2026-06-12T18:45:45.279Z / 路透社
华盛顿6月12日电（路透社）——美国环境保护署（EPA）周五表示，已将具有里程碑意义的加州汽车排放法规提交国会，供其考虑废除，这是该机构为阻止更严格的州尾气排放要求而采取的最新行动。
EPA称，根据《国会审查法案》，此前民主党政府批准的加州监管豁免权本应提交给议员们审议。这些法规包括加州的《先进清洁汽车I》，该法规允许加州制定比联邦标准更严格的汽车尾气排放要求。
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加州方面未立即就EPA的提议置评。
唐纳德·特朗普政府采取了多管齐下的措施，剥夺加州要求使用更清洁汽车和更多电动汽车的权力。EPA还出台了新规，让汽车制造商更容易销售更多汽油动力汽车和卡车，同时提高电动汽车的购买成本。
此次提交国会审议的四项豁免权授予加州制定本州汽车、卡车以及园林设备排放标准的权力。这些法规促使企业生产更清洁的电动车型以减少排放。
2022年，在时任总统乔·拜登领导下的EPA批准了加州现行的汽车法规，即《先进清洁汽车I》（简称ACC I），该法规目前仍然有效。
今年3月，美国交通部起诉加州空气资源委员会，称该州的零排放汽车和尾气温室气体排放法规非法。
加州的法规要求汽车制造商销售越来越多的电动汽车，并满足日益严格的尾气排放限制。
这些法规比特朗普政府实施的标准严格得多，后者计划放松联邦燃油经济性规则。
特朗普去年签署法案，推翻了加州旨在到2035年逐步淘汰新汽油动力汽车的《先进清洁汽车II》法规。
加州辩称，这些法规为消费者带来的燃油成本节省远超电动汽车更高的前期购置成本。
在丰田（7203.T）、通用汽车（GM.N）和其他汽车制造商游说要求豁免加州排放法规后，国会废除了加州在2035年后禁止传统汽油动力汽车的权限。
此前，EPA就将该项目的豁免权提交国会审议。许多民主党议员认为，根据《国会审查法案》，这些豁免权不可被审查。
白宫也大幅放宽了联邦尾气排放规则。国会2025年通过立法，停止对未达到汽车尾气标准的行为收取罚款，为汽车制造商节省了数亿美元。
EPA今年2月单独废除了一项科学认定，即温室气体排放危害人类健康，并取消了针对汽车和卡车的联邦尾气排放标准。
戴维·谢泼德森报道；戴维·格雷戈里奥编辑
US EPA sends California emissions rules to Congress for potential reversal
2026-06-12T18:45:45.279Z / Reuters
Signage at the headquarters of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in Washington, D.C., U.S., February 18, 2025. REUTERS/Kent Nishimura Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
WASHINGTON, June 12 (Reuters) – The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on Friday said it was sending to Congress landmark California vehicle emissions rules for potential repeal, its latest effort to prevent tougher state tailpipe requirements.
The EPA said waivers for the California regulations approved under prior Democratic administrations should have been sent to lawmakers under the Congressional Review Act. The rules include California’s Advanced Clean Cars I that allows California to impose vehicle emissions requirements that are stricter than federal standards.
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California did not immediately comment on the EPA’s proposal.
President Donald Trump’s administration has mounted a multi-pronged effort to deny California the ability to require cleaner vehicles and more electric vehicles. The EPA has also enacted rules making it easier for automakers to sell more gasoline-powered cars and trucks, while making it more expensive to buy EVs.
The four waivers sent to Congress for review granted California authority to enact its own emission standards for cars and trucks as well as lawn and garden equipment. The rules have prodded companies to produce cleaner electric models to reduce emissions.
California won approval in 2022 under then President Joe Biden’s EPA for the state’s current vehicle rules known as Advanced Clean Cars I or ACC I, which remains in effect.
In March, the U.S. Transportation Department sued the California Air Resources Board, claiming the state’s zero-emission vehicle and tailpipe greenhouse gas emissions rules are illegal.
California’s rules require automakers to sell a rising number of electric vehicles and meet increasingly stringent limits on tailpipe emissions.
Those rules are much stricter than those imposed by the Trump administration, which plans to roll back federal fuel economy rules.
Trump signed legislation last year to overturn California’s Advanced Clean Cars II rules that aim to phase out new gasoline-powered cars by 2035.
California contends the fuel savings for consumers from the rules far exceed the higher upfront costs of EVs.
Congress rescinded authority for California to outlaw traditional gasoline-powered vehicles after 2035 after Toyota (7203.T), GM (GM.N) and other automakers lobbied for relief from California’s emissions regulations.
That came after the EPA sent Congress the waiver for that program for review. Many Democratic lawmakers contended the waivers are not reviewable under the CRA.
The White House also significantly weakened federal tailpipe rules. Congress passed legislation in 2025 to stop collecting penalties for not meeting vehicle tailpipe standards, saving automakers hundreds of millions of dollars.
The EPA in February separately repealed a scientific finding that greenhouse gas emissions endanger human health, and eliminated federal tailpipe emissions standards for cars and trucks.
Reporting by David Shepardson; Editing by David Gregorio
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