2026-04-12T19:17:26-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
今晚，我们将公布一项为期八个月的调查结果，揭露许多美国人从未听说过的危险骗局——这个骗局可能让我们所有人都面临上路风险。
我们的调查足迹遍布佛罗里达州的卡车停靠站，并获取了欧洲的消息源，旨在揭开所谓的“变色龙货运公司”的真面目：这类商业货运车队通常为外资所有并运营，在累积严重安全违规行为、无视联邦法规后，便会改换身份金蝉脱壳。
我们的报道聚焦于“超我控股”（Super Ego Holding）——一家总部位于塞尔维亚和美国的商业货运与租赁公司网络。该公司目前正接受联邦调查，并已被纳入集体诉讼。监管机构和前雇员称其为最臭名昭著的变色龙骗局之一，是我国公路上的一颗定时炸弹。
罗布·卡彭特：变色龙货运公司本质上是一个公司网络，它们不断改头换面，其核心思路就是以盈利为目的：先开办一家货运公司，为了最大限度牟利将其运营到破产。
罗布·卡彭特已经拥有25年卡车司机从业经验。
他如今是一名货运安全顾问，自新冠疫情以来一直在追踪变色龙公司的动向，这类公司的数量在此期间激增。
顾名思义，变色龙货运公司通过更改公司名称以逃避监管，以此规避联邦法规、掩盖糟糕的安全记录。
罗布·卡彭特：当你转战下一家公司时，这么做其实就是为了摆脱之前那家货运公司留下的劣迹，因为过去一年你的运营表现太过糟糕，对吧？于是你就换个新身份，投奔新的货运公司。
比尔·惠特克：直接解散那家公司然后——
罗布·卡彭特：彻底解散——
比尔·惠特克：——给卡车换个新名字继续上路——
罗布·卡彭特：没错。
你可以在另一名卡车司机拍摄的卧底视频中看到这一切有多容易：
同样的司机、同样的卡车、同样糟糕的记录——在这个案例中，只要更换货运公司名称和美国交通部编号——用于追踪货运公司安全历史的联邦识别码——数百条违规记录就被一笔勾销。
罗布·卡彭特：你就不会有任何违规记录，也不会有撞车事故记录。那些客户在决定是否让你承运货物时会仔细审查的内容就都不复存在了。在他们眼里你就是一家干净合规的货运公司。
这类网络通常由东欧、印度和中亚的企业拥有并运营，它们在美国以不同名称和所有者身份设立变色龙货运公司，随后在美国交通部注册，获取最低限额的保险……
罗布·卡彭特：短短21天内，你就能拥有一家货运公司。
比尔·惠特克：就这么简单？
罗布·卡彭特：就这么简单。法律没有要求你开办货运公司必须是美国人。你可以在世界任何地方启动这项业务。花1000美元在线付款，声称你就是你所宣称的身份，你就拥有了一家货运公司。
比尔·惠特克：你知道这类公司总共有多少吗？
罗布·卡彭特：全美共有70万家货运公司。我们姑且这么说——普遍预估有10%到20%的公司属于变色龙货运公司范畴。那就是数千家货运公司。
比尔·惠特克：这太令人震惊了。
罗布·卡彭特：没错。
数千家货运公司累积了数千起安全违规行为——维护不善、超时驾驶、酒驾和毒驾——同时逃避联邦监管。
比尔·惠特克：这到底有多危险？
罗布·卡彭特：我们一直在遭遇撞车事故——无时无刻不在发生。美国还有2.6亿民众在公路上与70万家货运公司共享道路。我们有道义和伦理责任与这些车辆安全共享道路。但如果其中10%到20%的公司都不遵守规则，这就成了大问题。
这个问题是导致2024年超过5300起货车相关死亡事故的原因之一。根据风险评估公司Fusable收集的数据，变色龙货运公司卷入此类撞车事故的概率是普通公司的四倍……
这起事故的肇事者？一辆隶属于名为“超我控股”的网络的牵引拖车。
当时司机车速达到72英里每小时，撞上了一辆校车，造成两名儿童重伤。
根据美国交通部的数据，与超我控股相关的变色龙货运公司在过去两年中累积了近1.5万起安全违规行为和500起事故。
如今，美国联邦机动车安全管理局（FMCSA）仅有350名调查员，负责监管全美公路上的所有70万家货运公司。
比尔·惠特克：这数字看起来完全不成比例。
德里克·巴尔斯：我们正在积极寻求更高效、更有效的调查方法。
德里克·巴尔斯于去年10月接任美国联邦机动车安全管理局局长一职。过去一年，监管机构打击了外国商业卡车司机和造假的商业驾驶学校，并誓言要整治变色龙货运公司。
比尔·惠特克：你们拥有所需的人员和资源吗？
德里克·巴尔斯：我们目前正在招聘额外的40名调查员。我们今年将推出一套新的注册系统——我们现有的系统已经沿用了40年。
比尔·惠特克：我的意思是，这些无赖公司累积了大量安全违规行为，它们属于联邦监管行业，这种情况怎么可能发生？
德里克·巴尔斯：我们面临“前门漏洞”问题，也就是说我们需要在它们真正进入系统之前就阻止它们。
比尔·惠特克：你听说过变色龙货运公司“超我控股”吗？他们在你们的监管雷达上吗？
德里克·巴尔斯：他们是正在进行的调查的一部分。我们根据数据收集确定了十大需要优先调查的公司，他们就在其中。
我们联系了超我控股。该公司律师表示，他们是一家租赁公司而非货运公司，不对关联货运公司和司机的行为负责。但根据我们的调查和法庭文件，事实并非如此。
这个从塞尔维亚延伸到美国的超我控股旗下，是一个庞大但相互协调的公司网络，涵盖货运经纪人、调度员以及牵引车和挂车租赁业务。
子公司负责运营卡车并雇用司机，比如通过租购合同入职的丹尼尔·桑切斯。
丹尼尔·桑切斯：我见过他们有多不在乎你。他们根本不在乎公路上其他任何司机的死活。
丹尼尔·桑切斯在2025年被超我控股招聘时，已经拥有8年商用卡车驾驶经验。
丹尼尔·桑切斯：他们会让你不顾一切去赚钱，不管风险有多大。他们不在乎我会不会收到罚单、会不会进监狱，不管什么原因。第二天他们就会换另一名司机开那辆卡车，继续上路。
比尔·惠特克：这对司机来说不安全。对我们路上的其他人来说也不安全——
丹尼尔·桑切斯：对所有人都不安全。
超我控股品牌的卡车七年前开始在美国各地承运货物。该公司由塞尔维亚企业家亚历山大·米米奇创立，如今已发展成为一家庞大企业，关联二十多家美国货运公司，在伊利诺伊州埃尔姆赫斯特和佛罗里达州杰克逊维尔设有枢纽，客户包括亚马逊、沃尔玛、好市多和美国邮政服务等大型企业。
超我控股通过高调的招聘活动招揽司机，包括丹尼尔·桑切斯。
丹尼尔·桑切斯：他们承诺给你一切。说你每周能挣8到12000美元。
比尔·惠特克：那超我控股兑现过这些承诺吗？
丹尼尔·桑切斯：完全没有。
《60分钟》栏目采访了七名司机，他们表示，塞尔维亚籍管理人员经常通过高额的租赁、保险和维修费用，从他们的工资中克扣数百到数千美元。集体诉讼称这是“欺骗司机的骗局”。
丹尼尔·桑切斯：我回家时工资条上是负数——负数金额。
比尔·惠特克：负数——
丹尼尔·桑切斯：没错，是赤字。我当时每天要开大约600到800英里——
比尔·惠特克：然后你回家——
丹尼尔·桑切斯：一分钱都没拿到。
司机们还告诉我们，该公司会通过篡改运输合同或运价确认单克扣他们的工资。运价确认单是证明经纪人同意支付多少运费的文件，司机可以获得其中一定比例的报酬。
法庭文件显示，左侧的是原始运价确认单，右侧的欺诈版则被削减了700美元，导致卡车司机的薪酬减少——这段调度员与另一名司机的通话记录就揭露了这种行径。
司机：能请你把经纪人发给你的另一份文件发给我吗？
调度员：可以发给你，但为什么？
司机：他跟我说要发一份1500美元的运价确认单。但五分钟后你打电话告诉我只能拿到300美元。你从我这个角度看这像什么？
还记得更换公司名称和交通部编号以掩盖违规行为的骗局吗？桑切斯说他也曾被要求这么做。
比尔·惠特克：你们实际是怎么更改编号和名称的？
丹尼尔·桑切斯：他们会发邮件给你，或者给你发一份包含新名称和交通部编号照片的文件。让你打印出来，买点胶带。然后贴到卡车上。
比尔·惠特克：用胶带。
丹尼尔·桑切斯：对，用胶带。
比尔·惠特克：更换名称和编号。
丹尼尔·桑切斯：没错。那时候看起来就像一辆全新的卡车。
司机们还告诉我们，他们被迫超时驾驶、睡眠不足。
在他们已经累计驾驶11小时——法定最长驾驶时长——后，塞尔维亚的管理人员会非法重置联邦要求的计时设备，正如这段动画展示的那样，给司机重置出新的驾驶时长，这段通话记录也证实了这一点。
司机：要在24小时内下午2点前送货？
调度员：是的，没错。
司机：这太难了！
调度员：我知道，我知道，但我们可以改一下你的计时设备。
丹尼尔·桑切斯：大概按个按钮就行吧，他们不知怎么就能控制那个应用程序，直接重置你的计时时间。把之前的记录抹掉。
比尔·惠特克：你已经开了11小时，需要休息。但他们改了设备，让你看起来好像还没开到11小时？
丹尼尔·桑切斯：没错。有一次我开了——我开了18个小时。我跟他们说，“我不干了，我要睡觉停车。”他们发短信说我们不在乎这个，“除了上厕所和开车，你做别的都不会给你付钱。”
我们在一个未公开的欧洲城市会见了这名举报人——他是塞尔维亚一家超我控股关联公司的前雇员，为保护他的安全，我们改变了他的外貌。
超我控股举报人：他们只关心从司机身上赚钱。根本不关心安全标准。
他证实，公司调度员和管理人员被指示全天候过度压榨和勒索像桑切斯这样的美国司机。
比尔·惠特克：他们会培训你们这么做？
超我控股举报人：是的。他们跟我解释说这是正常操作。
比尔·惠特克：司机们最不满的是什么？
超我控股举报人：他们挣的钱不够付账单。没钱吃饭，没钱付房租。
比尔·惠特克：调度员们——他们会关心司机吗？有同情心吗？
超我控股举报人：他们没有感情——这就是工作。
比尔·惠特克：只是一份工作。然后尽可能从这名司机身上榨取更多钱。
超我控股举报人：没错。让我们老板赚钱比什么都重要。
他告诉我们，从司机身上捞钱甚至成了一项竞争。他贝尔格莱德办公室里贴过类似这样的榜单：他们克扣的钱越多，奖金就越丰厚。
在某个发薪周期，排名第一的调度员从司机工资中克扣了近2.4万美元，占比32%。
比尔·惠特克：你知道这家公司有多少利润是这么来的吗？
超我控股举报人：有的周赚100万美元，有的周赚200万美元。
比尔·惠特克：每周？
超我控股举报人：是的。
由于合规纠纷，丹尼尔·桑切斯在一月份丢了工作，同时失去了他的卡车以及他为购车投入的3.5万美元。
丹尼尔·桑切斯：对我个人来说，这太打击人了。因为这是我的梦想。我想拥有自己的卡车。我以为这家公司会——你懂的——帮我实现目标。他们根本不在乎。对你来说，你根本不是人。对你来说，你就是个数字而已，绝对是这样。
超我控股否认存在任何不当行为，但已有800多名卡车司机就欺诈和违约问题对该公司及其关联公司提起诉讼。
我们关于变色龙货运公司的更多哥伦比亚广播公司新闻调查内容，将于周日上午播出。
由阿什利·维利制作。副制片人：伊丽莎·科斯塔斯。广播助理：玛丽亚·约翰逊。剪辑：迈克尔·蒙古拉。
The trucking companies evading federal safety enforcement and plaguing U.S. highways
2026-04-12T19:17:26-0400 / CBS News
Tonight, the results of an eight-month investigation into a dangerous scheme many Americans have never heard of — a scheme that may be putting all of us at risk on the road.
Our investigation took us to truck stops in Florida and sources in Europe, to examine what are called chameleon carriers — commercial trucking fleets, often foreign-owned and operated, that shed one identity for another after racking up flagrant safety violations and flouting federal regulations.
Our reporting focused on Super Ego Holding — a network of commercial trucking and leasing companies based in Serbia and the U.S. It’s currently under federal investigation and named in a class action lawsuit. Regulators and former employees call it one of the most notorious chameleon schemes — a ticking time bomb on our nation’s roadways.
Rob Carpenter: Chameleon carriers are basically a network of companies and they constantly reincarnate and the idea is we are revenue-focused, we are going to start this trucking company, we are going to run it into the ground to make as much money as we possibly can.
Rob Carpenter has been a trucker for 25 years.
He now is a trucking safety consultant and has been tracking chameleon companies which have surged since the pandemic.
Chameleon carriers, as their name suggests, are commercial trucking operations that skirt federal regulations and escape bad safety records by changing company names to evade detection.
Rob Carpenter: And when you move on to the next, you’re really doing that to try to abandon the history that you’ve created with that other trucking company because you’ve run so poorly in the past year, right? So then you just adopt a new identity and you move on to a new carrier.
Bill Whitaker: Just dissolve that company and–
Rob Carpenter: Just completely dissolve it–
Bill Whitaker: –slap a new name on the truck and move on–
Rob Carpenter: That’s right.
You can see how easy it is in this undercover video, shot by another trucker:
Same drivers, same trucks, same bad records —in this case hundreds of violations erased with the switch of a carrier name and Department of Transportation number – the federal ID used to track a carrier’s safety history.
Rob Carpenter: You’ve got no violations. You’ve got no crashes. Things that people are gonna look at and scrutinize on whether they’re gonna let you haul their freight or not don’t exist. You’re just a clean carrier to them.
Networks often owned and operated from eastern Europe, India and central Asia, set up chameleon carriers in the U.S. with different names and owners, who then register with the Department of Transportation, secure minimal insurance….
Rob Carpenter: And within 21 days, you have a trucking company.
Bill Whitaker: That’s all it takes.
Rob Carpenter: That’s all it takes. There’s no requirement to own a trucking company that you be an American. You can start it from anywhere in the world. $1,000, pay online, say you are who you say you are, and you’ve got a trucking company.
Bill Whitaker: Do you have any idea how many of them there are?
Rob Carpenter: You’ve got 700,000 trucking companies. Let’s just say– the general estimate is 10% to 20% are operating somewhere in that spectrum of chameleon carrier. Thousands of trucking companies.
Bill Whitaker: That’s mind blowing.
Rob Carpenter: Yeah.
Thousands of trucking companies racking up thousands of safety violations – poor maintenance, excessive driving hours, drug and alcohol use – all while evading federal enforcement.
Bill Whitaker: How dangerous is this?
Rob Carpenter: We’re having crashes– all the time. So you’ve got 260 million other Americans on the highway sharing it with 700,000 trucking companies. You have a moral, ethical responsibility to share the road safely with those people. But when you’ve got 10% to 20% that are not doing that, that’s an issue.
An issue that contributed to the more than 5,300 truck-related deaths in 2024. According to data gathered by Fusable – a risk assessment firm, chameleon carriers are four times more likely to be involved in a crash like this….
The culprit in this case? A tractor-trailer tied to a network called Super Ego Holding.
Its driver was going 72 miles an hour when it plowed into this school bus, critically injuring two children.
According to DOT data, chameleon carriers connected to Super Ego have logged almost 15,000 safety violations and 500 accidents in the last two years.
Today, there are only 350 investigators at the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, or FMCSA, overseeing all 700,000 trucking companies on our roads.
Bill Whitaker: Those numbers just seem outta whack.
Derek Barrs: We are actively trying to find ways that we can do investigations more efficiently, more effectively.
Derek Barrs took over as administrator of FMCSA in October. This past year regulators cracked down on foreign commercial truck drivers and fraudulent commercial driving schools, and have vowed to take on chameleon carriers.
Bill Whitaker: Do you have the personnel and the resources you need?
Derek Barrs: We have additional 40 investigators that we’re trying to hire today. We have a new registration system that we will be rolling out this year — the system we have currently is, like, 40 years old.
Bill Whitaker: I mean, you’ve got these rogue companies. They rack up tons of safety violations. They’re a federally regulated industry, how is that possible?
Derek Barrs: We have a front door problem, meaning we need to stop this before they actually get into the system.
Bill Whitaker: Are you familiar with the chameleon carrier company, Super Ego? Are they on your radar?
Derek Barrs: They’re part of an ongoing investigation. We have prioritized companies who, through our data gathering, that are our top ten companies that we need to be investigating.
We reached out to Super Ego. Company lawyers told us its a leasing company not a trucking firm and that it is not responsible for the actions of affiliated carriers and drivers. But according to our investigation and court documents, that’s not the whole story.
Under the Super Ego umbrella that stretches from Serbia to the U.S., is a vast network of separate, but coordinated companies that provide brokers, who book deliveries; dispatchers and leases for tractors and trailers.
Subsidiaries operate the trucks and hire drivers, like Daniel Sanchez, under lease-to-own contracts.
Daniel Sanchez: I’ve seen how much they don’t care about you. They literally don’t care about any other driver on the road at all.
Daniel Sanchez had been driving commercial rigs for eight years when he was recruited by Super Ego in 2025.
Daniel Sanchez: They’d have me go out and do anything to get the money no matter what the risk. They don’t care if I got– a violation or went to jail, whatever, for any reason. The next day, they’d have another driver in that truck and keep on goin’.
Bill Whitaker: Can’t be safe for the driver. Can’t be safe for us on the road–
Daniel Sanchez: Anybody. Anybody.
Super Ego branded trucks started hauling freight across America seven years ago. It was founded by Serbian entrepreneur Aleksandar Mimic and has grown into a sprawling enterprise tied to more than two-dozen U.S.-based carriers, with hubs in Elmhurst, Illinois, and Jacksonville, Florida, and customers as large as Amazon, Walmart, Costco and the United States Postal Service.
Super Ego Holding uses flashy recruitment campaigns to lure drivers, including Daniel Sanchez.
Daniel Sanchez: They promise you the world. They say you can make– 8 to 10 $12,000 a week.
Bill Whitaker: So did Super Ego live up to any of those promises?
Daniel Sanchez: Not at all.
60 Minutes spoke with seven drivers who told us Serbia-based managers routinely skimmed hundreds to thousands of dollars off their pay in excessive fees for their lease, insurance, and repairs. The class action lawsuit calls it “a scheme to defraud drivers.”
Daniel Sanchez: I was coming home with negative– negative amounts in my check.
Bill Whitaker: Negative amounts–
Daniel Sanchez: Negative. Yeah, it was in the red. I was doin’ around 6 to 800 miles a day with that company–
Bill Whitaker: And you come home–
Daniel Sanchez: With zero.
Drivers also told us the company would shortchange them by altering delivery contracts- or rate cons – which confirm how much a broker has agreed to pay to move freight – a percentage of that goes to the driver.
Court documents show this rate con sheet on the left is the original. This fraudulent one on the right shows a cut of $700 resulting in reduced compensation for the trucker – a practice captured in this call between a dispatcher and another driver.
Driver: Can you please send me the other document that the broker sent you?
Dispatcher: Yea, I can send you, but why?
Driver: He told me that he was sending out the rate con for 1500 bucks. And then 5 minutes later you call me and tell me I’m getting 300 bucks. Do you see what it looks like from my point of view?
And remember that shell game of erasing carrier names and DOT numbers to hide violations? Sanchez says he was told to do that too.
Bill Whitaker: How would you physically change the number and the name?
Daniel Sanchez: They’d email you or they’d send you some kind of documentation with a picture of the new name and DOT number. They’d have me print it out buy some duct tape. Come out, put it on the truck.
Bill Whitaker: With duct tape.
Daniel Sanchez: Duct tape, yeah.
Bill Whitaker: Change the name and the number.
Daniel Sanchez: Yeah. Completely new truck at that point.
Drivers also told us they were being pressured to drive more hours with less sleep.
After they’d already logged 11 hours behind the wheel – the legal limit – managers back in Serbia would illegally reset federally mandated time clocks as seen in this animation – to give drivers a fresh set of hours, as heard in this call.
Driver: Delivering 2 p.m. in 24 hours?
Dispatcher: Yeah. Yeah.
Driver: That’s going to be awful difficult!
Dispatcher: Yeah I know, I know, but we can fix your clock.
Daniel Sanchez: By the push of a button, I guess, somehow somewhere they have control of the app where they can just reset your time. Just make it go away.
Bill Whitaker: You’ve driven 11 hours. You’re required to have the down time. And they change the device to make it seem as though you have not finished your 11 hours?
Daniel Sanchez: Yeah. There’s been a time where I drove– I was driving for eight– 18 hours. And I told ’em. I said, “I’m done. I’m going to sleep and parking.” The text message said we don’t care about that, “they’re not payin’ for you to do anything but use the restroom and drive.”
We met this whistleblower – a former employee of a Super Ego affiliated company based in Serbia – in an undisclosed European city and altered his appearance for his protection.
Super Ego Whistleblower: They are only asking about making money from the driver. They don’t take care about safety standards.
He confirmed company dispatchers and managers were told to overwork and extort American drivers like Sanchez at every turn.
Bill Whitaker: They train you to do this?
Super Ego Whistleblower: Yeah. They explain me that it’s normal – a normal thing to do.
Bill Whitaker: What have drivers been most upset about?
Super Ego Whistleblower: They don’t have money enough to pay bills. They don’t have money to eat. They don’t have money to pay rent.
Bill Whitaker: The dispatchers– do they have any concern for the drivers? Any compassion?
Super Ego Whistleblower: They don’t have emotions- it’s job.
Bill Whitaker: Just a job. And you squeeze as much money out of this driver as you can.
Super Ego Whistleblower: Yeah. It’s better to our owner make money than them.
He told us taking money from drivers became a competition. Lists like this were posted inside his Belgrade office. The more they took, the bigger their bonuses.
During this pay period, the top dispatcher cut nearly $24,000 – or 32% from drivers’ pay.
Bill Whitaker: Any idea how much of the company’s profit is earned that way?
Super Ego Whistleblower: some week $1 million, some week $2 millions.
Bill Whitaker: Per week?
Super Ego Whistleblower: Yes.
Due to a compliance dispute, Daniel Sanchez lost his job in January – along with his truck and the $35,000 he’d put toward owning it.
Daniel Sanchez: For me personally, it’s crushing. Cause this is my dream. I wanted to own my own truck. I thought this company was gonna – you know – get me to where I’m trying to be. They just don’t care.You’re not a human being for them. You’re just a number basically for sure that.
Super Ego Holding denies any wrongdoing, but more than 800 truckers are suing it and affiliated companies for fraud and breach of contract.
More of our CBS News investigation into chameleon carriers, coming up on Sunday morning.
Produced by Ashley Velie. Associate produce, Eliza Costas. Broadcast associate, Mariah Johnson. Edited by Michael Mongulla.