2026-05-29 17:58:05 UTC / 路透社
记者：约瑟夫·阿克斯
2026年5月29日 美国东部时间下午5:58 更新于31分钟前
2026年5月8日，美国路易斯安那州巴吞鲁日，在路易斯安那州共和党人推进新国会选区划分方案的公开听证会上，民众在听证室前抗议。路透社/韦扬·巴雷 档案照片
5月29日 路透社 —— 路易斯安那州共和党人周五通过了新的国会选区划分方案，该方案将取消民主党掌控的多数黑人选区，提升了本党在11月中期选举中保住美国众议院席位的胜算。
在美国最高法院4月的裁决大幅削弱了这类选区的法律保护后，该州加入了其他多个共和党主导的南方州的行列，加紧拆分民主党掌控的、黑人选民占比可观的选区。
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该方案已于周四在州众议院获得通过，周五在州参议院以28票赞成、10票反对的党派投票结果获得批准。该法案现已提交给共和党州长杰夫·兰德里，预计他将签署该法案。
根据2024年的选区划分方案，该州6个国会选区中共和党占据4个，该方案是为了遵守联邦《选举权法案》的法院命令，增设第二个黑人选民占多数或接近多数的选区。两名黑人民主党议员分别代表这两个黑人选民占比高的选区。
但最高法院裁定2024年的划分方案属于非法种族选区划分，该裁决为路易斯安那州和其他州瞄准此前享有更严格保护的多数少数族裔选区扫清了障碍。
兰德里将5月16日的美国众议院初选推迟，以便议员们有时间制定新的选区划分方案，该方案将拆分民主党众议员克利奥·菲尔兹位于巴吞鲁日的选区。兰德里发布该命令时，已有数千选民寄出了邮寄选票，民权倡导者当时警告此举会给选民造成混乱和困扰。
民主党议员批评该方案旨在剥夺黑人选民的选举权，而共和党则辩称，他们完全基于党派立场而非种族来划定选区边界。
这场南方选区划分调整浪潮是去年夏天爆发的全国选区划分之争的最新战场。当时，总统唐纳德·特朗普敦促德克萨斯州共和党人重新划分该州国会选区，以针对现任民主党议员。
共和党已成为选区划分调整的赢家，在法律诉讼结果未定的情况下，他们已在多达10个选区获得了优势。
但鉴于特朗普的支持率持续下滑以及选民对生活成本上涨的不满，民主党仍有望在11月的选举中拿下美国众议院的多数席位。
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Louisiana approves new US House map eliminating Democratic majority-Black seat
2026-05-29 17:58:05 UTC / Reuters
By Joseph Ax
May 29, 2026 5:58 PM UTC Updated 31 mins ago
A crowd protest in front of the hearing room, during a public hearing on redistricting as Louisiana Republicans pursue a new congressional voting map ahead of the November midterm elections, in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, U.S., May 8, 2026. REUTERS/Wayan Barre/File Photo
May 29 (Reuters) – Louisiana Republicans on Friday approved a new congressional map that dismantles a Democratic-held, majority-Black seat, boosting their party’s odds of retaining the U.S. House of Representatives in November’s midterm elections.
The state joined several other Republican-led Southern states that have rushed to break up Democratic seats with significant Black populations after the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in April severely weakened legal protections for such districts.
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The map, which passed the state House of Representatives on Thursday, was approved 28-10 by the state Senate on Friday along party lines. The bill now goes to Republican Governor Jeff Landry, who is expected to sign it.
Republicans hold four of the state’s six districts under a map drawn in 2024 to comply with a court order mandating the creation of a second district with a Black majority or near-majority, under the federal Voting Rights Act. Black Democrats represent the two districts with large Black populations.
But the Supreme Court struck down the 2024 map as an illegal racial gerrymander, a ruling that opened the door for Louisiana and other states to take aim at majority-minority districts that had previously enjoyed more robust guardrails.
Landry postponed the May 16 U.S. House primary elections to give lawmakers time to draw the new map, which breaks up Democratic U.S. Representative Cleo Fields’ Baton Rouge-centered district. At the time of Landry’s order, thousands of mail ballots had already been cast, and voting rights advocates warned the decision would cause confusion and chaos for voters.
Democratic lawmakers criticized the map as an effort to disenfranchise Black voters, while Republicans argued that they drew the lines solely based on partisanship, not race.
The wave of Southern redistricting efforts is the latest front in a national redistricting war that started last summer, when President Donald Trump pushed Texas Republicans to redraw the state’s congressional map to target incumbent Democrats.
Republicans have emerged as the redistricting victors, gaining an advantage in as many as 10 seats pending the outcome of legal challenges.
But Democrats remain well positioned to capture a U.S. House majority in November in light of Trump’s sagging approval ratings and voter frustration over rising costs.
Reporting by Joseph Ax Editing by Nick Zieminski
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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