2026年5月5日 14:32 美国东部时间 / 福克斯新闻网
ARAM Express计划拟建设通往红海、地中海和阿拉伯海的输油管道，吸引欧洲和亚洲投资
作者：埃弗拉特·拉赫特 福克斯新闻网
发布于2026年5月5日 下午2:32 美国东部时间
达娜·佩里诺和比尔·赫默宣布美国推出“自由计划”，以确保霍尔木兹海峡的航行自由。特朗普总统向伊朗发出严厉警告，禁止其干扰航运通道。布莱恩·利亚纳斯从特拉维发回报道，内容涉及阿联酋归咎于伊朗的近期无人机袭击，以及韩国对该动荡地区一艘船只遇袭事件的调查。
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一项由美国支持的新建陆上输油管网、绕开霍尔木兹海峡的新提案正受到关注，因为该地区的紧张局势暴露了全球能源系统的一个关键脆弱点。
福克斯新闻数字频道审阅的一份政策备忘录概述了这一被称为“ARAM Express”的构想，该计划是美国与海湾伙伴之间拟组建的财团，旨在开发石油、天然气和石化产品的多方向陆上运输网络，其构想源自国防民主基金会的理查德·戈德堡。
该计划设想铺设向西延伸至红海和地中海的管道，以及通往阿拉伯海的南部线路，打造多条出口通道，从而减少对该海峡的依赖。目前全球约三分之一的海运石油通过该海峡。
特朗普推出“自由计划”应对霍尔木兹海峡危机，伊朗威胁发动袭击
根据美国中央司令部消息，“乔治·H·W·布什”号航母穿越阿拉伯海，美军正针对伊朗实施海上封锁，并在霍尔木兹海峡支援“自由计划”。（福克斯新闻网 供图）
该提案将依赖广泛的国际参与，欧洲和亚洲买家将投资基础设施并签订长期供应协议。
“欧洲买家迫切需要长期供应韧性，亚洲客户也同样面临风险，”戈德堡说，“即便中国也无法承受持续中断的风险。”
此举出台之际，伊朗对商业航运发出威胁，而美国在唐纳德·特朗普总统的“自由计划”下正持续努力保卫该航道，凸显了单一咽喉要道对全球能源流动构成的风险。
全球约三分之一的海运石油通过这片狭窄水道，使其成为全球市场的关键动脉。随着伊朗威胁航运，美军在特朗普总统的“自由计划”框架下引导船只通过海峡，白宫正从全球视角描述这场危机。
“总统不会允许伊朗挟持全球经济，破坏能源自由流动，”白宫发言人泰勒·罗杰斯表示，她将“自由计划”的启动描述为恢复海峡航行自由的人道主义努力。
这一说法与美国官员和分析师日益达成的共识一致，即风险不仅是眼前的，也是结构性的。
美国驻联合国大使迈克·瓦尔茨暗示，华盛顿的伙伴们已经开始着眼于海峡之外的解决方案。
“我知道我们的海湾伙伴和盟友正在认真思考这一问题，”瓦尔茨在周一与记者的电话会议中被问及长期替代方案时对福克斯新闻数字频道表示。
“我知道他们正在寻找更多替代方案，坦率地说，是为了多元化他们的运输通道和经济结构，”他补充道。
迈克·瓦尔茨推动联合国决议阻止伊朗封锁全球关键航运航线
该地区海盗风险上升，因伊朗支持的威胁在波斯湾持续存在，且全球能源流动正在转变，霍尔木兹海峡的动荡进一步加剧了这一风险。（大众传播专家 一等兵 卡桑德拉·汤普森/美国海军 via 盖蒂图片社）
多年累积的脆弱性
霍尔木兹海峡是结构性弱点的观点并非新鲜事。但直到现在，全球市场很大程度上容忍了这一状况，依赖海湾地区的稳定来保障能源流动。
这一假设如今正面临压力。
即便有美国海军力量部署以保卫该航道，当前的危机也凸显出中断甚至只是中断威胁，能以多快的速度波及全球供应链。
“这不再只是一个长期构想，”智库国防民主基金会的里奇·戈德堡说，“只要德黑兰政权存在，霍尔木兹海峡就面临真正的、不会消失的威胁。”
伊朗实力削弱，穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼的地区野心引发质疑
该提案将依赖广泛的国际参与，欧洲和亚洲买家将投资基础设施并签订长期供应协议。（美国中央司令部 供图）
沙特阿拉伯：围绕风险布局
沙特阿拉伯是海湾国家中为减少对霍尔木兹海峡依赖投入最多的国家。
其东西输油管道可将原油从海湾东部油田输送至红海的延布港，完全绕开该海峡。从那里，油轮可以前往欧洲、非洲和亚洲，无需经过这一咽喉要道。
“沙特阿拉伯应对霍尔木兹海峡风险的方式是规划，而非恐慌，”沙特地缘政治分析师萨勒曼·安萨里表示。
“东西输油管道是战略性保险，”他告诉福克斯新闻数字频道，“霍尔木兹海峡关闭会造成混乱，但不会导致瘫痪。沙特阿拉伯多年来一直在降低这一脆弱性，如今它具备独特能力来抵御冲击，维持全球能源流动。”
安萨里认为，该国的战略超越了能源出口范畴，将本国定位为更广泛的物流枢纽。
“港口、管道、陆桥、仓储和红海通道都是沙特应急架构的一部分，”他说。
霍尔木兹海峡咽喉持续存在，尽管特朗普宣布停火，伊朗仍中断石油运输
该计划设想铺设向西延伸至红海和地中海的管道，以及通往阿拉伯海的南部线路，打造多条出口通道，从而减少对该海峡的依赖。目前全球约三分之一的海运石油通过该海峡。（法德尔·塞纳 / 法新社 via 盖蒂图片社）
阿联酋与海湾模式的分化
沙特阿拉伯并非唯一一个做出调整的国家。
阿联酋也通过其位于霍尔木兹海峡外的富查伊拉管道开发了替代出口能力。
与此同时，一些分析师认为，近期的地区动态指向了更深刻的转变，不仅涉及基础设施，还涉及海湾地区本身的政治结构。
以色列企业家、前以色列总统西蒙·佩雷斯的顾问约纳坦·阿迪里表示，以霍尔木兹海峡为核心的统一海湾能源系统的传统模式正开始瓦解。
“整个安排……正在开始失效，”阿迪里说，他指的是长期以来将该海峡作为海湾出口核心动脉的依赖。
他指出了新兴的经济和地缘政治重新结盟，包括新的通道和不断变化的联盟，这些正在瓦解该地区传统的能源架构。
“阿联酋退出欧佩克不仅仅关乎生产政策，”阿迪里说，他指的是该国于2026年5月1日正式退出石油输出国组织的决定，“这反映了向独立战略的更广泛转变——构建自身的运输通道、合作伙伴关系和影响力，而非依赖集体体系。”
阿迪里表示，这些变化在一定程度上是由更广泛的全球竞争推动的，尤其是美国及其伙伴对抗中国“一带一路”倡议的努力。
“整个系统正在被重新思考，”他说，将其描述为向多元化运输路线的转变，减少对单一咽喉要道的依赖。
为何海湾国家未加入对伊战争——尽管本国领土遭遇袭击
2026年3月11日，在阿联酋哈伊马角北部拍摄到的停泊在霍尔木兹海峡附近海湾的货船。（路透社/特约摄影师/档案照片）
海湾各国风险暴露不均
尽管取得了这些进展，但并非所有海湾国家都做好了同等准备。
“如果你是科威特，那你就麻烦大了，”戈德堡说，他指出那些缺乏有意义的海上出口替代方案的国家。
卡塔尔是全球最大的液化天然气出口国之一，仍严重依赖霍尔木兹海峡，若航运中断，几乎没有重新调整供应路线的选择。
这种不均衡的风险暴露可能重塑地区格局，使拥有替代路线的国家在未来危机中具备更强的韧性和影响力。
政治限制与长期疑问
尽管替代路线的技术合理性日益增强，但政治限制依然存在。
最敏感的问题之一是，未来的通道是否可能涉及以色列，哪怕是间接涉及。
“至于涉及以色列的路线，哪怕是间接的，在当前情况下政治阻力极大，”安萨里说，“我确实看不到现在会有这种情况发生。”
与此同时，他暗示在未来不同的政治环境下，此类合作可能会变得更现实。
处于转型中的体系
目前，美国及其盟友仍专注于稳定霍尔木兹海峡的当前局势，确保船只安全通行，全球市场继续运转。
但随着紧张局势持续，这场危机正迫使人们进行更广泛的重新评估。
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尽管替代路线的技术合理性日益增强，但政治限制依然存在。（阿尔塔夫·卡德里/美联社）
问题不再仅仅是如何保卫海峡，而是全球能源系统是否还能像几十年来那样依赖这一通道。
专家认为，如果当前趋势持续，霍尔木兹海峡可能仍将是关键，但不再占据主导地位，因为各国将投资新路线、新伙伴关系和更多元化的能源版图。
福克斯新闻数字频道已联系沙特阿拉伯和阿联酋置评，但未在出版前收到回复。
埃弗拉特·拉赫特是福克斯新闻数字频道的驻外记者，负责报道国际事务和联合国事务。可在X平台关注她@efratlachter。新闻线索可发送至efrat.lachter@fox.com。
https://www.foxnews.com/video/6394563523112
US-backed pipeline proposal targets global reliance on Strait of Hormuz amid Iran threats
2026-05-05 14:32 EDT / Fox News
ARAM Express proposal envisions pipelines to the Red Sea, Mediterranean and Arabian Sea with European and Asian investment
By Efrat Lachter Fox News
Published May 5, 2026 2:32pm EDT
Dana Perino and Bill Hemmer announce the US initiative ‘Project Freedom’ to ensure freedom of navigation through the Strait of Hormuz. President Trump issues a stern warning to Iran against any interference with shipping lanes. Bryan Llenas reports from Tel Aviv on recent drone attacks attributed to Iran by the UAE, and South Korea’s investigation into a vessel attack in the volatile region.
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A new U.S.-backed proposal to build a network of overland energy pipelines bypassing the Strait of Hormuz is gaining attention as tensions in the region expose a critical vulnerability in the global energy system.
A policy memo reviewed by Fox News Digital outlines the concept, known as “ARAM Express,” a proposed consortium between the United States and Gulf partners to develop a multidirectional overland network for oil, gas and petrochemicals, originating with Richard Goldberg of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies.
The plan envisions pipelines extending westward to the Red Sea and Mediterranean, as well as southern routes toward the Arabian Sea, creating multiple export pathways that would reduce reliance on the strait, through which roughly one-third of the world’s seaborne oil currently flows.
TRUMP OPENS HORMUZ UNDER FIRE WITH ‘PROJECT FREEDOM’ AS IRAN WARNS OF ATTACKS
USS George H.W. Bush transits the Arabian Sea as U.S. forces enforce a naval blockade against Iran and support Project Freedom in the Strait of Hormuz, according to U.S. Central Command.(Fox News)
The proposal would rely on broad international participation, with European and Asian buyers investing in infrastructure and securing long-term supply agreements.
“European buyers are desperate for long-term supply resilience, and Asian customers are equally exposed,” Goldberg said. “Even China cannot tolerate the risk of a sustained disruption.”
The push comes as Iran’s threats to commercial shipping and ongoing U.S. efforts to secure the waterway under President Donald Trump’s “Project Freedom” highlight the risks posed by a single chokepoint to global energy flows.
Roughly one-third of the world’s seaborne oil passes through the narrow waterway, making it a critical artery for global markets. With Iran threatening shipping and U.S. forces now guiding vessels through the strait under President Donald Trump’s “Project Freedom,” the White House is framing the crisis in global terms.
“The President will not allow Iran to hold the global economy hostage and undermine the free flow of energy,” said White House spokeswoman Taylor Rogers, describing the launch of “Project Freedom” as a humanitarian effort to restore navigation through the strait.
That framing aligns with a growing view among U.S. officials and analysts that the risk is not only immediate but also structural.
U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Mike Waltz signaled that Washington’s partners are already looking beyond the strait itself.
“I know our Gulf partners and allies are seriously thinking through that,” Waltz told Fox News Digital when asked about long-term alternatives during a conference call with reporters Monday.
“I know they’re looking at additional alternatives to frankly diversify their pathways and diversify their economies,” he added.
MIKE WALTZ PUSHES UN RESOLUTION TO STOP IRAN MINING KEY GLOBAL SHIPPING ROUTE
The surge in regional piracy risk is exacerbated by the volatility of the Strait of Hormuz as Iranian-backed threats persist in the Persian Gulf and global energy flows are shifting.(Mass Communications Specialist 1st Class Cassandra Thompson/U.S. Navy via Getty Images)
A vulnerability years in the making
The idea that Hormuz represents a structural weakness is not new. But until now, it has largely been tolerated, with global markets relying on stability in the Gulf to keep energy flowing.
That assumption is now under strain.
Even with U.S. naval power deployed to secure the waterway, the current crisis has highlighted how quickly disruption, or even the threat of it, can ripple through global supply chains.
“This isn’t just a long-term idea anymore,” said Rich Goldberg of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies think tank. “There is a real threat to the Strait of Hormuz that isn’t going away so long as the regime in Tehran remains.”
AS IRAN WEAKENS, QUESTIONS GROW OVER MOHAMMED BIN SALMAN’S REGIONAL AMBITIONS
The proposal would rely on broad international participation, with European and Asian buyers investing in infrastructure and securing long-term supply agreements.(U.S. Central Command)
Saudi Arabia: Building around the risk
Saudi Arabia stands out as the country among Gulf states that has invested most heavily in reducing reliance on Hormuz.
Its East-West pipeline allows crude oil to travel from eastern fields on the Gulf to the Red Sea port of Yanbu, bypassing the strait entirely. From there, shipments can move toward Europe, Africa and Asia without entering the chokepoint.
“Saudi Arabia has treated the Strait of Hormuz risk with planning, not panic,” said Salman Al-Ansari, a Saudi geopolitical analyst.
“The East-West pipeline is strategic insurance,” he told Fox News Digital, “A Hormuz closure would be disruptive, but not paralyzing. Saudi Arabia has spent years reducing that vulnerability, and today it is uniquely positioned to absorb shocks and keep global flows moving.”
Al-Ansari argued that the kingdom’s strategy goes beyond energy exports, positioning the country as a broader logistics hub.
“Ports, pipelines, land bridges, storage and Red Sea access are all part of one Saudi contingency architecture,” he said.
HORMUZ CHOKE POINT PERSISTS AS IRAN HALTS OIL TRAFFIC DESPITE TRUMP CEASEFIRE
The plan envisions pipelines extending westward to the Red Sea and Mediterranean, as well as southern routes toward the Arabian Sea, creating multiple export pathways that would reduce reliance on the strait, through which roughly one-third of the world’s seaborne oil currently flows.(Fadel Senna / AFP via Getty Images)
UAE and the fragmentation of the Gulf model
Saudi Arabia is not the only player adapting.
The United Arab Emirates also has developed alternative export capacity through its pipeline to Fujairah, outside the Strait of Hormuz.
At the same time, some analysts argue that recent regional dynamics point to a deeper shift, one that goes beyond infrastructure and into the political structure of the Gulf itself.
Yonatan Adiri, an Israeli entrepreneur and former adviser to former Israeli President Shimon Peres, said the traditional model of a unified Gulf energy system centered on Hormuz is beginning to break down.
“The whole arrangement … it’s starting to expire,” Adiri said, referring to the long-standing reliance on the strait as a central artery for Gulf exports.
He pointed to emerging economic and geopolitical realignments, including new corridors and shifting alliances, that are fragmenting the region’s traditional energy architecture.
“The UAE stepping away from OPEC is not just about production policy,” Adiri said, referring to the country’s decision to leave the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries effective May 1, 2026. “It reflects a broader shift toward an independent strategy — building its own routes, partnerships and leverage rather than relying on a collective system.”
These changes are driven in part by broader global competition, according to Adiri, particularly efforts by the United States and its partners to counter China’s Belt and Road Initiative.
“The entire system is being rethought,” he said, describing a shift toward diversified routes that reduce reliance on single choke points.
WHY GULF STATES AREN’T JOINING THE WAR AGAINST IRAN — DESPITE ATTACKS ON THEIR SOIL
Cargo ships are anchored in the Gulf near the Strait of Hormuz as seen from northern Ras al-Khaimah, United Arab Emirates, March 11, 2026.(Reuters/Stringer/File Photo/File Photo)
Uneven exposure across the Gulf
Despite these developments, not all Gulf states are equally prepared.
“If you’re Kuwait, you’re in a world of hurt,” Goldberg said, pointing to countries that lack meaningful alternatives to maritime exports.
Qatar, one of the world’s largest exporters of liquefied natural gas, remains heavily dependent on the strait, with limited options to reroute supply if shipping is disrupted.
This uneven exposure could reshape regional dynamics, giving countries with alternative routes greater resilience and leverage in future crises.
Political limits and long-term questions
While the technical case for alternative routes is growing stronger, political constraints remain.
One of the most sensitive issues is whether future corridors could involve Israel, even indirectly.
“As for routes involving Israel, even indirectly, the politics are extremely difficult under current circumstances,” Al-Ansari said. “I genuinely do not see it happening now.”
At the same time, he suggested that such cooperation could become more realistic in the future under different political conditions.
A system in transition
For now, the U.S. and its allies remain focused on stabilizing the immediate situation in the Strait of Hormuz, ensuring that ships can pass safely and global markets continue to function.
But as tensions persist, the current crisis is forcing a broader reassessment.
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While the technical case for alternative routes is growing stronger, political constraints remain.(Altaf Qadri/The Associated Press)
The question is no longer just how to secure the strait, but whether the global energy system can afford to depend on it to the extent it has for decades.
If the current trajectory continues, Hormuz may remain critical, but no longer dominant, experts argue, as countries invest in new routes, new partnerships and a more diversified energy map.
Fox News Digital reached out to Saudi Arabia and the UAE for comment but did not receive a response in time for publication.
Efrat Lachter is a foreign correspondent for Fox News Digital covering international affairs and the United Nations. Follow her on X @efratlachter. Stories can be sent to efrat.lachter@fox.com.
https://www.foxnews.com/video/6394563523112