2026年4月28日 美国东部时间12:57 / 福克斯新闻网
作者：摩根·菲利普斯 福克斯新闻网
五角大楼在2027财年预算中申请约550亿美元用于无人机及自主作战项目，原因是从中东到乌克兰的战场冲突暴露出一个日益严峻的问题：廉价无人机正越来越多地突破美军昂贵的防御体系。
此次拨款申请较上年的约2.25亿美元出现大幅增长，标志着美国军方规划未来战争的方式发生重大转变，加速向部署大量低成本人工智能赋能系统的方向转型。
这笔资金由一个鲜为人知的五角大楼办公室——国防自主作战小组负责分配，涵盖各军种的多个项目，包括采购、研发、培训和维护，而非单一的独立武器系统。
美国国防部长皮特·赫格斯瑟周四在国会作证时预计将面临关于这份预算的质询，议员们将开始审议这份可能成为现代历史上规模最大的五角大楼拨款申请。本届政府申请2027财年全国国防开支约1.5万亿美元，较上年增长逾40%，是数十年来最大的年度增幅，其中无人机、导弹防御和下一代作战系统的重大投资是拨款申请的核心内容。
五角大楼在2027财年预算中申请约550亿美元用于无人机及自主作战项目，原因是从中东到乌克兰的战场冲突暴露出一个日益严峻的问题：廉价无人机正越来越多地突破美军昂贵的防御体系。（iStock/盖蒂图片社）
此次转型的核心是作战理念的转变：从以少量高成本平台为核心的部队，转向部署大量可协同作战的低成本系统，也就是所谓的无人机蜂群。
在近期中东地区的对峙中，伊朗无人机和导弹袭击迫使美军及盟军防御系统应对多波次低成本空中威胁，暴露了国防官员所称的日益严峻的“数学难题”——用昂贵的拦截弹拦截价格低廉的无人机。
在最近一次交火中，海湾地区的防空系统追踪到数十架来袭无人机和弹道导弹，拦截了其中多架，但也凸显了集群攻击即便对先进防御系统也会造成多大压力。
美国在伊朗冲突中耗尽关键导弹库存，多年重建工作迫在眉睫
同样的情况也在乌克兰上演，俄罗斯大量使用伊朗设计的无人机施压防空系统，迫使防御方耗费大量资源拦截相对廉价的目标。
这些战场经验正影响五角大楼的规划，推动其不仅研发对抗无人机蜂群的系统，还着手大规模部署此类蜂群。
与传统的单架无人机不同，五角大楼的新方案强调无人机组网协同，实时共享数据并协调行动。从理论上讲，此类蜂群可同时从多个方向发动攻击，迫使对手同时追踪和应对数十甚至数百个目标，从而压垮防御体系。
五角大楼的相关项目已不再局限于试验阶段，部分计划旨在短期内部署协同无人机群，让一名操作员即可同时指挥多套系统。
https://www.foxnews.com/video/6392754753112
尽管这一概念已在有限场景中完成测试，但大规模全自主协同仍面临技术挑战，尤其是在通信可能中断的复杂对抗环境中。
这笔资金支持空、陆、海多个领域的广泛系统，从小型可消耗无人机到自主水面舰艇和地面平台，以及连接这些系统所需的软件和通信网络。
官员们日益强调快速生产和低成本设计，目标是快速部署大量系统，而非依赖少量昂贵的平台编队。五角大楼为加快研发进度，预计将在很大程度上借鉴商用技术。
这一转变反映了战争形态的更广泛变化：工业产能和快速生产大量系统的能力，正与技术优势同等重要。
军事规划者还警告称，对手也在大力投入类似能力。
盟友向乌克兰紧急输送数千架无人机，应对俄军致命导弹袭击
中国已展示过由数百架协同系统组成的大规模无人机蜂群行动，凸显出全球自主作战领域竞争的激烈程度，也引发了人们对此类能力在未来冲突中如何应用的担忧。
在战场上，对手也在持续调整战术。俄罗斯军队已开始试验可在飞行途中发射小型攻击无人机的大型“搭载”无人机，以扩大射程并复杂化防空系统；伊朗则改进了大规模生产的攻击无人机的使用方式，通过持续攻击压垮防御体系。
2025年6月14日，一名士兵在弗吉尼亚州阿灵顿五角大楼停车场手持无人机，参加美国陆军建军250周年庆祝活动。（塞缪尔·科勒姆/盖蒂图片社）
与此同时，五角大楼及其盟友正竞相开发可匹配该规模的反制措施。
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分层防御体系如今融合了传统拦截弹、电子战工具和拦截无人机等新兴系统，旨在解决近期冲突中暴露的成本失衡问题。其目标是构建能够抵御大规模来袭威胁的防御体系，而非仅依赖高成本导弹。
尽管此次投资规模庞大，但五角大楼能否快速大规模部署这些能力仍存在疑问。此前加速无人机生产的努力曾遭遇延误，将大量自主系统整合进现有军事架构也面临技术和操作层面的挑战。
Pentagon jumps from $225M to $55B on drones as cheap attacks overwhelm US defenses
April 28, 2026 12:57pm EDT / Fox News
By Morgan Phillips Fox News
The Pentagon is seeking roughly $55 billion for drone and autonomous warfare programs in its fiscal year 2027 budget, as battlefield conflicts from the Middle East to Ukraine expose a growing problem: cheap drones are increasingly able to overwhelm costly U.S. defenses.
The funding request, a dramatic surge from roughly $225 million a year earlier, signals a major shift in how the U.S. military plans to fight future wars, accelerating a move toward large numbers of lower-cost, AI-enabled systems.
The funding, tied to a little-known Pentagon office known as the Defense Autonomous Warfare Group, represents a broad category spanning multiple programs across the services — including procurement, research, training and sustainment — rather than a single standalone weapons system.
War Secretary Pete Hegseth is expected to face questions on the budget when he testifies before Congress Thursday, as lawmakers begin weighing what would be the largest Pentagon request in modern history. The administration is seeking roughly $1.5 trillion in national defense spending for fiscal year 2027 — a more than 40% increase from the prior year and the biggest single-year jump in decades — with major investments in drones, missile defense and next-generation warfare systems at the center of the request.
The Pentagon is seeking roughly $55 billion for drone and autonomous warfare programs in its fiscal year 2027 budget, as battlefield conflicts from the Middle East to Ukraine expose a growing problem: cheap drones are increasingly able to overwhelm costly U.S. defenses.(iStock/Getty Images)
At the center of the shift is a change in doctrine: moving away from a force built around a small number of high-cost platforms toward one designed to deploy large numbers of cheaper systems capable of operating in coordinated groups, often referred to as drone swarms.
In recent confrontations in the Middle East, Iranian drone and missile attacks have forced U.S. and allied defenses to respond to waves of low-cost aerial threats, exposing what defense officials describe as a growing “math problem” — firing expensive interceptors at far cheaper drones.
In one recent engagement, Gulf air defenses tracked dozens of incoming drones alongside ballistic missiles, intercepting many but underscoring how clustered attacks can strain even advanced systems.
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The same dynamic has played out in Ukraine, where Russia has used Iranian-designed drones in large numbers to pressure air defenses, forcing defenders to expend significant resources to stop relatively inexpensive systems.
Those battlefield lessons are now shaping Pentagon planning, driving a push toward systems designed not just to defend against drone swarms, but to deploy them at scale.
Unlike traditional unmanned systems operated individually, the Pentagon’s new approach emphasizes networks of drones designed to operate together, sharing data and coordinating movements in real time. In theory, such swarms can overwhelm defenses by attacking from multiple directions at once, forcing adversaries to track and respond to dozens — or even hundreds — of targets simultaneously.
Pentagon initiatives are already moving beyond experimentation, with programs aimed at fielding coordinated drone groups in the near term and allowing a single operator to direct multiple systems simultaneously.
https://www.foxnews.com/video/6392754753112
While the concept has been tested in limited scenarios, fully autonomous coordination at scale remains a technical challenge, particularly in contested environments where communications can be disrupted.
The funding supports a wide range of systems across air, land and sea, from small, expendable aerial drones to autonomous surface vessels and ground-based platforms, along with the software and communications networks needed to link them together.
Officials increasingly have emphasized rapid production and lower-cost designs, aiming to field large numbers of systems quickly rather than relying on smaller fleets of more expensive platforms. Much of that effort is expected to draw on commercial technology as the Pentagon seeks to accelerate development timelines.
The shift reflects a broader change in warfare, where industrial capacity and the ability to produce large numbers of systems quickly are becoming as important as technological superiority.
Military planners also have warned that adversaries are investing heavily in similar capabilities.
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China has demonstrated large-scale drone swarm operations involving hundreds of coordinated systems, highlighting the pace of global competition in autonomous warfare and raising concerns about how such capabilities could be used in a future conflict.
On the battlefield, adversaries are continuing to adapt. Russian forces have begun experimenting with larger “carrier” drones capable of launching smaller attack drones mid-flight, extending range and complicating air defenses, while Iran has refined the use of mass-produced strike drones to overwhelm defenses through sustained attacks.
A soldier holds a drone in the Pentagon parking lot in Arlington, Virginia, on June 14, 2025, during the U.S. Army’s 250th anniversary celebrations.(Samuel Corum/Getty Images)
At the same time, the Pentagon and its allies are racing to develop countermeasures designed to match that scale.
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Layered defenses now include a mix of traditional interceptors, electronic warfare tools and emerging systems such as interceptor drones, aimed at addressing the cost imbalance exposed by recent conflicts. The goal is to build defenses capable of absorbing large waves of incoming threats without relying solely on high-cost missiles.
Despite the scale of the investment, questions remain about how quickly the Pentagon can field these capabilities at scale. Previous efforts to accelerate drone production have faced delays, and integrating large numbers of autonomous systems into existing military structures presents technical and operational challenges.