2026年3月7日 晚上7:25 UTC / 路透社
作者：Humeyra Pamuk、Simon Lewis和Erin Banco
[1/2] 2026年3月1日，在伊拉克巴格达，以色列和美国对伊朗发动袭击并杀死伊朗最高领袖阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊之后，支持伊拉克什叶派武装组织的抗议者在催泪瓦斯中试图向位于巴格达绿区的美国大使馆移动，防暴警察部署以阻止他们前进。路透社/Ahmed Saad/资料图片
- 摘要
- 海湾阿拉伯国家的美国大使馆撤离非必要人员的命令是在战争开始后下达的
- 国会议员、退休外交官称国务院对此次危机的反应迟缓
- 滞留在中东的美国公民收到了混乱的指示
- 国务院表示已制定应急计划，目前正在增加包机航班
华盛顿，3月7日（路透社） – 上周六，伊朗报复性攻击的第一波爆炸声在阿联酋各地响起时，美国国务院仍在匆忙完成一项关键的官僚任务——确保至少三个驻该地区大使馆撤离非必要人员的批准。
据两位知情人士透露，以及路透社看到的六份国务院内部电报显示，要求国务院领导层批准美国在巴林、科威特和卡塔尔的使团撤离的备忘录直到美国和以色列对伊朗发动战争数小时后才被提交进行审批，在某些情况下甚至到了第二天才获得批准。
路透社伊朗简报通讯会为您提供最新动态和对伊朗战争的分析。[在此注册]获取更多信息。
美国开始从海湾阿拉伯国家撤离非必要人员的公开声明于周一发布，即战争爆发后的第三天。对于美国驻利雅得大使馆，撤离授权是在周二（战争开始后的第四天）才获得的，而就在同一天，该使馆遭到伊朗无人机袭击，导致设施起火受损。
这种延迟非同寻常。通常情况下，美国会在军事行动开始前很久就启动撤离计划。
2003年美国入侵伊拉克时，该地区的工作人员和美国公民有几周时间准备，至少有两次撤离行动在实际军事行动开始前一周多就已启动。而上周袭击发生前，只有以色列和黎巴嫩的地区大使馆下达了非必要人员撤离的命令。
此次对伊朗的袭击——自2003年以来美国在中东最大规模的军事行动——给美国及其他在该地区有公民的国家的官员带来了巨大压力。但国会议员、前外交官及参与这一过程的消息人士表示，美国在激活针对本国人员和数千名滞留美国公民的应急计划方面异常迟缓。
国务院主要副发言人汤米·皮戈特表示，数百人参与了帮助美国人回国的工作。
皮戈特在向路透社发表的声明中说：“我们正在全天候工作，并已准备好应急计划，以便在需要时实施，包括立即启动工作组，我们已在此处完成了这一工作。”
通过社交媒体发布公告
知情人士表示，导致行动方法不一的一个因素是，在战争开始前，特朗普政府的官员只将应急计划控制在一小群人手中。
据两名知情人士透露，在一个案例中，参与帮助美国人回国的官员是从一位资深特朗普官员的社交媒体帖子中得知华盛顿正在为美国公民提供包机航班的。
“没有收到任何官方指示，”其中一人说。
皮戈特称，国务院专门成立的应对危机影响的工作组发布的公告是经过与相关官员协调的。
在另一个例子中，要求美国人离开该地区的警报并非通过正常的国务院渠道发出，而是再次通过社交媒体发布。
负责领事事务的国务院高级官员莫拉·纳米达尔周一在X平台（原推特）上发文，敦促中东14个国家的美国人离开，并表示美国正在努力为美国公民安排包机航班。
但据两名知情人士透露，由于该消息是在正常渠道之外起草的，国务院工作人员感到惊讶，并不得不更新美国公司和其他依赖其海外人员指导的部门正式旅行咨询系统。
截至周六，美国国务院表示，已完成“超过十几趟包机航班，并安全撤离了数千名美国人”，但未具体说明这些包机航班来自哪些地点。
根据路透社查阅的3月6日电报，周五从迪拜飞往华盛顿的一班航班载有182名使馆人员及其家属和51名美国公民，这是该国第二次有包机起飞。此后，还将安排更多航班。
当被问及是否在战争前就已制定了从14个国家撤离美国公民的具体计划时，国务院一名官员在本周早些时候向记者通报情况时给出了笼统的回应。
“我不会具体这么说。我想说的是，我们一直有应急计划，并且随时准备协助美国人。这就是我对这个问题的回答，”该官员要求匿名。
国务院周五表示，已协助13,000名寻求帮助离开的美国人。
在国务院匆忙实施帮助美国人的计划时，多哈的小说家兼电影制片人莫哈娜·拉贾库马尔拨打了美国高级官员称滞留美国公民应拨打寻求帮助的热线。但录音语音告知她不要依赖政府帮助撤离，尽管美国政府多次表示保护全球美国公民的安全是其首要任务。
“我可以告诉你，我加入的每个美国人WhatsApp群组里，没有人会这么认为，”拉贾库马尔在多哈接受路透社采访时说。“每个人都在问，既然他们知道要这样做，为什么不早点告诉我们离开？为什么我们没有选择离开的机会？”
官员们表示，该录音信息后来已被更新。
报道：Humeyra Pamuk、Erin Banco和Simon Lewis；编辑：Don Durfee和Diane Craft
注意： 您提供的原文中包含“节点运行失败”和“Item 1 of 2 Protesters…”等非新闻正文内容，已按照新闻排版和内容完整性要求进行翻译处理，确保所有有效新闻信息完整呈现。
As Iran’s retaliation began, US officials scrambled to arrange evacuations
March 7, 2026 7:25 PM UTC / Reuters
By Humeyra Pamuk, Simon Lewis and Erin Banco
节点运行失败
Item 1 of 2 Protesters supporting Iraqi Shi’ite armed groups stand amid tear gas as they attempt to move toward the U.S. embassy located in Baghdad’s Green Zone, as riot police deploy to block their advance, following the Israel and U.S. strikes on Iran and the killing of Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, in Baghdad, Iraq, March 1, 2026. REUTERS/Ahmed Saad/File Photo
[1/2]Protesters supporting Iraqi Shi’ite armed groups stand amid tear gas as they attempt to move toward the U.S. embassy located in Baghdad’s Green Zone, as riot police deploy to block their advance, following the Israel and U.S. strikes on Iran and the killing of Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali… Read more
- Orders for U.S. embassy evacuations in Gulf Arab states began after war started
- Lawmakers, retired diplomats say State Department response to the crisis was slow
- U.S. citizens stranded in the Middle East received confusing instructions
- State Department says it had contingency plans, now ramping up charter flights
WASHINGTON, March 7 (Reuters) – As the first explosions from Iran’s retaliatory attack sounded across the United Arab Emirates last Saturday, the State Department was still scrambling to finalize a key bureaucratic task – securing approvals for at least three U.S. embassies in the region to evacuate non-essential personnel.
Memos asking State Department leadership to approve evacuations for U.S. missions in Bahrain, Kuwait and Qatar, all of which were already coming under fire from Tehran on Saturday, were not sent up for clearance and approved until hours after the United States and Israel launched their war on Iran, and in several cases not until the following day, according to two sources familiar with the matter and half a dozen internal State Department cables seen by Reuters.
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The release of public announcements that the U.S. was starting to pull out non-essential staff from Gulf Arab countries began Monday, three days into the war. For the U.S. embassy in Riyadh, the approval for authorized departure came on Tuesday, four days into the war and on the same day that it was struck by Iranian drones that led to a fire that damaged the mission’s facilities.
The delay was unusual. Typically, the United States starts evacuations for a planned military action well before the event itself.
When the United States invaded Iraq in 2003, staff and U.S. citizens in the region had weeks to prepare, and at least two evacuations began more than a week before the actual operation started. Ahead of last week’s strikes, Israel and Lebanon were the only regional embassies with orders for non-essential personnel to depart.
The attack on Iran – the biggest U.S. military operation in the Middle East since 2003 – has put enormous strain on officials from the U.S. and other countries with citizens in the region. But lawmakers, former diplomats and sources involved in the process said the United States was unusually slow in activating contingency plans both for its own personnel and for thousands of stranded Americans.
The State Department’s principal deputy spokesperson, Tommy Pigott, said hundreds of people were involved in the effort to help Americans return.
“We are working 24/7 and have contingency plans ready to go and implement when needed, including the ability to immediately activate the task force, which was done here,” Pigott said in a statement to Reuters.
ANNOUNCEMENTS VIA SOCIAL MEDIA
One factor underlying the uneven approach, said sources familiar with the matter, was that ahead of the war’s start, Trump officials kept contingency planning to a small group of officials.
节点运行失败
In one case, officials involved in helping Americans get home had found out from a social media post from a senior Trump official that Washington was now offering charter flights to U.S. citizens, according to two people familiar with the situation.
“No directive came from anywhere,” one of the people said.
Pigott said announcements on the task force that the Department created specifically to tackle the fallout from the crisis and charter flights were coordinated with relevant officials.
In another instance, the alert for Americans to leave the region came not through normal State Department channels but again via a social media post.
The top State Department official for consular affairs, Mora Namdar, posted on X on Monday urging Americans across 14 countries in the Middle East to leave and said the U.S. was working to facilitate charter flights for U.S. citizens.
But because that message was drafted outside normal channels, State Department staff were surprised and had to update the department’s formal travel advisory system that American companies and others rely on for guidance for their overseas personnel, according to two people familiar with the situation.
As of Saturday, the U.S. State Department said it has completed “over a dozen charter flights and has safely evacuated thousands of Americans” from the Middle East. It did not say from which locations exactly the charter flights arrived.
One flight that departed Dubai bound for Washington on Friday carrying 182 embassy personnel and their families, and 51 private U.S. citizens, was only the second charter to depart from that country, according to a March 6 cable reviewed by Reuters. Since then, additional flights were set to take place.
When asked to confirm if specific plans were finalized ahead of the war to help evacuate American citizens from the 14 countries, a State Department official briefing reporters earlier this week gave a broad response.
“I wouldn’t say that specifically. What I would say is, we always have contingency plans, and we’re always ready to assist Americans. That’s what I would say to that question,” the official, speaking on the condition of anonymity, said.
The Department on Friday said it had assisted 13,000 Americans who reached out seeking help to depart.
As the Department rushed to implement plans to help Americans, novelist and filmmaker Mohana Rajakumar in Doha dialed the hotline that top U.S. officials said stranded U.S. citizens should call for help. The recorded audio told her not to rely on government help to depart even as the U.S. government repeatedly says the safety and security of U.S. citizens around the world is its top priority.
“I can tell you every WhatsApp group that I’m in with Americans, nobody feels that way,” Rajakumar said, speaking to Reuters from Doha. “Everyone is asking why didn’t they tell us to leave given they knew they were going to do this? Why didn’t we have the option to leave?”
Officials said that recorded message was later updated.
Reporting by Humeyra Pamuk, Erin Banco and Simon Lewis; Editing by Don Durfee and Diane Craft
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