2026年4月24日 / 美国东部时间上午11:49 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
大学学位通常被视为在劳动力市场抢占先机的途径，而近期初入职场的求职者正面临众所周知的就业困境。但随着应届毕业生开启求职之旅，许多人表示，他们本应选择不同的专业领域。
招聘网站ZipRecruiter近期发布的一份报告显示，约五分之一的应届毕业生对自己的专业感到后悔。该调查共采访了1500名2025届毕业生，以及另外1500名将于今年春季毕业的学生。这家求职网站指出，文科专业学生最容易对自己选择的研究方向感到后悔，其中很多人希望当初攻读了科学或量化领域的专业。
ZipRecruiter的调查发现，应届毕业生中后悔率最高的专业是政治学、国际关系或公共政策，有46.3%的该专业毕业生对自己的选择表示不满。紧随其后的是传播学、媒体研究或公共关系专业，其中39.2%的学生表示后悔当初的决定。
分析显示，不止文科毕业生会对自己的专业产生悔意，三分之一的物理科学专业毕业生——也就是主修物理、化学或地球科学的学生——也对此表示怀疑。报告指出，由于站稳职场脚跟的压力，年轻毕业生的悔意可能更为强烈。美联储的研究显示，中年美国人通常比年轻美国人更认可大学学位的价值。
在职位空缺普遍减少的当下，许多年轻求职者难以找到心仪岗位。截至3月1日，初级岗位在ZipRecruiter招聘信息中的占比为38.6%，低于两年前的43.4%。ZipRecruiter的研究显示，这类岗位数量正在缩减，与此同时市场对这些职位的需求却在上升。
求职并非初入职场的年轻人面临的唯一障碍。随着应届毕业生进入职场，他们可能还会面对一个残酷的现实：本专业对应的工作薪资比他们预期的要低。
ZipRecruiter的调查显示，主修公共卫生或卫生管理的学生，入职后的薪资比预期低了43.8%。在农业、环境科学或自然资源专业，以及英语、文学或新闻专业的毕业生中，实际薪资比预期低30%。
护理专业物有所值
该研究表明，对于担心就业前景的学生来说，学习护理专业可能会提供一条更有保障的就业途径。
ZipRecruiter发现，近三分之一的护理专业毕业生在毕业前就找到了工作。医疗保健行业的人才需求依然旺盛，尤其是美国人口老龄化推动了护理服务需求的增长。该行业持续推动就业增长：与其他专业相比，3月份医疗保健岗位的薪资涨幅占总薪资涨幅的43%。
护理专业毕业生还能获得更高的薪资待遇。根据ZipRecruiter的报告，护理专业毕业生的毕业中位薪资为每年7万美元，在所有专业中最高。
Here are the college majors that new grads regret the most, according to a recent survey
April 24, 2026 / 11:49 AM EDT / CBS News
A college degree is often seen as a way to get a leg up in the labor market, which has recently been notoriously challenging for early-career workers. But as new grads begin their job searches, many say they wish they had chosen a different field of study.
Roughly one in five recent grads regret their major, according to a recent report from ZipRecruiter, which surveyed 1,500 graduates from the class of 2025, and another 1,500 students set to graduate this spring. Liberal arts majors were most likely to regret the area they chose to focus their studies, with many wishing they had pursued a scientific or quantitative field, according to the job site.
The fields with the highest share of regret among recent grads are political science, international relations, or public policy, with 46.3% of those majors expressing dissatisfaction with their choice, ZipRecruiter found. That’s followed by communications, media studies or public relations majors, 39.2% of whom said they rue their decision.
To be sure, it’s not only liberal arts grads who have second thoughts about their majors, with one-third of physical sciences majors — people who majored in physics, chemistry or earth sciences — expressing doubts, the analysis found. Regret may be more acute for young grads due to the stress of securing a career foothold, with research from the Federal Reserve finding that middle-aged workers are generally more positive about the value of their college degrees than younger Americans.
Many young workers are struggling to land roles in the current workforce amid a broad decline in job openings. Entry-level roles accounted for 38.6% of postings on ZipRecruiter as of March 1, down from 43.4% two years ago. These jobs are shrinking at the same time demand for those positions is increasing, the ZipRecruiter study shows.
Finding a job isn’t the only obstacle early-career entrants face. As recent grads enter the workforce, they may also bump up against the unfortunate reality that the jobs in their field pay less than they anticipated.
For those who studied public health or health administration, the pay they received upon landing a job was 43.8% lower than they expected, ZipRecruiter’s survey reveals. Among agriculture, environmental science, or natural resources majors as well as English, literature, or journalism majors, compensation was 30% lower than they expected.
Nursing degrees pay off
For those worried about career prospects, studying nursing could provide a more secure pathway to employment, the study suggests.
ZipRecruiter found that nearly one-third of nursing graduates secured a job before graduation. Health care workers remain in high demand, especially as an aging U.S. population drives a need for care. The sector continues to drive employment growth: Health care jobs accounted for 43% of the total payroll gains in March compared to other majors.
Nursing majors also stand to benefit from higher pay. According to ZipRecruiter’s report, those who studied nursing landed the highest median salary upon graduation compared to other majors, at $70,000 a year.
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