2026年5月13日 / 美国东部时间下午3:13 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（CBS News）
作者：卡莉·泰特尔鲍姆（Callie Teitelbaum）
特朗普总统本周与中国国家主席习近平举行面对面会晤之际，国会议员们以国家安全担忧为由，呼吁打击中国收购美国农田的能力。
特朗普于周三抵达北京，出席备受期待的与习近平的峰会，预计峰会将聚焦贸易、能源、台湾问题以及伊朗战争。在访华前，两党议员团体提出了一项新法案，旨在堵住他们所称的“危险漏洞”，这些漏洞允许中国等外国对手购买美国军事基地附近的农田和房地产。
“粮食安全就是国家安全，我们绝不能允许中国等外国对手收购我们最敏感的军事和关键基础设施所在地附近的美国农田，”牵头提出该法案的众议院中国问题特别委员会主席、密歇根州共和党众议员约翰·穆尔纳（John Moolenaar）在一份声明中说道。
该法案得到了两党议员的支持，新泽西州众议员乔希·戈特海默（Josh Gottheimer）以及加利福尼亚州众议员朱莉娅·布朗利（Julia Brownley）、吉米·帕内塔（Jimmy Panetta）和迈克·汤普森（Mike Thompson）等民主党人也联名签署。
特朗普政府的一名官员告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，追踪外国土地所有权仍然是一项优先工作，包括审查各州如何汇编相关数据。
根据美国农业部2024年12月的最新评估，美国目前有超过4000万英亩的农业土地由外国实体持有，约占全国总农业用地的2%。中国在美持有的土地不到外国持有土地总量的1%。
去年2月，特朗普总统签署了一份国家安全备忘录，旨在限制中国对美国战略部门的投资，包括科技、医疗和农业领域。白宫发言人奥利维亚·威尔士（Olivia Wales）告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，特朗普“致力于让美国成为投资的首选目的地，同时平衡国家安全利益——确保美国的未来牢牢掌握在美国人手中”。
她补充道：“特朗普总统即将与习近平主席举行的会晤，将以清醒看待当前经济和安全现实的态度推进这些目标。”
美国农业部此前报告称，中国持有最多农业用地的州包括德克萨斯州（123708英亩），其次是北卡罗来纳州（44263英亩）、密苏里州（42905英亩）、佛罗里达州（12555英亩）和弗吉尼亚州（4654英亩）。
总部位于弗吉尼亚州的史密斯菲尔德食品公司（Smithfield Foods Inc.）是全球最大的猪肉生产商之一，2013年被一家中国肉类企业以数十亿美元收购。根据美国农业部的数据，如今史密斯菲尔德公司是美国第二大中国籍农业用地持有者，持有数万英亩土地。
卡托研究所（Cato Institute）是一家自由意志主义智库，其负责总体经济事务的副总裁斯科特·林西科姆（Scott Lincicome）告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，他认为国会议员对中国投资的担忧被夸大了。
“看看美国农业部的最新数据，中国在美农田所有权仅占美国全部农田的极小一部分，”林西科姆说道。
他承认，在军事基地附近的中国土地所有权问题上，“存在合理的安全考量”，但补充称，需要进一步的证据来证明限制财产权是合理的。
“我们永远、永远都要记住，绝大多数此类农田交易的卖家都是美国人，”他说。“因此，这实际上是联邦政府在限制美国公民的财产权。”
哥伦比亚广播公司新闻此前曾报道，美国军事基地附近的中资收购引发了国家安全担忧——促使北达科他州议员在2023年阻止一家中国公司在大福克斯空军基地附近建设玉米加工厂。
![2023年5月18日，位于北达科他州大福克斯的扶风集团玉米加工厂拟建地址。本·布鲁尔（Ben Brewer）/ 彭博社通过盖蒂图片社拍摄]
穆尔纳的法案如果获得通过，将要求美国财政部下属的外国投资委员会审查涉及中国、俄罗斯或其他外国对手的土地收购事宜。该委员会曾在2022年裁定，其对一家中国公司在北达科他州卡瓦尔迪尔太空部队基地和大福克斯空军基地附近购买农田的行为没有管辖权。
“数据报告存在巨大缺口”，使得全面了解美国的外国投资情况变得困难，曾在特朗普首届政府期间于国务院负责美中政策的前国家安全官员大卫·费思（David Feith）告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻。他将相关数据描述为“非常不完整”。
独立无党派机构美国政府问责局2024年1月发现，美国农业部“需要更好地收集、跟踪和共享数据”，并指出该机构依赖各州各县提交的纸质表格。该办公室在报告中称，如果不“改进内部流程，美国农业部就无法向国会或公众 reliably 报告外国人士持有美国农业用地的地点和数量”。
一名美国农业部官员告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，该机构已采取措施加强对外国交易的强制披露，引用了用于提交报告的在线门户和供公众提交信息的在线表格。
2025年的数据“应在2026年底前公布”，该官员说道。
全国农业法律中心（National Agricultural Law Center）的数据显示，目前有数十个州制定了法律，“在一定程度上限制外国对本州私人农业用地的所有权或投资”。近年来限制土地所有权的努力有所增加，例如犹他州，该州共和党州长斯宾塞·考克斯（Spencer Cox）签署了一项法案，扩大了此前的外国投资限制。
这一举措阻碍了犹他州普罗沃机场附近的一笔土地出售，买家是Cirrus Aircraft公司，该公司多数股权由中国国有航空工业集团公司持有。美国农业部和美国农场局联合会此前曾表示，犹他州约有3.4万英亩土地由中国投资者和企业持有。
“中国共产党实体持有的农田总面积可能不大——但这并不是关键所在，”倾向保守派的哈德逊研究所（Hudson Institute）专门研究美中关系的高级研究员迈克尔·索博利克（Michael Sobolik）告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，他补充称，议员们的担忧与这些地产“靠近敏感地点”有关。
“这就是为什么我们需要认真对待这个问题，穆尔纳正在做的事情是好事，”他说道。
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/how-china-could-use-u-s-farmland-to-attack-america/
Lawmakers seek crackdown on China-owned U.S. farmland as Trump meets with Xi Jinping
May 13, 2026 / 3:13 PM EDT / CBS News
By Callie Teitelbaum
President Trump’s face-to-face meeting this week with Chinese President Xi Jinping comes as members of Congress are calling for a crackdown on China’s ability to acquire U.S. farmland, citing national security concerns.
Mr. Trump arrived in Beijing on Wednesday for a highly anticipated summit with Xi, which is expected to focus on trade, energy, Taiwan and the war with Iran. Ahead of his visit, a bipartisan group of lawmakers introduced new legislation that aims to close what they described as “dangerous loopholes” allowing foreign adversaries like China to purchase American farmland and real estate near U.S. military bases.
“Food security is national security, and we cannot allow foreign adversaries like China to buy up American farmland near our most sensitive military and critical infrastructure sites,” Rep. John Moolenaar, a Michigan Republican who heads the Select Committee on China and led the bill’s introduction, said in a statement.
The bill has backing from members of both parties, with Democrats such as New Jersey Rep. Josh Gottheimer and California Reps. Julia Brownley, Jimmy Panetta and Mike Thompson signing on.
A Trump administration official told CBS News that tracking foreign land ownership continues to be a priority, including reviewing how states compile data on the matter.
More than 40 million acres of agricultural land in the U.S., about 2% of the nation’s total, is owned by foreign entities, according to the latest assessment by the Department of Agriculture as of December 2024. Chinese investments amount to less than 1% of foreign-held land in the U.S.
Last February, President Trump signed a national security memorandum that sought to restrict Chinese investments in strategic U.S. sectors, including technology, healthcare and agriculture. White House spokesperson Olivia Wales told CBS News that Mr. Trump “is committed to making the United States a premier destination for investment while balancing national security interests — ensuring that America’s future remains firmly in American hands.”
“President Trump’s upcoming meeting with President Xi will advance these goals with a clear-eyed view of the economic and security realities of today,” she added.
USDA has previously reported that the states with the largest Chinese holdings include Texas (123,708 acres), followed by North Carolina (44,263 acres); Missouri (42,905 acres); Florida (12,555 acres); and Virginia (4,654 acres).
The Virginia-based Smithfield Foods Inc., one of the largest pork producers in the world, was bought by a Chinese meat company in 2013 for billions of dollars. Now, Smithfield Inc. is the second largest Chinese holder of agricultural land in U.S., with tens of thousands of acres, according to USDA.
Scott Lincicome, the vice president of general economics at the Cato Institute, a libertarian think tank, told CBS News he believes the congressional concerns about Chinese investments are overblown.
“If you look at the latest data from the USDA, Chinese ownership of farmland is a tiny, tiny sliver of all U.S. farmland,” Lincicome said.
He acknowledged there is a “justifiable security argument” when it comes to Chinese land ownership in close proximity to military bases, but added there needs to be further evidence to warrant restricting property rights.
“We always, always have to remember that in the vast majority of these farmland transactions, the seller is an American,” he said. “So this is the federal government restricting the property rights of American citizens.”
CBS News previously reported that China-linked acquisitions near U.S. military bases have sparked national security concerns — prompting lawmakers in North Dakota in 2023 to block a Chinese company from building a corn mill near an Air Force base in Grand Forks.
The proposed location of the Fufeng Group corn milling plant in Grand Forks, North Dakota, on May 18, 2023. Ben Brewer / Bloomberg via Getty Images
Moolenaar’s bill, if passed, would require the Treasury Department’s Committee on Foreign Investment in the U.S. to review land purchases that involve China, Russia or other foreign adversaries. The office ruled in 2022 that it had no jurisdiction over a Chinese company’s purchase of farmland in North Dakota near Cavalier Space Force Station and Grand Forks Air Force Base.
“Huge data reporting gaps” have made getting a full picture of foreign investment in the U.S. difficult, David Feith, a former national security official who worked in the State Department on U.S.-China policy during the first Trump administration, told CBS News. He described the data as “very incomplete.”
The Government Accountability Office, an independent and nonpartisan agency, found in January 2024 that the USDA “needs to collect, track, and share the data better,” citing its reliance on paper forms filed in state counties. Without “improving its internal processes, USDA cannot report reliable information to Congress or the public about where and how much U.S. agricultural land is held by foreign persons,” the office said in the report.
A USDA official told CBS News that the agency has taken steps to strengthen mandatory disclosure of foreign transactions, citing an online portal for reports and an online form for the public to submit information.
Data for 2025 “should be available in late 2026,” the official said.
Dozens of states now have laws on the books “that seek to restrict to some degree foreign ownership or investments in private agricultural land within the boundaries of their state,” according to the National Agricultural Law Center. Efforts have picked up in recent years to limit ownership, including in Utah, where its Republican governor, Spencer Cox, signed a bill into law that expanded previous foreign restrictions.
That effort disrupted a land sale in Utah near Provo Airport to Cirrus Aircraft, a company that is majority-owned by the Chinese state-owned Aviation Industry Corporation of China. The Agriculture Department and American Farm Bureau previously said that roughly 34,000 acres in Utah has been owned by Chinese investors and companies.
“Total farmland owned by Chinese Communist Party entities may be small in aggregate — but that isn’t what matters,” Michael Sobolik, a senior fellow at the right-leaning Hudson Institute who specializes in U.S.–China relations, told CBS News, adding that lawmakers’ concerns relate to the properties’ “proximity to sensitive locations.”
“That’s why we need to take this issue seriously, and it’s good that Moolenaar is doing that,” he said.
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/how-china-could-use-u-s-farmland-to-attack-america/
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