2026-03-29T11:00:55.073Z / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
作者：布莱恩·托德、尼基·罗伯逊
发布时间：2026年3月29日，美国东部时间上午7:00
肯特·西村/盖蒂图片社/资料图
越南战争退伍军人杰森·卡特正做着最坏打算——不得不靠汽车栖身。
现年78岁的卡特曾在美国空军服役，目前无家可归，暂住于田纳西州孟菲斯市一家退伍军人服务机构。
他是非营利组织“阿尔法·奥米茄退伍军人服务中心”旗下多家机构中二十多名可能被驱逐的退伍军人之一。特朗普政府出台的这项计划正遭到法庭起诉，若获准推行，他们将面临被赶出门的命运。
根据这项将波及全美各地机构的计划，美国住房和城市发展部（HUD）计划将许多 formerly homeless 人士从永久住房转移至临时过渡性住房。维权人士表示，随着这些机构转型为过渡性住房并接收新申请者，现有住户可能会被强行赶走。
“那将是一场灾难，”卡特告诉CNN。“我又要回到街上，待在我的老别克车里，车里还没有空调。”卡特补充说，自身健康状况会让处境变得更糟。他表示自己因多次摔倒造成了神经损伤，还患有终末期肾病。
过渡性住房提供短期庇护，理想情况下是帮助无家可归者在紧急情况与永久住房之间搭建桥梁。这类住房通常最多可提供两年住宿，但无家可归问题维权人士表示，人们在过渡性住房中平均停留时间往往短得多——仅几个月，许多人最终还是会重新陷入无家可归的境地。
住房和城市发展部去年通知“阿尔法·奥米茄”及其他机构，计划将逾30亿美元的拨款转向过渡性住房，这迫使这些机构及其住户 scrambling to find alternatives（紧急寻找替代方案）。
“阿尔法·奥米茄”帮助孟菲斯地区的退伍军人摆脱无家可归状态已有近40年。该组织执行董事阿尔·爱德华兹管理着三家住房机构。
爱德华兹告诉CNN，由于住房和城市发展部的政策变动，他必须将自己运营的一处永久支持性住房设施——也就是卡特目前居住的这一处——改建为过渡性住房大楼。
“我肯定得把所有人都赶出去，”爱德华兹说，该大楼里约30名退伍军人将不得不在未来几周内搬离。
“我为此哭过，”爱德华兹告诉CNN。“这是我人生中压力最大的一段时期。”
但罗德岛州的一名联邦法官已暂时叫停住房和城市发展部的相关行动，这是全国无家可归者联盟及其他维权团体对住房和城市发展部提起的诉讼的一部分。判决可能很快就会下达。
如果住房和城市发展部胜诉，这一决定不仅会影响无家可归的退伍军人，还将波及范围更广的高危人群。
相关报道：几十年来为无家可归者提供稳定住房曾是联邦政策。特朗普正在终结它 阅读时长：6分钟
全国无家可归者联盟执行董事安·奥利瓦表示，未来一年，全美各地通过此类项目获得住房的约17万前无家可归者可能会被驱逐，被迫重新流落街头。
“住房和城市发展部正试图取消全国各地以证据为基础、运营良好的项目以及永久住房项目的资金，转而支持那些实际上无法让人们长期保有住房的短期干预措施，”奥利瓦告诉CNN。
“我们只是想保护人们的家园，”她说。
住房和城市发展部的一位发言人告诉CNN，目前为美国无家可归者提供资助的体系是“错误的”，一些使用该体系的无家可归者会接触到非法毒品和性犯罪者。
“住房和城市发展部完全支持我们改革美国失败的无家可归者救助体系的目标，该体系几乎完全依赖于以高昂的纳税人成本永久收容无家可归者，却忽视了根源问题，”该发言人在一封电子邮件中说道。
住房和城市发展部的这项计划的类似版本可以在保守派智库传统基金会发布的第二任特朗普政府施政蓝图《2025计划》中找到。
《2025计划》中有关住房和城市发展部的章节提到，新政府应“终止‘住房优先’政策，让该部门在针对无家可归问题采取永久性干预措施之前，优先解决心理健康和药物滥用问题”。
该章节的一条脚注进一步阐述了这一理念，称应“转向过渡性住房，重点解决首先导致无家可归的根本问题”。
支持住房公司是一家全国性的无家可归者维权组织，并未参与此次诉讼，其总裁兼首席执行官黛博拉·德桑蒂斯表示，住房和城市发展部优先发展过渡性住房的做法并不明智。
“我担心的是，这会给住房提供商带来不稳定因素——他们已经摸清了当地的需求，并建立了相关机制来推进并为人们创造机会，而现在却被要求开展不符合当地需求的项目，”德桑蒂斯说。
根据住房和城市发展部2024年发布的一份报告，美国近有3.3万名退伍军人面临无家可归的困境，其中近1.4万人无固定住所。根据全国退伍军人无家可归者联盟的数据，约5%的无家可归成年人是退伍军人。
这并非特朗普政府在解决无家可归问题上首次引发争议的举措。本月早些时候，美国退伍军人事务部和司法部宣布达成一项协议，允许退伍军人事务部的律师为数百名退伍军人启动监护程序，其中一些人目前正无家可归。
一些退伍军人维权人士担心，这项协议可能会剥夺退伍军人的自主权。退伍军人事务部表示，此举旨在帮助约700名长期滞留退伍军人医院的患者，其中约一半人无家可归。许多人无法自行做出医疗决策，也没有代理人。
在“阿尔法·奥米茄”机构，爱德华兹表示，围绕这项新政策的沟通充满困难。
他不得不告诉社区成员，他们中的一些人可能很快就会被驱逐。
“很多人问我，‘好吧，我们会怎么样？我们要去哪里？’”爱德华兹告诉CNN。“他们问的问题我根本答不上来。我当时没有答案，现在也还是没有。”
杰森·卡特是在人生低谷时来到“阿尔法·奥米茄”的。两年前，他决定停止治疗肾病的透析，因为“这对我的身心来说都太过疲惫”。在那之前，他曾多次进出康复医院，试图在之前受伤后重新学习走路。
“我不介意告诉任何人，‘阿尔法·奥米茄’救了我的命。我的意思是，我当时彻底流落街头了，对吧？他们给了我一个安全可靠的地方，让我能够重建身体，”卡特说。
“如果住房和城市发展部只是想省钱，而所有人都重新流落街头，那其他机构就得收拾这个烂摊子。这不过是拆东墙补西墙。这就是我不理解的地方。”
Formerly homeless people, including veterans, could be evicted if Trump administration plan is implemented
2026-03-29T11:00:55.073Z / CNN
By Brian Todd, Nicky Robertson
PUBLISHED Mar 29, 2026, 7:00 AM ET
The Robert C. Weaver Federal Building, the headquarters of the US Department of Housing and Urban Development is seen on July 8, 2025, in Washington, DC.
Kent Nishimura/Getty Images/File
Vietnam veteran Jayson Carter is preparing for his worst-case scenario — having to live out of his car.
Carter, a 78-year-old who served in the Air Force, is homeless and staying in a facility for veterans in Memphis, Tennessee.
He’s one of more than two dozen veterans at facilities run by the nonprofit Alpha Omega Veterans Services who could be evicted if a plan hatched by the Trump administration, which is being challenged in court, is allowed to go through.
Under the plan, which would affect facilities across the country, the Department of Housing and Urban Development is hoping to move many formerly homeless people from permanent housing to temporary transitional housing. Advocates say people could be forced out as facilities convert to transitional housing and take new applicants.
“It would be just disastrous,” Carter told CNN. “I’d be back on the street in my old Buick with no air conditioning.” Carter added that his health challenges would make the predicament even worse. He said he has suffered neurological damage from a series of falls, and that he has end-stage renal disease.
Transitional housing provides short-term shelter to ideally bridge the gap between emergencies and permanent housing for people experiencing homelessness. It is typically offered for up to two years, but homeless advocates say the average length spent in transitional housing tends to be much shorter — only a few months — with many returning to homelessness.
HUD informed Alpha Omega and other facilities last year about its plan to shift more than $3 billion in grant funding to transitional housing, leaving the facilities and those living in them scrambling to find alternatives.
Alpha Omega has been helping veterans in the Memphis area transition out of homelessness for nearly 40 years. Al Edwards, its executive director, runs three housing facilities for the organization.
Edwards told CNN that because of the HUD policy change, he would have to convert one of his permanent supportive housing facilities, the one in which Carter resides, into a transitional housing building.
“I will definitely have to evict everyone,” said Edwards, who says about 30 veterans in that building would have to leave in the coming weeks.
“I have cried tears about this,” Edwards told CNN. “This has been the most stressful period of my life.”
But a federal judge in Rhode Island has temporarily blocked HUD’s efforts, as part of a lawsuit the National Alliance to End Homelessness and other advocacy groups filed against HUD. A ruling could come soon.
If HUD prevails, the decision would affect not only homeless veterans, but also the wider at-risk population.
Related article Giving homeless people stable housing was federal policy for decades. Trump is ending it 6 min read
Ann Oliva, executive director of National Alliance to End Homelessness, said up to about 170,000 formerly homeless people across the US who have been housed by these programs could be evicted and forced back into homelessness over the next year.
“HUD is trying to defund evidence-based, well-run programs all over the country, permanent housing programs all over the country, in favor of short-term interventions that don’t actually keep people housed over a long period of time,” Oliva told CNN.
“We’re just trying to protect people’s homes,” she said.
A HUD spokesperson told CNN that the current federally funded system for homeless Americans is “misguided” and that some homeless people who use it are exposed to illegal drugs and sex offenders.
“HUD fully stands by our objective to overhaul America’s failed homelessness system, which has relied almost exclusively on permanently warehousing the homeless at exorbitant taxpayer cost while ignoring root causes,” the spokesperson said in an email.
A similar version of HUD’s plan can be found in the Project 2025 blueprint for the second Trump administration, a political initiative published by the conservative Heritage Foundation.
The HUD section of Project 2025 says a new administration should “end Housing First policies so that the department prioritizes mental health and substance abuse issues before jumping to permanent interventions in homelessness.”
A footnote in that section expands the idea, stating that there should be a “shift to transitional housing with a focus on addressing the underlying issues that cause homelessness in the first place.”
Deborah DeSantis, president and CEO of the Corporation for Supportive Housing, a national homeless advocacy organization that is not a party to the suit, said HUD’s effort to prioritize transitional housing is ill-advised.
“What I’m concerned about is the instability this is creating for housing providers who have identified what their local needs are and have built a structure to advance and create opportunities for people. And they are now being asked to create programs that don’t address those local needs,” DeSantis said.
According to a HUD report published in 2024, there are nearly 33,000 veterans facing homelessness in the US, and nearly 14,000 of them are unsheltered. According to the National Coalition for Homeless Veterans, about 5% of adults experiencing homelessness are veterans.
This isn’t the first controversial move by the Trump administration in its efforts to deal with homelessness. Earlier this month, the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Justice Department announced an agreement to allow VA lawyers to start guardianship proceedings for hundreds of veterans, some of whom are experiencing homelessness.
Some veterans’ advocates fear that agreement could rob veterans of their autonomy. The VA says it is trying to help about 700 veterans who have been languishing in VA hospitals, about half of whom are homeless. Many are incapable of making their own medical decisions and don’t have representation.
At Alpha Omega, Edwards said the conversations around the new policy have been difficult.
He had to tell his community members that some of them may soon be evicted.
“A lot of them were asking me, ‘OK, so what’s going to happen with us? Where are we going to go?’” Edwards told CNN. “They were asking me questions that I just simply could not answer. I didn’t have answers for them. And I still don’t have those answers now.”
Jayson Carter came to Alpha Omega at a low point. Two years ago, he made the decision to end his dialysis for his renal disease because “it was just too physically and emotionally exhausting for me.” Before that, he had been in and out of rehab hospitals trying to learn how to walk again after previous injuries.
“I don’t mind telling anybody, Alpha Omega saved my life. I mean, I was out there homeless, completely, you know? And they gave me a place that was secure and safe, where I could rebuild my strength,” Carter said.
“If HUD is trying to save money and all these people end up on the street, some other agency is going to have to pick up the slack. So, you’re robbing Peter to pay Paul. That’s what I don’t understand about it.”