2026年4月16日 / 美国东部时间上午11:51 / 哥伦比亚广播公司（CBS）新闻
多名消息人士向哥伦比亚广播公司新闻透露，一款在部分国家用于治疗创伤后应激障碍的致幻药物，预计将迎来美国联邦政府对其安全性和有效性的更严格审查。
白宫正在起草一份行政令，表明特朗普政府愿意推动美国对一种名为伊博加因的药物开展进一步研究。
伊博加因是一种源自非洲本土灌木的天然化合物，可用于治疗抑郁症、焦虑症、成瘾症、创伤后应激障碍以及脑外伤。
由于该药在美国属于非法药物，不少美国人会前往墨西哥或加勒比地区等地的无监管诊所接受该药物治疗。
特朗普政府目前不打算对该药的医疗用途进行重新分类——它仍将被列为第一类管制药品。
两名消息人士称，特朗普总统最快将于本周签署这份行政令。
白宫发言人未立即置评。
多名消息人士透露，此次针对伊博加因的行动旨在为联邦资金打开大门，推动开展更多关于该药在创伤后应激障碍和创伤性脑损伤治疗方面有效性的研究，尤其是针对退伍军人的相关研究。
美国CBS新闻栏目《60分钟》去年曾报道过一个由九名美国退伍军人组成的团体，他们前往墨西哥巴亚尔塔港附近的一个偏远村庄，接受为期一周的致幻疗法疗程，以应对侵入性记忆问题。
得克萨斯州一直在大力推动伊博加因的研究。该州州长格雷格·雅培去年签署法案，批准拨款5000万美元用于相关研究。
一名特朗普政府官员表示，针对伊博加因的医学研究尚处于早期阶段，但政府希望帮助确定该药究竟是“骗人的万应灵药”还是真正有效的治疗手段。
作为第一类管制物质，伊博加因目前被美国毒品 Enforcement 管理局（DEA）与海洛因、摇头丸等被归类为“目前尚无公认医疗用途且滥用潜力极高”的药物归为一类。
目前尚不清楚联邦政府将如何推动进一步研究——相关策略在本周的内部讨论中仍在敲定。
研究人员表示，伊博加因最终可能填补成瘾治疗领域的空白，尤其是在阿片类药物依赖治疗方面，但在被认定对任何病症安全有效之前，还需要开展更多大规模临床试验。
目前关于该药的科学证据大多来自小型观察性研究和开放标签试验，仅完成过一项双盲、安慰剂对照随机临床试验。更高级别的试验目前刚刚启动。
该药最严重的风险在于心脏健康。伊博加因可能引发危险的心律紊乱，甚至致命。2023年的一项针对24项研究、涉及705人的综述显示，尽管伊博加因似乎能减轻戒断症状和渴求感，但心脏毒性和死亡风险“令人担忧”。2023年的报告显示，至少有27人在服用伊博加因后死亡。
在一项针对30名退伍军人的小型研究中，患者接受了伊博加因联合静脉注射镁剂的治疗以保护心脏，期间未报告严重心脏不良事件。这项由斯坦福医学院于去年7月发表的研究发现，在联合使用镁剂保护心脏的前提下，该药可安全减轻退伍军人的创伤后应激障碍、焦虑和抑郁症状。但由于该研究仅纳入30名受试者且未设置安慰剂对照组，尚无足够证据证明镁剂能够可靠降低相关风险。
目前美国人接受伊博加因治疗的国际诊所不受美国监管机构监督，没有标准化的心脏筛查流程、强制监测协议，也没有报告不良事件的义务。
Trump to sign executive order on psychedelic drug used abroad to treat PTSD
April 16, 2026 / 11:51 AM EDT / CBS News
A psychedelic used in some countries to treat post-traumatic stress disorder is expected to get a closer examination from the federal government on its safety and effectiveness, sources told CBS News.
The White House is drafting an executive order that would signal the Trump administration’s willingness to further U.S. research into a drug called ibogaine.
Ibogaine, a naturally occurring compound from a shrub native to Africa, is used to treat depression, anxiety, addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder and brain trauma.
Because it’s illegal in the United States, Americans have been traveling to unregulated clinics, often in Mexico or the Caribbean, to take the drug.
The Trump administration doesn’t plan to reclassify the drug for medical use at this time — it will remain a Schedule I drug.
President Trump intends to sign the executive order as soon as this week, two of the sources said.
White House spokespeople didn’t immediately comment.
The action on ibogaine is meant to open the door to federal funding for further research on its effectiveness with PTSD and traumatic brain injuries, especially among veterans, several sources said.
“60 Minutes” last year covered a group of nine U.S. veterans who traveled to a remote village near Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, for a week-long psychedelic retreat to deal with intrusive memories.
Texas has made a big push to study ibogaine. Gov. Greg Abbott last year signed a bill approving $50 million for research.
Trump officials said the medical research into ibogaine is in an early phase, but the administration wants to help determine whether it’s “snake oil” or a legitimate treatment, one official said.
As a Schedule I substance, ibogaine is currently grouped by the Drug Enforcement Administration alongside heroin, ecstasy and other drugs that have “no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse.”
It was unclear how the federal government would help facilitate further research — strategies were still being hammered out in internal discussions this week.
Researchers say ibogaine could eventually fill a gap in addiction treatment, particularly for opioid dependence, but more large-scale clinical trials are needed before it can be considered safe or effective for any condition.
The scientific evidence behind the drug so far consists mostly of small observational studies and open-label trials. Only one double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial has been completed. More advanced trials are just now getting underway.
The most serious risk is to the heart. Ibogaine can cause dangerous heart rhythm disturbances, which can be fatal. A review in 2023 of 24 studies involving 705 people found that while ibogaine appeared to reduce withdrawal symptoms and craving, toxicity to the heart and risk of death were “worrying.” At least 27 people have died after taking ibogaine, the 2023 report showed.
In a small study of 30 veterans who received ibogaine paired with intravenous magnesium to protect the heart, no serious cardiac events were reported. The study, which was published last July by Stanford Medicine, found that the drug safely reduces post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression in veterans when combined with magnesium to protect the heart. But with only 30 people and no placebo group, there is far too little evidence to know whether magnesium reliably reduces the risk.
The international clinics where Americans currently receive ibogaine operate without U.S. regulatory oversight. There is no standardized heart screening, no required monitoring protocol and no obligation to report adverse events.