2026年6月7日美国东部时间07:00:36 / 福克斯新闻
专家称30年的“搭便车”行为在人力、装备、技术和专业知识方面造成了巨大赤字
作者：埃弗拉特·拉赫特 福克斯新闻
发布于2026年6月7日美国东部时间早上7:00 | 更新于2026年6月7日美国东部时间早上7:03
https://www.foxnews.com/video/6397669318112
前欧盟司令部官员抨击西班牙，东欧国家加速强军步伐
美国国防民主基金会退役海军少将马克·蒙哥马利表示，北约前线国家正在增加国防开支和军事能力，而一些西欧盟国仍严重依赖美国的安全保障。
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本文是系列报道的第六篇，聚焦北约联盟面临的挑战。
随着唐纳德·特朗普总统施压北约盟国承担更多欧洲国防负担，最靠近俄罗斯的国家行动最快——而西欧一些最大经济体面临着越来越大的追赶压力。
退役海军少将马克·蒙哥马利是美国国防民主基金会高级主任，曾任美国欧洲司令部战略、政策与计划副主任，他表示这种转变在整个北约联盟中已经显现。
“欧洲显然正在加紧强军，但这种努力因地域而异，”蒙哥马利告诉福克斯新闻数字频道。
“如果要问谁做得最多，显然是东欧国家。”
俄罗斯无人机在周五制裁截止日前测试北约第五条集体防御条款
随着唐纳德·特朗普总统施压北约盟国承担更多欧洲国防负担，最靠近俄罗斯的国家行动最快。（布拉卡·阿克布卢特/阿纳多卢通讯社 盖蒂图片社）
蒙哥马利指出，波罗的海国家、波兰、罗马尼亚和保加利亚正在积极采取行动加强对俄罗斯的威慑。
他的评估发布之际，北约盟国正朝着2025年海牙峰会达成的新国防开支基准努力，该基准呼吁成员国到2035年将国内生产总值的5%用于国防和安全相关开支，其中3.5%用于核心国防需求，1.5%用于国防相关基础设施和安全投资。
美国陆军战争学院研究教授约翰·德尼表示，这种趋势并不令人意外。
“考虑到俄罗斯的威胁，东方盟国更快地采购装备，他们的开支甚至比西方盟国更高，”德尼告诉福克斯新闻数字频道。“这并不奇怪，因为他们离威胁最近。”
德尼指出，许多东方盟国正在迅速采购市场上已有的装备，而不是等待数年让国内国防项目成熟。
英德国防官员为应对俄罗斯威胁下的军事建设辩护
唐纳德·特朗普总统与北约秘书长马克·吕特出席2025年6月25日在荷兰海牙举行的北约领导人峰会开幕式。（吕多维克·曼/路透社 泳池摄影）
北约东部和北部翼侧的转型显而易见。波兰已成为北约最大的军事开支国之一，罗马尼亚正在增加国防投资，芬兰和瑞典加入北约后增添了先进军事能力。
国务卿马可·卢比奥周四在参议院外交关系委员会听证会上赞扬了芬兰和瑞典，将它们作为加强联盟的盟国的例子。
“瑞典和芬兰确实做出了贡献，因为它们带来了自己的国防工业和先进技术，”卢比奥说。“它们一直是很棒的合作伙伴。”
在俄罗斯无人机袭击罗马尼亚城市加拉茨造成平民受伤后，联合国安理会召开紧急会议，罗马尼亚外交部长奥安娜-西尔维娅·图伊在接受福克斯新闻数字频道采访时呼应了这一观点。
“我们同意特朗普总统关于增加预算的必要性，”图伊说。
图伊表示，罗马尼亚在特朗普上一任期内将国防开支提高到国内生产总值的2%，并计划明年平均分配3.4%的预算用于军事采购和战略基础设施投资。
五角大楼取消美国装甲旅轮换计划后，波兰寻求答复
“欧洲显然正在加紧强军，但这种努力因地域而异，”退役海军少将马克·蒙哥马利告诉福克斯新闻数字频道。（奥马尔·索哈尼/路透社）
“我们已经启动了针对东翼的举措，因为越来越明显的是，这一区域需要得到保护，”她说。
她认为罗马尼亚的角色不仅仅是国防。
“我们需要更好的威慑力和更强的国防能力，以确保我们不仅履行保护罗马尼亚边境的责任——这是与战争接壤最长的边境——同时这也是欧洲边境和盟国领土的边境，”图伊说。
对于前线国家来说，这种紧迫感既有地理因素，也有政治因素。罗马尼亚与乌克兰接壤，多次遭遇俄罗斯无人机进入其领空。波兰已成为北约最大的军事开支国之一，而波罗的海国家正竞相将国防开支提高到接近国内生产总值的5%。
蒙哥马利表示，东翼的紧迫感与西欧大部分地区的节奏形成鲜明对比。
根据斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所（SIPRI）的数据，在欧洲五大经济体中，尽管2025年军事开支略有下降，但英国仍是相对于国内生产总值最大的投资国，占2.4%，其次是德国（2.3%）、西班牙（2.1%）、法国（2.0%）和意大利（1.9%）。
北约国防开支失衡为何持续数十年
罗马尼亚外交部长奥安娜-西尔维娅·图伊2026年6月1日在联合国总部举行的安理会紧急会议上发言，此前一架俄罗斯军用无人机进入罗马尼亚领空并爆炸，造成平民受伤。（列夫·拉丁/西帕美国通讯社）
“我认为德国是一个大国，开始进行正确类型的投资。”
他认为，德国可以成为欧洲未来国防工业基础的支柱。
“德国发展一个庞大、令人印象深刻的国防工业基础对北约有利，对西方安全有利，甚至对我们的主要承包商也有利，”蒙哥马利说。
德国总理弗里德里希·梅尔茨支持增加国防开支，并支持北约的新开支目标，随着盟国寻求减少对美国的长期依赖，柏林有望成为欧洲未来国防工业基地的枢纽。
但尽管国防预算不断增加，专家警告欧洲仍严重依赖美国的军事能力。
亨利·杰克逊学会高级研究员巴拉克·塞纳表示，欧洲仍依赖美国提供许多现代战争所需的系统。
北约秘书长警告，随着格陵兰岛局势紧张，欧洲无法脱离美国自卫
尽管国防预算不断增加，专家警告欧洲仍严重依赖美国的军事能力。（安德斯·维坎德/TT新闻社 美联社 资料图）
“欧洲严重依赖北约提供战略空运和海运、空中加油、网络能力、太空资产、情报、监视和侦察能力，”塞纳说。
他警告，如果没有这些能力，欧洲军队在重大冲突中将难以保持态势感知。
蒙哥马利表示，欧洲面临三大挑战：扩大军事能力、重建国防工业基础以及开发长期由美国提供的高端支援能力。
五角大楼削减欧洲旅战斗队，特朗普施压北约开支
退役海军少将马克·蒙哥马利指出，波罗的海国家、波兰、罗马尼亚和保加利亚正在积极采取行动加强对俄罗斯的威慑。（库巴·斯特热茨基/路透社）
“当你搭了30年的便车，你就在人力、装备、技术和专业知识方面造成了巨大的赤字，”他说。
“保卫欧洲的主要力量应该是欧洲人，”他说。“美国应该提供额外的部队，以支持机动和进攻行动。”
蒙哥马利还批评了五角大楼据称正在考虑推迟向德国部署远程打击武器并重新考虑未来战斧导弹销售的计划，称这些系统对威慑俄罗斯至关重要。
“这里的目标不是在波罗的海国家或波兰与俄罗斯交战。这里的想法是，我们想要威慑俄罗斯甚至不敢尝试发动攻击。”
展望未来，蒙哥马利对北约的未来保持乐观。
他预测欧洲将继续增加国防开支并扩大国防工业基础，而联盟将从更稳定的跨大西洋关系中受益。
“我认为会有一位美国总统，可能不会像以前那样激怒欧洲人。欧洲会增加投资，”他说。
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2025年8月15日，美国陆军M1艾布拉姆斯主战坦克在波兰华沙举行的武装部队日游行中亮相。（阿尔图尔·维达克/努图片社）
他还预测，北约秘书长马克·吕特将因在重大变革时期帮助维持联盟团结而被铭记。
“我认为五年后，北约会更强大，”他说。“我希望乌克兰能加入进来。”
埃弗拉特·拉赫特是福克斯新闻数字频道记者，报道国际事务和联合国事务。在X平台@efratlachter关注她。新闻线索可发送至efrat.lachter@fox.com。
NATO’s eastern flank races to rearm as Trump pressure exposes Western Europe’s defense gap
2026-06-07 07:00:36 EDT / Fox News
Experts say 30 years of ‘freeloading’ created enormous deficits in people, equipment, technology and know-how
By Efrat Lachter Fox News
Published June 7, 2026 7:00am EDT | Updated June 7, 2026 7:03am EDT
https://www.foxnews.com/video/6397669318112
Former EUCOM official blasts Spain as Eastern Europe steps up
FDD’s Rear Admiral (Ret.) Mark Montgomery says frontline NATO states are increasing defense spending and military capabilities while some Western European allies continue to rely heavily on U.S. security guarantees.
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This is part six of a series examining the challenges confronting the NATO alliance.
As President Donald Trump presses NATO allies to shoulder more of Europe’s defense burden, countries closest to Russia are moving fastest — while some of Western Europe’s biggest economies face growing pressure to catch up.
Retired Rear Adm. Mark Montgomery, senior director at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies and former deputy director for strategy, policy and plans at U.S. European Command, said the shift is already visible across the alliance.
“Europe is clearly stepping up, but they’re stepping up by geographic variation,” Montgomery told Fox News Digital.
“If you ask me who’s doing the most, the Eastern Europeans are clearly.”
RUSSIAN DRONES TEST NATO’S ARTICLE 5 DEFENSE GUARANTEE AHEAD OF FRIDAY SANCTIONS DEADLINE
As President Donald Trump presses NATO allies to shoulder more of Europe’s defense burden, countries closest to Russia are moving fastest.(Burak Akbulut/Anadolu via Getty Images)
Montgomery pointed to the Baltic states, Poland, Romania and Bulgaria as countries moving aggressively to strengthen deterrence against Russia.
His assessment comes as NATO allies work toward a new defense spending benchmark agreed at the 2025 summit in The Hague, which calls on members to invest 5% of GDP in defense and security-related spending by 2035, including 3.5% for core defense requirements and 1.5% for defense-related infrastructure and security investments.
John Deni, a research professor at the U.S. Army War College, said the trend shouldn’t be surprising.
“Given the threat of Russia, allies in the East are acquiring capabilities more quickly, and they’re spending even more than allies in the West,” Deni told Fox News Digital. “This shouldn’t surprise us because they’re the ones closest to the threat.”
Deni noted that many eastern allies are rapidly purchasing equipment already available on the market rather than waiting years for domestic defense programs to mature.
UK, GERMAN DEFENSE OFFICIALS DEFEND MILITARY BUILDUP UNDER RUSSIAN THREATS
President Donald Trump and NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte attend the start of a NATO leaders summit in The Hague, Netherlands, June 25, 2025.(Ludovic Marin/Pool via Reuters)
The transformation is visible across NATO’s eastern and northern flanks. Poland has become one of the alliance’s largest military spenders, Romania is increasing defense investments, and Finland and Sweden have added advanced military capabilities to NATO following their accession.
Secretary of State Marco Rubio praised Finland and Sweden Thursday at the Senate Foreign Relations Committee hearing, using them as examples of allies strengthening the alliance.
“Sweden and Finland have actually contributed because they brought their own defense industry, their own advanced technology,” Rubio said. “They have been great partners.”
Romanian Foreign Minister Oana-Silvia Ţoiu echoed that message in an interview with Fox News Digital following an emergency U.N. Security Council session convened after a Russian drone strike injured civilians in the Romanian city of Galați.
“We do agree with President Trump on the need to increase budgets,” Ţoiu said.
Ţoiu said Romania raised defense spending to 2% of GDP during Trump’s previous term and plans to allocate “an average of 3.4 percent” next year through military procurement and strategic infrastructure investments.
POLAND SEEKS ANSWERS AFTER PENTAGON SCRAPS PLANNED US ARMORED BRIGADE ROTATION
“Europe is clearly stepping up, but they’re stepping up by geographic variation,” Retired Rear Adm. Mark Montgomery told Fox News Digital.(Omar Sobhani/Reuters)
“We have launched initiatives that are directed at the eastern flank because it is increasingly more clear that that needs to be protected,” she said.
She argued that Romania’s role extends beyond national defense.
“We need better deterrence, better defense capabilities there in order to ensure our responsibility in protecting not just the Romanian border, which is the longest border to the war, but also it is in the same time a European border and the border of the Allied territory,” Ţoiu said.
For frontline states, the urgency is driven by geography as much as politics. Romania shares a border with Ukraine and repeatedly has dealt with Russian drones entering its airspace. Poland has become one of NATO’s top military spenders, while the Baltic states are racing toward defense expenditures approaching 5% of GDP.
Montgomery said the eastern flank’s urgency contrasts sharply with the pace in much of Western Europe.
Among the continent’s five largest economies, and despite a slight decrease in military spending in 2025, the U.K. remains the largest investor relative to GDP, with 2.4%, trailed by Germany (2.3%), Spain (2.1%), France (2%) and Italy (1.9%), according to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI).
WHY NATO’S DEFENSE SPENDING IMBALANCE LASTED FOR DECADES
Oana-Silvia Toiu, Romania’s minister for foreign affairs, speaks during an emergency Security Council meeting at the United Nations headquarters in New York on June 1, 2026, after a Russian military drone entered Romanian airspace and exploded, injuring civilians.(Lev Radin/Sipa USA)
“The Germans are the one country, I think, with a large economy that is starting to make the right kind of investments.”
Germany, he argued, could become the backbone of Europe’s future defense industrial base.
“Germany developing a large, impressive defense industrial base is good for NATO, it’s good for Western security, and it’s even good for our primes,” Montgomery said.
German Chancellor Friedrich Merz has embraced higher defense spending and backed NATO’s new spending goals, positioning Berlin as a potential hub for Europe’s future defense industrial base as allies seek to reduce long-term dependence on the United States.
But despite rising defense budgets, experts warn Europe remains heavily dependent on American military capabilities.
Barak Seener, a senior fellow at the Henry Jackson Society, said Europe still relies on the United States for many of the systems required to fight a modern war.
NATO CHIEF WARNS EUROPE CAN’T DEFEND ITSELF WITHOUT US AS TENSIONS RISE OVER GREENLAND
Despite rising defense budgets, experts warn Europe remains heavily dependent on American military capabilities.(Anders Wiklund/TT News Agency via AP, File)
“Europe is heavily dependent on NATO for its strategic airlift and sea lift, its air-to-air refueling, its cyber capabilities, its space assets, its intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance,” Seener said.
Without those capabilities, he warned, European forces would struggle to maintain situational awareness during a major conflict.
Montgomery said Europe faces three major challenges: expanding military capacity, rebuilding its defense industrial base and developing high-end support capabilities that have long been provided by the United States.
PENTAGON CUTS BRIGADE COMBAT TEAMS IN EUROPE AS TRUMP PRESSURES NATO ON SPENDING
Retired Rear Adm. Mark Montgomery pointed to the Baltic states, Poland, Romania and Bulgaria as countries moving aggressively to strengthen deterrence against Russia.(Kuba Stezycki/Reuters)
“When you are freeloading for 30 years, you create enormous deficits in terms of people, equipment, technology and know-how,” he said.
“The primary forces to defend Europe should be European,” he said. “The United States should provide additional forces that allow maneuver and offensive operations.”
Montgomery also criticized reported Pentagon deliberations over delaying long-range strike deployments to Germany and reconsidering future Tomahawk missile sales, arguing the systems are critical for deterring Russia.
“The goal here is not to fight Russia in the Baltics or in Poland. The idea here is we want to deter Russia from even trying to attack.”
Looking ahead, Montgomery remains optimistic about NATO’s future.
Montgomery predicted Europe will continue increasing defense spending and expanding its defense industrial base, while the alliance benefits from steadier transatlantic relations.
“I think you’ll have a U.S. president that probably doesn’t provoke the Europeans as much. You’ll have Europe that’s investing more,” he said.
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U.S. Army M1 Abrams tanks take part in the Armed Forces Day parade in Warsaw, Poland, Aug. 15, 2025.(Artur Widak/NurPhoto)
He also predicted NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte would be remembered for helping hold the alliance together through a period of significant change.
“I think five years from now, NATO will be stronger,” he said. “And I hope we have Ukraine in there.”
Efrat Lachter is a reporter for Fox News Digital covering international affairs and the United Nations. Follow her on X @efratlachter. Stories can be sent to efrat.lachter@fox.com.
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