唐纳德·特朗普于周五提出2027财年非国防可自由支配开支削减10%、国防开支大幅增加5000亿美元的预算申请，时值美国持续对伊朗作战之际。
这份2027财年预算申请提出之际，总统正面临海外风险重重的局势：政府已向中东部署美军，而国内民众正受冲突推高的汽油价格带来的经济紧缩影响。
路透社伊朗局势简报新闻简报将为您带来伊朗战争的最新动态与分析。点击此处订阅。
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该预算申请最终需经美国国会批准，此前特朗普的开支决策引发分歧，曾导致美国历史上最长时间的政府停摆。
这份总统预算案同时也反映了本届政府在11月2026年中期选举前的政治优先事项，特朗普所在的共和党希望借此保住其在参议院和众议院的微弱多数席位。
拟议的国防开支大幅飙升至1.5万亿美元，较2026年的约1万亿美元增加，其中包含为军人加薪5%至7%的方案，而当前已有数千名美军处于部署状态。
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这份国防开支申请将令国会山的国防鹰派感到满意，但也凸显出特朗普正设法为其加大军事投入筹措资金——即便共和党去年已通过党派立法大幅增加了国防开支。
五角大楼此前已申请额外2000亿美元资金用于伊朗战争，但白宫尚未正式向国会提交该申请，预计该申请将面临两党议员的审查。
特朗普提出的其他具体增支项目包括其备受争议的“金穹顶”导弹防御系统、为国防工业扩充关键矿产供应所需资金，以及658亿美元用于建造34艘新作战及支援舰艇。
造船资金是特朗普自首届任期以来的优先事项，其中包含为所谓“特朗普级”战列舰以及潜艇提供的首批启动资金。
在周五公布的核心文件中，2027财年预算申请并未涉及所谓强制性联邦开支中成本最高的部分——面向老年人的社会保障退休计划和医疗保险支出，外界认为对这类项目进行削减在政治上极具风险。
目前也不清楚新增开支将如何影响美国预算赤字，因为白宫并未纳入相关预测数据。
根据国会预算办公室的数据，2026财年赤字预计将小幅增至1.853万亿美元。
中期选举年的政治造势
国会山议员通常将白宫的预算申请视为指导性意见，拨款委员会议员会私下进行谈判，以维护各自的立法优先事项。但特朗普最新的预算案可能会加剧与国会民主党人之间的紧张关系，民主党人将联邦项目视为重要议题并计划发起保护运动，而特朗普则寻求削减这些项目经费。
白宫在一份预算情况说明书中表示：“节省资金的途径包括削减或取消‘觉醒’式、武器化以及浪费性项目，将州和地方的职责归还各自政府。”
部分拟议削减项目紧随特朗普政府打击“绿色能源”开支的行动，同时还将取消近30项被其认定为“重复”或“针对美国民众武器化”的司法部项目，以及其他举措，例如削减3.15亿美元的国家民主捐赠基金。
与此同时，2027财年预算申请要求将司法部经费增加13%，以“最大化”其“将暴力罪犯绳之以法的能力”，同时将国土安全和移民执法经费维持在22亿美元的高位。政府表示，这笔资金将用于美国移民和海关执法局的行动、4.15万个拘留床位以及3万个“家庭单元床位”。
特朗普政府的预算案还包含4.81亿美元用于增雇空中交通管制员，以充实全国机场塔台的人员编制，此前人们对人员不足和航空安全的担忧日益加剧。
特朗普的个人优先项目也获得了资金支持，例如在国家公园管理局内设立“总统资本管理计划”的10亿美元强制性基金，用于“协调、规划并实施华盛顿特区及其周边地区有针对性的重点建设和美化项目”。
博·埃里克森报道；米歇尔·尼科尔斯与安德里亚·里奇编辑
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Trump’s budget proposes massive defense spending with 10% cut to other federal programs
2026-04-03T13:07:47.432Z / Reuters
By Bo Erickson and Ryan Patrick Jones
April 3, 2026 1:07 PM UTC Updated 26 mins ago
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U.S. President Donald Trump speaks in the Oval Office, as U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth and Secretary of the Interior Doug Burgum look on, on the day he signs an executive order, at the White House in Washington, D.C., U.S., May 23, 2025. REUTERS/Kent Nishimura/File Photo Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
- $500 billion increased defense proposal includes Golden Dome, ships
- Request includes potential pay raise for troops
- Cuts discretionary energy and “woke” programs
WASHINGTON, April 3 (Reuters) – U.S. President Donald Trump on Friday requested a 10% cut in non-defense discretionary spending for the 2027 fiscal year and a massive $500 billion increase in defense spending, as the United States continues its war against Iran.
The 2027 budget request comes as the president faces risky choices abroad, with the administration sending U.S. servicemembers to the Middle East, and a public at home feeling the economic crunch of skyrocketing gas prices due to the conflict.
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The request ultimately requires approval by the U.S. Congress, where disagreement over Trump’s spending decisions recently led to the longest government shutdown in U.S. history.
The president’s budget also reflects the administration’s political priorities ahead of the 2026 midterm elections in November, when Trump’s Republicans hope to maintain their small majorities in both the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives.
The huge proposed surge in defense spending to $1.5 trillion, up from about $1 trillion in 2026, includes a 5-7% pay raise for military personnel at a time when thousands of servicemembers are actively deployed.
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The defense request will please defense hawks on Capitol Hill, but also highlights how Trump is trying to pay for his doubling-down on military pursuits, even after Republicans boosted defense spending last year in party-line legislation.
The Pentagon already requested $200 billion in extra funding to pay for the Iran war, but the White House has not yet officially made that request to Congress, where it is also likely to face scrutiny from lawmakers in both parties.
Other specific funding increases proposed by Trump include his controversial Golden Dome missile defense shield, money to build up critical mineral supplies for the defense industry and $65.8 billion to build 34 new combat and support ships.
Funds for shipbuilding, a priority for Trump since his first term, include initial funding for the so-called Trump-class battleship as well as submarines.
Among the top-line documents released on Friday, the 2027 budget request did not grapple with the most expensive part of so-called mandatory federal spending – Social Security retirement and Medicare health spending for senior citizens – where potential cuts are seen as politically perilous.
It is also unclear how this new spending would impact the U.S. budget deficit because the projections were not included by the White House.
The deficit is expected to grow slightly in fiscal 2026 to $1.853 trillion, according to the Congressional Budget Office.
MESSAGING IN A MIDTERM YEAR
Lawmakers on Capitol Hill often treat White House budget requests as suggestive, as appropriators try to negotiate behind the scenes to maintain their own legislative priorities. But Trump’s latest budget will likely add to the ongoing tension with congressional Democrats over funding federal programs that they see as important – and plan to campaign to protect – as the president seeks to cut federal programs.
“Savings are achieved by reducing or eliminating woke, weaponized, and wasteful programs, and by returning state and local responsibilities to their respective governments,” the White House said in a budget fact sheet.
Some proposed cuts follow the Trump administration’s pursuit against “green energy” spending, as well as eliminating nearly 30 Justice Department programs that they deem “duplicative” or “weaponized” against the American people, along with other initiatives, like cutting the $315 million National Endowment for Democracy.
At the same time, the fiscal year 2027 budget requests a 13% increase to “maximize” the Justice Department’s “capacity to bring violent criminals to justice,” as well as maintaining high spending for homeland security and immigration enforcement at $2.2 billion, which the administration said will pay for U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement operations, 41,500 detention beds, and 30,000 “family unit beds.”
The Trump budget also includes $481 million to increase hiring of air traffic controllers to bulk up staffing in airport towers across the country amid rising concerns about understaffing and air safety.
Pet projects for Trump are also funded, like a $10 billion mandatory fund to establish the “Presidential Capital Stewardship Program” within the National Park Service “to coordinate, plan, and execute targeted, priority construction and beautification projects in and around Washington, D.C.”
Reporting by Bo Erickson; Editing by Michelle Nichols and Andrea Ricci
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