2026年6月4日 美国东部时间下午1:28 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
作者：艾米莉·梅·查霍尔 新闻编辑
艾米莉·梅·查霍尔是CBSNews.com的记者兼新闻编辑，通常报道突发新闻、极端天气和气候相关内容。她曾为《洛杉矶时报》、BuzzFeed和《新闻周刊》等媒体撰稿。
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科学家表示，本周有三次太阳耀斑从太阳爆发并朝向地球袭来，这些裹挟着巨大能量、光线和高速粒子的能量束在向地球靠近的过程中，可能会提升美国民众观赏北极光的概率。
根据美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的说法，太阳耀斑是太阳表面向外太空喷射的电磁辐射大爆发，其中包括X射线和紫外线。这类爆发通常与被称为日冕物质抛射的太阳磁暴相关，如果耀斑朝向地球，可能会严重干扰地球上的科技设施。
美国国家气象局空间天气预报中心表示，几天前从太阳喷射出的这三次耀斑均在24小时内以略有不同的角度被抛出。该中心预测，这三次耀斑在抵达地球前将相互追赶并合并。
“其抵达地球的可能性相当高，”该中心在一份预警公告中说道。
不过，该中心同时指出，耀斑的强度以及其可能对地球造成的影响程度仍不确定。科学家按照1至5级对地磁风暴的强度进行分级，从“轻度”到“极端”不等。预报人员表示，本次风暴的强度预计处于中间级别，要么为“强”，要么为“极强”。
NASA称，这次强烈的太阳耀斑于美国东部时间周三早上7:30左右达到峰值。该机构发布了此次爆发事件的照片，照片中太阳的深色轮廓映衬下，耀斑呈现为一道明亮的闪光。航天局表示，此次耀斑被归类为“X1.0级”，X级用于描述规模最大、强度最高的耀斑。
美国国家航空航天局于2026年6月3日拍摄到的太阳耀斑照片，照片中耀斑表现为一道明亮的闪光。NASA/SDO
NASA警告称，太阳耀斑和地磁风暴可能会影响地球上的电信和卫星系统，有可能干扰无线电、电网和导航系统。它们还可能损坏航天器，并对宇航员构成潜在安全威胁。
耀斑还可能让美国民众在周四和周五观赏到壮观的北极光（极光）。北极光与地磁风暴有关，以往强烈的风暴曾让北极光出现在远低于正常可见纬度的地区。2024年5月，一场创纪录的风暴使得北极光南至墨西哥境内都可见。
Sun erupts with 3 huge solar flares, increasing chances of northern lights across U.S.
June 4, 2026 1:28 PM EDT / CBS News
By Emily Mae Czachor News Editor
Emily Mae Czachor is a reporter and news editor at CBSNews.com. She typically covers breaking news, extreme weather and climate. Emily Mae previously wrote for outlets like the Los Angeles Times, BuzzFeed and Newsweek.
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Three solar flares burst from the sun toward Earth this week, scientists said, and the enormous beams of energy, light and high-speed particles may increase the odds of seeing the northern lights for people across the United States as they travel closer to our planet.
Solar flares are giant eruptions of electromagnetic radiation, including X-rays and ultraviolet light, which launch into space off the sun’s surface, according to NASA. The explosions are often associated with solar magnetic storms, also known as coronal mass ejections, and they can significantly disrupt technology on Earth if pointed in its direction.
The trio of flares that left the sun a couple of days ago were each expelled from the star at slightly different angles, all within a 24-hour period, according to the National Weather Service’s Space Weather Prediction Center. The center predicts that the three of them will catch up to one another and combine before reaching Earth.
“There is a fair level of confidence about an Earth arrival,” it said in an advisory.
However, it noted that the intensity of the flares, and the extent to which they could impact Earth, remained uncertain. Scientists measure the strength of geomagnetic storms on a scale of 1 to 5, ranking from “minor” to “extreme.” This one is expected to fall somewhere in the middle, with forecasters suggesting it will be either “strong” or “severe.”
NASA said the powerful solar flare peaked just before 7:30 a.m. ET on Wednesday. It published an image of the fiery event, which shows the flare as a bright flash of light against the sun’s darker silhouette. The space agency said this flare was classified as “X1.0,” with X-class used to describe the largest and most intense flares.
NASA captured this photo of a solar flare, which appears in the image as a bright flash of light, on June 3, 2026. NASA/SDO
Solar flares and geomagnetic storms are capable of impacting telecommunications and satellite systems on Earth, potentially meddling with radios, electric power grids and navigation systems, NASA has warned. They also may damage spacecraft and pose possible safety threats to astronauts.
Flares may also give way to spectacular displays of the aurora borealis, or northern lights, for people in the U.S. on Thursday and Friday. Northern lights are linked to geomagnetic storms, and strong storms have in the past produced northern lights well below the latitudes where they can normally be seen. In May 2024, one record storm caused northern lights as far south as Mexico.
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