2026年4月22日 10:02 UTC / 路透社
作者：卡伦·弗赖菲尔德
1小时前更新
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2025年8月25日摄插图中的美光商标。路透社/达多·鲁维奇/插图 购买授权，打开新标签页
《MATCH法案》旨在填补对华芯片制造设备出口管制空白
法案将迫使外国芯片设备制造商与美国步调一致
消息人士：美光就出口限制问题游说议员
美光首席执行官与参众两院关键委员会举行会谈
4月22日（路透社）据知情人士透露，美国最大内存芯片制造商美光科技（股票代码：MU.O）正推动美国国会通过立法，对其中国竞争对手用于芯片制造的设备实施新的出口限制。
美国众议院一个委员会将于周三就《MATCH法案》进行投票。该法案旨在填补现有芯片制造设备出口限制的漏洞，同时迫使向中国芯片制造工厂出售设备的外国公司，与拉姆研究（股票代码：LRCX.O）、应用材料（股票代码：AMAT.O）等美国公司一道遵守出口限制措施。
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该法案的目标包括中国长鑫存储（CXMT）、长江存储（YMTC）和中芯国际（股票代码：0981.HK）运营的工厂，以及全国范围内的关键技术领域。
据知情人士透露，美光已向议员们表示，华盛顿需要采取更多措施抑制中国在内存市场的发展。他们表示，美国加大行动力度，必要防止中国像主导太阳能行业及其他领域那样主导内存芯片制造业，这是一个国家安全问题。
美光未回应置评请求。长鑫存储、长江存储和中芯国际均未回应置评请求。
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韩国三星电子（股票代码：005930.KS）和SK海力士（股票代码：000660.KS）目前主导内存芯片市场，美光位居第三，也是美国唯一的主要内存芯片供应商。
尽管美国商务部已对其实施出口限制，长江存储和长鑫存储仍在快速扩张。
长江存储自2022年起被列入贸易限制名单，长鑫存储的先进工厂也受到美国出口管制。
目前草案中的法案将限制更多设备出口至中国——包括目前由荷兰阿斯麦（ASML.AS）主导市场的全国范围浸没式深紫外（DUV）光刻机——并立法规定若外交手段失效时如何实施限制。
该法案还将要求阿斯麦等外国公司在受管制设施维修设备前申请许可证。
消息人士称，美光代表在法案起草过程中始终与议员保持沟通。他们补充称，大约一个月前，美光首席执行官桑杰·梅赫罗特拉与众议院外交事务委员会成员举行了闭门圆桌会议。
据另一位知情人士透露，他上个月还与参议院银行委员会的共和党议员举行了类似的圆桌会议。
总部位于爱达荷州博伊西的美光正在纽约建设大型芯片工厂。一位消息人士称，业内其他公司也在就该法案进行游说，包括东京电子以及美国设备制造商拉姆研究、应用材料和科磊（KLA），这些公司会因出口管制损失销售额。
本月，美国商务部还公布了阿斯麦首席执行官克里斯托夫·富凯与美国商务部长霍华德·卢特尼克会面的照片。
《MATCH法案》只是众议院外交事务委员会周三将表决的众多与出口管制相关的法案之一。其他法案涉及商务部的许可程序、跨部门流程、实体清单、执法和处罚措施。
众议院外交事务委员会一名工作人员称赞此次表决是自2018年《出口管制改革法案》以来该领域最大规模的立法推进行动。
凯特·科伦今年离开了负责出口管制事务的美国商务部工业与安全局（BIS），她表示该局领导层未能履行职责。
“两党似乎都强烈认为，在过去一年里，工业与安全局的运作并未达到应有标准，”现任职于华盛顿战略与国际研究中心的科伦说道。
正如路透社此前报道，该局曾陷入动荡，并在美中贸易谈判缓和期间暂停了新的限制措施。
美国商务部工业与安全局发言人未立即回应置评请求。
如果《MATCH法案》和其他法案在周三获得通过，这也只是它们最终成为法律的其中一步。参议院已提出一项配套法案，最终可能被纳入《国防授权法案》作为修正案。
卡伦·弗赖菲尔德报道；克里斯·桑德斯和大卫·格雷戈里编辑
我们的标准：路透社信托原则
Micron pushes US Congress to crack down on chip tool sales to Chinese rivals, sources say
April 22, 2026 10:02 AM UTC / Reuters
By Karen Freifeld
Updated 1 hour ago
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A Micron logo appears in this illustration taken August 25, 2025. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
MATCH Act aims to close export control gaps on chipmaking equipment for China
Bill would pressure foreign toolmakers to align with US
Micron lobbying lawmakers on export restrictions, sources say
Micron CEO held meetings with key House and Senate panels
April 22(Reuters) – Micron Technology MU.O, the largest U.S. memory chipmaker, is a driving force pushing the U.S. Congress to pass legislation that would put new export restrictions on equipment its Chinese competitors use to make their chips, according to people familiar with the matter.
A U.S. House of Representatives panel on Wednesday is set to vote on the “MATCH Act,” a bill designed to close gaps in restrictions on chipmaking equipment. It would also pressure foreign companies that sell equipment to Chinese chipmaking facilities to align with export curbs on U.S. companies like Lam Research LRCX.O and Applied Materials AMAT.O.
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The bill targets facilities operated by China’s ChangXin Memory Technologies (CXMT), Yangtze Memory Technologies (YMTC), and Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corp 0981.HK, as well as critical technology countrywide.
Micron has told lawmakers that Washington needs to do more to inhibit Chinese development in the memory market, according to people familiar with the matter. They said increased U.S. action is necessary to prevent China from dominating memory chip manufacturing the way it has the solar energy industry and other sectors, and is a national security issue.
Micron did not respond to requests for comment. CXMT, YMTC and SMIC did not respond to requests for comment.
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Korean chipmakers Samsung Electronics 005930.KS and SK Hynix 000660.KS now dominate the memory market, with Micron the No. 3 maker and sole major U.S. supplier.
But YMTC and CXMT are growing fast, despite curbs on exports to them imposed by the U.S. Commerce Department.
YMTC has been on a restricted trade list since 2022. CXMT’s advanced facilities have been subject to U.S. export curbs.
The bill as now drafted would restrict more equipment from going to China — including DUV immersion machines countrywide, a market dominated by Netherlands’ ASML ASML.AS — and legislate how to impose restrictions if diplomacy fails.
It also would require a license for ASML and other foreign companies to service equipment at covered facilities.
Micron representatives have engaged with lawmakers throughout the drafting process, sources said. They added that about a month ago, Micron CEO Sanjay Mehrotra held a closed-door roundtable with members of the House Foreign Affairs Committee.
He held a similar roundtable last month with Republicans on the Senate Banking Committee, according to a person familiar with the matter.
Micron, based in Boise, Idaho, is building a megafacility in New York. Other companies in the industry are also lobbying on the bill, said one source, citing Tokyo Electron and U.S. toolmakers Lam Research, Applied Materials and KLA, who lose sales from export controls.
This month, the Commerce Department also posted photos of ASML CEO Christophe Fouquet meeting with U.S. Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick.
The MATCH Act is only one of many bills tied to export controls to be voted on Wednesday by the House Foreign Affairs Committee. Others target the Commerce Department’s licensing, interagency process, Entity List, enforcement, and penalties.
A House foreign affairs panel staffer touted the slate as the biggest legislative push in the sphere since the Export Control Reform Act of 2018.
Kate Koren, who this year left the U.S. Commerce Department’s Bureau of Industry and Security, which oversees export controls, said the bureau’s leadership has not been doing its job.
“It seems there’s a pretty strong bipartisan consensus that BIS has not really been functioning as it should be over the past year,” said Koren, now at the Washington-based Center for Strategic and International Studies.
As Reuters has reported, the bureau has been in turmoil and held off new restrictions during a detente with China tied to trade talks.
A BIS spokesperson did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
If the MATCH Act and other bills advance on Wednesday, it is only one step toward their potentially becoming law. A companion bill has been introduced in the Senate and may eventually be included as an amendment to the National Defense Authorization Act.
Reporting by Karen Freifeld; editing by Chris Sanders and David Gregorio
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.