2026年4月24日 / 美国东部时间下午4:22 / 哥伦比亚广播公司（CBS）新闻
作者：梅根·塞鲁洛
白宫新闻秘书泰勒·罗杰斯周五在X平台上发表声明称，特朗普总统正将琼斯法案豁免权再延长90天，以期在伊朗战争进入第二个月之际压低燃油价格。
该法律要求美国港口之间运输的货物必须使用美国建造、悬挂美国国旗且由美国船员操作的船只。特朗普最初于3月18日签署60天的琼斯法案豁免令，以缓解战争切断全球五分之一石油供应导致能源价格飙升所带来的能源价格上涨压力。
白宫向CBS新闻证实，此次豁免权延长将于美国东部时间5月18日凌晨12点生效。
罗杰斯在X平台上表示：“自首次豁免令发布以来收集的新数据显示，更多的供应能够更快地运抵美国港口。此次豁免权延长为美国和全球经济提供了确定性与稳定性。特朗普政府已采取多项行动缓解能源市场的短期 disruption，此次延长将有助于确保关键能源产品、工业材料和农业必需品的供应稳定。”
白宫补充称，已有超过40艘油轮使用或将使用琼斯法案豁免权，美国港口间的货物运输能力提升了70%以上。白宫还表示，该豁免令已使超过900万桶美国原油运抵国内港口。
该豁免令的利弊
部分专家支持此次豁免令延长，称该法律已经过时，推高了航运成本。卡托研究所（一家自由意志主义智库）赫伯特·A·施泰夫尔贸易政策研究中心副主任科林·格拉博对CBS新闻表示，豁免权延长表明“政府认为该政策正在发挥作用，为国家带来了益处”。
他说：“豁免该法律增加了可用船只的数量。”相比之下，当该法律生效时，美国港口间的货物运输成本会大幅上升。
与之相反，美国近海海事协会周五表示，该豁免令削弱了国内航运业，且未能为消费者带来好处。
“最初的豁免令并未降低汽油价格，实际上美国各个市场的汽油价格都出现了上涨，同时还让那些拒绝支持美国军事行动的北约国家从中获利，”OMSA主席亚伦·史密斯在一份声明中说道。“简单来说，延长豁免令就是出卖我们美国海事行业和海军的根基，以换取石油交易商和外国航运公司的利益。现在正是我们应该加强美国海事运力的时候，而不是削弱它。”
此次豁免令是特朗普政府为抑制能源价格采取的多项举措之一，此前伊朗战争导致石油供应收紧，推高了国内能源成本。
特朗普于3月下令从美国战略石油储备中释放1.72亿桶原油。同月，美国还暂时解除了对购买俄罗斯石油的制裁。但专家表示，重新开放霍尔木兹海峡的油轮通航通道是抑制油价的关键，目前通过该海峡的航运量仍远低于战前水平。
艾米·皮奇 编辑
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/trump-pauses-jones-act-ease-rising-energy-costs/
Trump extends Jones Act waiver for another 90 days
April 24, 2026 / 4:22 PM EDT / CBS News
By Megan Cerullo
President Trump is extending a waiver of the Jones Act for another 90 days in a bid to lower fuel prices as the war in Iran stretches into its second month, White House press secretary Taylor Rogers said in a statement on X on Friday.
The law requires that goods shipped between U.S. ports be carried on vessels that are U.S.-built, -flagged and -crewed. Mr. Trump initially waived the act on March 18 for 60 days to ease energy prices as the war cut off one-fifth of the world’s oil supply, causing energy costs to soar.
The extension will begin at 12 am ET on May 18, the White House confirmed to CBS News.
“New data compiled since the initial waiver was issued revealed that significantly more supply was able to reach U.S. ports faster,” Rogers said on X. “This waiver extension provides both certainty and stability for the U.S. and global economies. The Trump Administration has taken several actions to mitigate short-term disruptions to the energy markets, and this extension will help ensure vital energy products, industrial materials and agricultural necessities are maintained.”
The White House added that more than 40 tankers have used, or will use, the Jones Act waiver, increasing the availability of transporting goods between U.S. ports by more than 70%. It has enabled more than 9 million barrels of U.S. oil to reach domestic ports, the White House added.
Pros and cons of the waiver
Some experts support the waiver and extension, describing the law as outdated and contributing to higher shipping costs. Colin Grabow, associate director at the Herbert A. Stiefel Center for Trade Policy Studies at Cato Institute, a libertarian think tank, told CBS News the extension of the waiver suggests that “the administration thinks it’s working and producing benefits to the country.”
“Waiving the law increases the number of ships available,” he said. By contrast, when the law is in effect, it becomes much costlier to transport goods between U.S. ports.
The American Offshore Maritime Association on Friday, by contrast, said the waiver undermines the domestic shipping industry while failing to deliver benefits to consumers.
“The initial waiver has not reduced gasoline prices, rather prices have increased in every U.S. market while benefiting NATO countries that have refused to support U.S. military operations,” Aaron Smith, president of OMSA, said in a statement. “To put it simply, a waiver extension sells out our American maritime industry and the foundation of our Navy to benefit oil traders and foreign shippers. Now is the time we should strengthen U.S. maritime capacity, not weaken it.”
The waiver is one of a number of steps the Trump administration has taken to try to tame energy prices as the Iran war chokes oil supplies and boosts domestic energy costs.
Mr. Trump in March ordered that 172 million barrels of oil be released from the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve. That same month, the U.S. also temporarily lifted sanctions on the purchase of Russian oil. But experts say reopening the Strait of Hormuz to tanker traffic is essential to keeping a lid on oil prices, with shipping traffic through the Strait remaining well below prewar levels.
Edited by Aimee Picchi
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https://www.cbsnews.com/video/trump-pauses-jones-act-ease-rising-energy-costs/
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