2026-04-13 16:55:53 UTC / 路透社
作者：艾哈迈德·阿布勒尼恩
2026年4月13日 世界标准时间下午4:55 2小时前更新
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2024年4月9日，美国伊利诺伊州卡本代尔阿拉莫妇女诊所内，用于药物流产的第一种药物米非司酮的包装盒。路透社/伊夫林·霍克斯坦 档案照片 购买授权权限，将打开新标签页
华盛顿4月13日路透电——周一发布的一项研究显示，尽管美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）2023年就允许零售药房配送堕胎药米非司酮，但在允许通过远程医疗获取该药物的州，美国药房大多通过邮购方式填充米非司酮的处方。
美国食品药品监督管理局2023年授权零售药房在怀孕前10周内提供米非司酮——药物流产所需两种药物中的第一种。此前该机构已修改规则，允许该药物通过邮寄配送，无需当面配药。
通过路透社健康周刊栏目跟进最新医学突破与医疗趋势。在此注册。
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南加州大学发表在医学期刊《美国医学会杂志》（JAMA）上的研究显示，自2023年1月以来，药房每月约填充2700张米非司酮处方。在允许远程医疗堕胎的27个州和哥伦比亚特区，仅有不到2%的处方是在实体零售药房完成配药的。
研究发现，在11个堕胎合法但远程医疗配药受限制的州，约61%的处方是在实体药房完成配药的。
2022年美国最高法院推翻了宪法规定的堕胎权，允许各州禁止或限制堕胎手术，此次研究结果凸显了邮购配药对米非司酮的重要性。研究人员还指出，即便在堕胎保护措施相对完善的州，获取该药物的差距也十分显著。
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“在堕胎合法且允许远程医疗的地区，实体药房——尤其是连锁药房——配药的米非司酮处方少得惊人，”该研究的主要作者、南加州大学舍弗尔研究所高级学者迪马·卡托说道。
FDA修改政策后，连锁药房同时面临堕胎权利倡导者和反堕胎组织的压力。
最高法院裁决后实施的限制措施推动了药物堕胎数量激增，目前药物堕胎占美国所有堕胎案例的60%。美国近一半的州已禁止或严格限制堕胎，这加剧了州级和联邦层面的法律争端，反堕胎活动人士也推动禁止堕胎药物。
上周，一名联邦法官暂时叫停了路易斯安那州寻求限制全国米非司酮获取权的诉讼。参议院共和党人正在调查米非司酮制造商，并敦促FDA限制该药物的在线销售——该药于25多年前获得FDA批准。
艾哈迈德·阿布勒尼恩在华盛顿报道；比尔·伯克罗特编辑
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Mail-order dominates US abortion pill dispensing
2026-04-13 16:55:53 UTC / Reuters
By Ahmed Aboulenein
April 13, 2026 4:55 PM UTC Updated 2 hours ago
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Boxes of Mifepristone, the first pill in a medical abortion, are seen at Alamo Women’s Clinic in Carbondale, Illinois, U.S., April 9, 2024. REUTERS/Evelyn Hockstein/File Photo Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
WASHINGTON, April 13 (Reuters) – U.S. pharmacies are largely filling prescriptions for the abortion pill mifepristone via mail-order in states permitting telehealth access to the medication, despite a 2023 FDA decision allowing retail pharmacies to dispense the drug, according to a study published on Monday.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2023 authorized retail pharmacies to provide mifepristone, the first of two pills used in medication abortion, during the first 10 weeks of pregnancy. This followed a prior rule change permitting the drug to be shipped by mail without in-person dispensing requirements.
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Research from the University of Southern California published in the medical journal JAMA, opens new tab showed that since January 2023, pharmacies have filled about 2,700 mifepristone prescriptions monthly. In the 27 states and the District of Columbia where telehealth abortion is allowed, fewer than 2% of those prescriptions were filled at physical retail pharmacies.
In 11 states where abortion is legal but telehealth access is restricted, some 61% of prescriptions were filled at in-store pharmacies, the study found.
The findings underscore the significance of mail-order dispensing for mifepristone after the U.S. Supreme Court overturned the constitutional right to abortion in 2022, allowing states to ban or restrict the procedure. Researchers also noted substantial access disparities even in states with relatively robust abortion protections.
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“It’s striking how few retail pharmacies, particularly chains, are dispensing mifepristone where abortion is legal and telehealth is permitted,” said Dima Qato, the study’s lead author and senior scholar at the University of Southern California’s Schaeffer Institute.
Pharmacy chains have come under pressure from both abortion rights advocates and anti-abortion groups following the FDA policy revision.
Restrictions implemented after the Supreme Court’s ruling have driven a surge in medication abortion, which now accounts for 60% of all U.S. abortions. Nearly half of U.S. states have banned or severely limited abortion, fueling legal disputes at state and federal levels, and a push by anti-abortion activists to ban the pills as well.
Last week, a federal judge temporarily halted Louisiana’s lawsuit seeking to restrict nationwide access to mifepristone. Senate Republicans are investigating mifepristone manufacturers and have urged the FDA to curb online sales of the drug, which the agency approved over 25 years ago.
Reporting by Ahmed Aboulenein in Washington; Editing by Bill Berkrot
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