2026年4月30日 / 美国东部时间晚上10:24 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
撰稿：克里·布林 新闻编辑
克里·布林是CBSNews.com的新闻编辑，毕业于纽约大学亚瑟·L·卡特新闻学院，此前曾在NBC新闻《今日数字》工作，负责报道时事、突发新闻以及包括物质使用在内的相关议题。
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据哥伦比亚广播公司新闻获得的一份新禁毒战略草案显示，特朗普政府提议在全国范围内推行废水检测，以实时获取非法药物使用的数据。
该计划称，政府还计划利用人工智能技术在入境港口筛查货运中的违禁药品，审查电子健康记录以“识别过量用药高风险患者”，并开发搜索算法以监测新兴毒品威胁。
据知情人士透露，白宫计划于下周发布这份长达195页的文件。
该战略的预算尚未立即公布。
联邦数据显示，美国的过量用药死亡人数在2023年中期见顶后有所下降，但仍远高于阿片类药物危机前的水平，在截至去年11月的12个月内，全国报告的过量用药死亡人数超过6.8万。但2024年报告过去一年使用过违禁药品的美国人数量有所上升，主要原因是大麻使用人数增加。报告还指出，当前面临着包括 fentanyl（芬太尼）掺杂毒品和新型合成毒品在内的新威胁。
文件称，包括尼古丁、酒精、大麻和致幻剂在内的成瘾性物质营销商采用了“与历史上大烟草公司针对年轻受众的营销策略类似的手段”。报告指出，效力空前强劲的大麻产品经常被“大肆宣传，且包装往往旨在吸引未成年人”。
报告还指责流行文化将吸毒行为正常化，称“美国社会在电影、音乐和公共场合中对非法吸毒的容忍度越来越高”。
该战略称，特朗普政府将采用新型监测手段以更好地掌握毒品使用趋势，包括废水检测和生物样本检测。
报告称：“我们还将优先建立新的数据系统，通过全国性的废水监测体系和生物监测，实时监测药物消费情况。这些客观指标将为当前的毒品使用和贩运模式提供及时、本地化的数据。”
以宗教信仰为基础的戒毒治疗是该战略的核心内容。
报告称：“世俗教育和治疗固然重要，但对于有信仰的人来说，将上帝纳入治疗体系会带来特殊的力量。”“我们鼓励信仰领袖利用自身影响力和布道讲坛，倡导不吸毒的社会规范，并为那些患有可治疗的成瘾症的人带来希望和支持。”
报告还呼吁扩大美国人获得戒毒治疗的渠道，称“获得治疗应该比购买违禁药品更容易”。
该战略表示，成瘾治疗应与其他类型的医疗服务相结合，且此类治疗应“个性化且全面”。
计划包括支持针对阿片类药物使用障碍的药物治疗，并呼吁研究针对甲基苯丙胺、可卡因和大麻的类似治疗方法。
为防止过量死亡，报告称，逆转过量用药的药物纳洛酮“必须像治疗过敏反应的肾上腺素一样常见”。
报告称，芬太尼检测试纸可以成为检测受污染毒品的“重要工具”。
但美国药物滥用和精神健康服务管理局最近发布的一封信件称，检测试纸无法使用联邦拨款购买。
特朗普总统曾支持加大对某些违禁物质的研究力度，最近还签署了一项行政命令，简化科学家研究某些致幻剂用于心理健康治疗的流程。
本月早些时候，美国司法部宣布将对某些大麻产品进行重新分级，将其归入更低的毒品类别，并着手加快全面重新分级大麻的进程。
文件强调了执法部门在打击违禁毒品分销方面的作用，反映了特朗普政府对外国毒品供应商的打击行动——例如将一些贩毒集团列为外国恐怖组织，并对加勒比和太平洋地区的疑似贩毒船只实施致命打击。
塞琳·冈德里博士为本报告撰稿。
New White House drug abuse strategy floats wastewater testing, AI, more treatment and faith-based options
April 30, 2026 / 10:24 PM EDT / CBS News
By Kerry Breen News Editor
Kerry Breen is a news editor at CBSNews.com. A graduate of New York University’s Arthur L. Carter School of Journalism, she previously worked at NBC News’ TODAY Digital. She covers current events, breaking news and issues including substance use.
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The Trump administration is proposing wastewater testing on a national level to try to ferret out data on illegal drug use in real time, according to a draft of a new drug control strategy obtained by CBS News.
The administration also aims to apply artificial intelligence technologies to screen cargo for illicit drugs at ports of entry, examine electronic health records to “identify patients at high risk of overdose” and create search algorithms to detect emerging threats, the plan says.
The White House intends to release the 195-page document next week, sources familiar with the matter said.
A budget for the strategy was not immediately available.
The report comes as U.S. overdose deaths are on the decline after peaking in mid-2023, though they remain well above pre-opioid crisis levels, with over 68,000 deaths reported nationwide in the 12-month period ending in November, according to federal data. But the number of Americans who reported using illicit drugs in the past year ticked up in 2024, mostly due to more marijuana use. And the report describes a landscape of new threats, including fentanyl-laced drugs and newer synthetic drugs.
Marketers of addictive substances, including nicotine, alcohol, marijuana and psychedelics, have adopted “strategies similar to Big Tobacco’s historical targeting of young audiences,” the document says. The report says marijuana products of unprecedented high potency are often “aggressively advertised, and often packaged to appeal to minors.”
It also accuses pop culture of normalizing drug use and says “American society has become increasingly permissive of illicit drug use” in films, music and public use.
The Trump administration will pursue novel surveillance methods to better measure drug use trends, including wastewater testing and biologic specimen testing, the strategy says.
“We will also prioritize establishing new data systems to monitor drug consumption in real-time, through a national wastewater-based monitoring system and biosurveillance. These objective measures will provide timely, localized data on current drug use and trafficking patterns,” it says.
The use of religious faith in treating drug addiction is central in the strategy.
“Secular education and treatment are important, but for those who have faith, adding God into the equation brings in a special power,” the report says. “Faith leaders are encouraged to use their influence and pulpit to promote the social norm of not using drugs and bringing hope and support to those who have the treatable condition of addiction.”
It also calls for more treatment accessibility for Americans, stating that it “should be easier to access treatment than it is to buy illicit drugs.”
The strategy says addiction care should be integrated with other types of medical care, and that such treatment should be “individualized and comprehensive.”
The plan includes support for medication-based treatment for opioid use disorder, and calls for research into possible similar treatments for methamphetamine, cocaine and marijuana.
To prevent fatalities, it says the overdose-reversing medication naloxone “must be as common as having epinephrine to treat an allergic reaction.”
Fentanyl test strips can be an “important tool” that can detect contaminated drugs, it says.
The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Agency, however, recently released a letter stating that test strips cannot be purchased with federal grants.
President Trump has shown support for increasing research into some illicit substances, and recently signed an executive order to make it easier for scientists to study some psychedelics for possible mental health treatments.
Earlier this month, the Justice Department announced it was ordering the rescheduling of certain marijuana products to a lower drug classification, while moving to expedite the process to reclassify marijuana more broadly.
The document stresses law enforcement’s role in stopping the distribution of illicit drugs, and reflects the Trump administration’s crackdown on foreign drug suppliers — such as denoting some cartels as foreign terror organizations and carrying out deadly strikes on alleged drug boats in the Caribbean and Pacific.
Dr. Céline Gounder contributed to this report.