2026年4月28日 / 美国东部时间下午1:44 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
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根据美国汽车协会（AAA）的数据，周二每加仑汽油的平均价格达到4.18美元，为中东战争爆发以来的最高水平。
据AAA数据，自2月28日以来，汽油价格已上涨每加仑1.20美元，一夜之间又攀升了近7美分。
此次涨价之前曾有过一段短暂的缓解期：4月9日油价触及近期高点4.17美元后，由于美伊似乎有望达成结束战争的协议，油价有所回落。两国于4月8日达成为期两周的停火协议，特朗普总统此后又将其延长。
然而，近几日谈判似乎失去了动力，快速结束战争的希望破灭，推高了油价。
原油成本占每加仑汽油成本的51%，是决定加油站油价的最大因素。截至周二上午，国际基准原油布伦特原油价格徘徊在每桶111美元左右，而美国基准原油西德克萨斯中质原油价格略低于每桶100美元。
“霍尔木兹海峡尚未重新开放——目前没有重新开放的统一计划，而现在谈判基本陷入停滞，”GasBuddy的石油专家帕特里克·德哈恩说道。“因此油价正缓慢收复停火声明发布后下跌的部分幅度。”
白宫新闻秘书卡罗琳·莱维特周一告诉记者，特朗普总统会见了其国家安全团队，讨论了伊朗提出的一项提案，该提案将允许重新开放霍尔木兹海峡，但会推迟核谈判。不过莱维特表示，她不愿直接说拜登政府正在“考虑”伊朗的这项提案。
德哈恩表示，由于西北印第安纳州一家工厂停电等当地炼油厂问题，密歇根州、威斯康星州、伊利诺伊州和印第安纳州的居民可能会看到加油站油价出现尤其大幅的上涨。他称，加上伊利诺伊州一家工厂的另一处故障，批发汽油价格较4月7日的前高点上涨了约40至50美分。
上涨的油价给美国消费者带来打击
高油价或许是战争爆发以来美国消费者遭遇的最直观的经济打击。
斯坦福大学经济学教授尼尔·马奥尼表示，过去两个月里，如果汽油价格维持在每加仑3美元以下，美国民众本可以少花150美元。马奥尼预测，到今年年底，如果油价按照战前走势发展，美国民众在汽油上的总支出将比现在多出约800美元。
这笔金额足以抵消美国民众今年因去年通过的《一项宏大美好法案》获得的更丰厚的退税。根据美国国税局最新数据，今年平均退税金额较去年增加了333美元。
即便战争结束、霍尔木兹海峡恢复通航，经济学家预测，今年剩余时间里消费者仍可能面临高油价。原油价格飙升后，汽油价格上涨的速度通常远快于油价下跌时回落的速度，这种现象被称为“火箭与羽毛”原则。修复受损的能源基础设施也可能是一项挑战。
“你不能像打开开关那样轻易恢复石油和汽油的供应，”马奥尼说道。
马奥尼预测，夏季期间汽油价格将维持在4美元以上，秋季才会开始回落。
对经济的威胁
专家警告称，随着消费者缩减开支，高油价可能会对经济造成严重冲击，威胁整体GDP增长。每1美元的GDP中约有70美分来自消费者支出。
德哈恩表示，目前消费者还没有减少加油出行，主要是因为每年这个时候他们别无选择。
“现在人们真的没有多少办法削减开支，”他说。“人们还没到度假季，孩子们还在上学，大家都在朝九晚五地工作。”
不过马奥尼指出，随着美国人在汽油上的支出增加，这可能会减少他们在其他领域的消费。柴油价格上涨也可能推高食品和其他消费品的成本，因为运输成本上升。根据AAA的数据，截至周二，柴油价格为每加仑5.46美元，较战争爆发以来上涨了1.70美元。
“能源成本上涨的影响最直接地体现在加油站，但它们会更广泛地推高各类成本，”马奥尼说道。“如果你在搜索暑期度假套餐，会发现机票价格在上涨，而食品杂货价格也同样如此，”他补充道。
Gas prices jump to their highest level since start of Iran war
April 28, 2026 / 1:44 PM EDT / CBS News
By
The average cost of a gallon of gasoline hit $4.18 on Tuesday, according to AAA, the highest level since the war in the Middle East began.
Gasoline prices, which have risen by $1.20 a gallon since Feb. 28, climbed nearly 7 cents overnight, according to AAA.
The latest increase follows a brief period of relief, when prices eased after hitting a recent high of $4.17 on April 9 as the U.S. and Iran appeared to be making progress toward a deal to end the war. The countries agreed to a two-week ceasefire on April 8, which President Trump has since extended.
However, negotiations appear to have lost momentum in recent days, dashing hopes for a quick resolution to the war and sending oil prices higher.
Oil accounts for 51% of the cost of a gallon of gas, making it the biggest factor in determining prices at the pump. As of Tuesday morning, Brent, the international benchmark, was hovering around $111 a barrel, while West Texas Intermediate, the U.S. benchmark, was just below $100 a barrel.
“The Strait of Hormuz is not reopened — there’s no cohesive plan for reopening it — and now negotiations have been basically stopped,” said Patrick De Haan, a petroleum expert at GasBuddy. “So oil’s been slowly recapturing some of what it gave up after the ceasefire was announced.”
White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt told reporters on Monday that President Trump met with his national security team to discuss a proposal from Iran that would allow for the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz, but delay nuclear negotiations. However, Leavitt said she didn’t want to go so far as to say the administration was “considering” the Iranian proposal.
Residents in Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, and Indiana could see a particularly large increase at the pump, due to local refinery issues, such as a power outage at a Northwest Indiana facility, De Haan said. That, along with another snag at an Illinois plant, has pushed wholesale gas prices up by approximately 40 to 50 cents from their previous high on April 7, according to De Haan.
Rising gas prices deliver blow to U.S. consumers
Higher gas prices are perhaps the most visible financial blow U.S. consumers have experienced since the war started.
Over the last two months, Americans have spent $150 more on gas than they would have if it stayed below $3 a gallon, according to Neale Mahoney, an economics professor at Stanford University. By the end of the year, Mahoney predicts Americans will have spent roughly $800 more on gas than they would have if prices followed their pre-war trajectory.
That’s enough to swallow the fatter tax refunds Americans received this year as a result of the “One, Big, Beautiful Bill Act” passed last year. The average refund was up $333 compared to last year, according to the latest IRS data.
Even if the war ends and traffic resumes through the Strait of Hormuz, economists predict consumers will likely be stuck with elevated gas prices for the remainder of the year. Gas prices typically rise much faster after crude spikes than they recede when oil drops, a phenomenon known as the “rockets and feathers” principle. Getting damaged energy infrastructure back online could also pose a challenge.
“You can’t just turn on the supply of oil and gasoline like a switch,” Mahoney said.
Mahoney predicts gas prices will remain above $4 over the summer and then start to come down in the fall.
Threats to the economy
Higher gas prices could take a serious toll on the economy as customers rein in their spending, threatening overall GDP growth, experts have warned. About 70 cents of every $1 of GDP stems from consumer spending.
Customers haven’t pulled back yet on trips to the pump, mainly because they can’t this time of year, according to De Haan.
“There’s not really much opportunity for people right now to cut back,” he said. “People aren’t on vacation, kids are in school, people are doing their nine-to-five grind.”
However, as Americans begin to spend more on gas, that could reduce their spending in other areas, Mahoney noted. Higher diesel prices also threaten to increase the cost of food and other consumer goods as transportation costs grow. As of Tuesday, diesel was $5.46 a gallon, up $1.70 since the war began, according to AAA.
“The impact of higher energy costs is most immediately felt and seen at the pump, but they raise costs more broadly,” Mahoney said. “You’ll see airfares going up if you’re searching for a summer vacation, and we see it in grocery prices,” he added.
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