2026年3月26日 / 美国东部时间上午10:13 / CBS新闻
在互联网的某些角落，肽类似乎能解决几乎所有问题。
一些热门视频声称它们可以修复DNA、缓解神经疼痛并加速伤口愈合。还有一些则承诺能让头发发亮、降低压力水平。只要你滚动屏幕足够久，就会发现肽类几乎被吹捧为万能药。肽类”组合”提供定制化搭配。据称，使用肽类进行”生物黑客”操作可以提升现有身体机能。在Instagram上搜索”肽类”，会弹出大量”肽类转变”视频和戏剧性的前后对比视觉效果。
但实际上，这些类型的宣称并没有可靠数据支持，而且配方也不能保证安全。
以下是关于肽类、其安全性以及这些病毒式健康宣称来源的相关信息。
什么是肽类？
哥伦比亚广播公司新闻网首席医疗记者乔恩·拉普克博士在《CBS早间新闻》中解释道，肽类是由氨基酸通过化学键连接而成的短链。氨基酸是蛋白质的基本组成部分，它们参与从分解食物到制造大脑化学物质的各种过程。拉普克博士表示，肽类可以在细胞层面影响身体功能。
人体自然会产生一些肽类，而且美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）已批准超过80种肽类用于医疗。已批准的肽类可在胰岛素、护肤品和GLP-1类药物（如Ozempic和Wegovy）中找到。
但这些并非网络上所提及的全部肽类。那些被宣称能治愈损伤、延缓衰老等的肽类并未获得FDA批准，其宣称缺乏如临床数据或人体试验等广泛认可的科学证据支持。
哈佛大学陈曾熙公共卫生学院卫生政策与管理副教授王（Monica Wang）博士表示，这种”无所不能”的营销框架”通常是一个危险信号”。
“在很多情况下，这些产品或补充剂并未获得FDA批准，”王博士说，”它们没有经过严格的临床试验测试。将特定产品与非常确定的消费者宣称联系起来，这是一个危险信号。”
拉普克博士称：”有一些针对老鼠和小鼠的动物研究数据表明肽类可能影响细胞功能并产生显著效果，但目前尚无金标准的、可重复的人体随机对照试验证明其实际有效。”
这些未受监管的肽类不通过处方销售，而是通过在线订购，然后由用户自行混合并注射。
数十个网站列出了肽类产品，但很少有看起来可靠的，这些网站往往宣称大胆、使用通用网址且联系信息有限或缺失。许多网站将肽类描述为”仅供研究使用”。大多数网站要求用户登录后才能浏览或查看肽类产品详情。拉普克博士警告称，对于这类不受监管的物质，很难确切知道自己购买的是什么。
“市场上存在一个灰色地带，就像’狂野西部’一样，”他说。
为什么肽类如此受欢迎？
根据The Peptide Effect对谷歌搜索数据的分析，2026年1月美国与肽类相关的搜索量达到1010万次。其中约60%的搜索是针对GLP-1类药物（常用于减肥），但还有数百万次搜索是关于性能提升、抗衰老和治疗性肽类的。与抗衰老、心脏健康和代谢调节相关的所谓”长寿肽”搜索量同比增长近300%。
TikTok上与肽类相关的标签已被使用超过27万次，其中一些视频获得了数十万甚至数百万次的观看量。在Instagram上，该标签的使用次数超过65.4万次。
王博士表示，人们对简单解决实际问题的渴望推动了对肽类和其他病毒式健康趋势的兴趣。再加上电子商务和社交媒体算法的作用，使得人们看到大量关于未经证实治疗方法的内容。
“人们试图解决的健康问题是真实存在的，而且通常非常复杂，但市场上推销的解决方案往往过于简单化，”王博士说，”当你看到一种新的流行疗法时，更多考虑的是’什么样的产品可以被营销，人们会购买，并且被描述为简单、快速且能带来控制感？’这更多地涉及消费经济而非医疗保健经济。”
美国卫生与公众服务部部长小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪（Robert F. Kennedy Jr.）也表达了对肽类的支持。上个月在《乔·罗根体验》播客中，肯尼迪表示他是这些物质的”忠实粉丝”，并且自己也使用过它们，”对几处伤病确实有很好的效果”。他称希望能让十几款目前合规药房不被允许销售的肽类”更容易获取”，但未提供具体细节。
拉普克博士表示，肯尼迪的计划”引发了一个问题：如果FDA让这些物质更容易获取，那么必须进行哪些安全和有效性研究？”
What to know about the “wild, wild West” of viral peptide health claims
March 26, 2026 / 10:13 AM EDT / CBS News
In certain corners of the internet, peptides can fix just about anything.
Some popular videos claim they can help repair DNA, offer nerve relief and accelerate wound healing. Others promise shiny hair and lower stress levels. Scroll long enough, and it seems peptides are practically a cure-all. Peptide “stacks” offer customized combinations. “Biohacking” with peptides can allegedly make existing bodily functions work better. Search “peptides” on Instagram and videos of “peptide transformations” and dramatic visual before-and-afters pop up.
But in reality, these types of claims are not backed by reliable data, and the formulas are not guaranteed to be safe.
Here’s what to know about peptides, their safety, and where the viral health claims come from.
What are peptides?
Peptides are short strings of amino acids, linked by chemical bonds, CBS News chief medical correspondent Dr. Jon LaPook explained on “CBS Mornings.” Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and do everything from breaking down food to making chemicals in the brain. Peptides can affect the way the body functions at a cellular level, LaPook said.
The human body naturally produces some peptides, and there are more than 80 peptides approved for use by the Food and Drug Administration. Approved peptides can be found in insulin, skincare products, and GLP-1 medications like Ozempic and Wegovy.
But these aren’t the only peptides being referenced online. The ones being credited with healing injuries, slowing aging and more are not FDA approved, and their claims lack widely accepted scientific evidence like clinical data or human trials.
Dr. Monica Wang, an associate professor of health policy and management at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, said this “marketed for everything” framing “is usually a red flag.”
“In many cases, these products or supplements haven’t been FDA approved,” Wang said. “They haven’t been rigorously tested in clinical trials. To have specific products being translated into very confident consumer claims is a red flag.”
LaPook said, “There’s animal data like rats and mice that suggest they can affect, they have powerful effects on cell function, but there’s no gold-standard reproducible randomized trials in humans that show they actually work.”
These unregulated peptides are not prescribed, but are ordered online, then mixed and injected by the user.
Dozens of websites have peptides listed, but few appear reputable, with bold claims, generic URLs and limited or no contact information. Many describe the peptides as for research use. Most require a user login before browsing or seeing details of the peptides for sale. LaPook warned that with such unregulated substances, it’s hard to know for sure what you’re buying.
“There’s a gray market out there and it is like the wild, wild West,” he said.
Why are peptides so popular?
According to an analysis of Google search data from The Peptide Effect, U.S. peptide-related searches hit 10.1 million in January 2026. About 60% of those searches were for GLP-1s, commonly used for weight loss, but millions of other searches were for performance-related, anti-aging and healing peptides. Searches for so-called longevity peptides linked to anti-aging, heart health and metabolic regulation have increased by nearly 300% year-over-year.
The hashtag for peptides on TikTok has been used on over 270,000 videos, some racking up hundreds of thousands or even millions of views. On Instagram, the hashtag has been used on over 654,000 posts.
Wang said that the desire for a simple solution to real problems is driving the interest in peptides and other viral health trends. That, coupled with e-commerce and social media algorithms, can result in people seeing a huge amount of content about unproven treatments.
“The health problems that people are trying to solve, they’re real, and they’re also usually very complex, but the solutions being marketed are often oversimplified,” Wang said. “When you see a new trending fix, it’s more about, ‘What is a product that can be marketed, that people will buy, that are conveyed as simple, fast, and promise control?’ It taps into the consumer economy more than the health care economy.”
Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. has also voiced support for peptides. On the “Joe Rogan Experience” podcast last month, Kennedy said he was a “big fan” of the substances and that he has used them himself, “with really good effect on a couple injuries.” He said he wanted to make over a dozen peptides that compounding pharmacies are currently not allowed to sell “more accessible,” but did not offer details.
LaPook said that Kennedy’s plan “raises the question, if the FDA is making these things more widely available, what are the safety and efficacy studies that will have to happen?”