2026-03-31 00:38:01 UTC / 路透社
作者：妮可·乔
2026年3月31日 世界协调时00:38 更新于10分钟前
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2022年3月7日，美国马萨诸塞州萨默维尔市，一名加油站技工握着加油枪，汽油正从枪头滴落。路透社/布莱恩·斯奈德 购买授权，打开新标签页
- 摘要
- 受伊朗冲突和霍尔木兹海峡关闭影响，汽油价格上涨
- 高燃油成本影响美国家庭财务及特朗普的政治声望
- 分析师预计本次危机短于2022年乌克兰冲突
纽约3月30日路透电——油价追踪服务机构GasBuddy的数据显示，周一美国全国汽油零售均价突破每加仑4美元，为三年多来首次。美伊以三国间的战争持续搅动全球能源市场。
上一次美国全国汽油均价达到每加仑4美元是在2022年8月，当时俄罗斯刚入侵乌克兰，这一价位被一些分析师称为消费者的心理防线。随着伊朗基本关闭关键贸易咽喉霍尔木兹海峡，包括生产汽油所需原油在内的多种商品价格均出现上涨。
路透社《能源动态》通讯为您提供全球能源行业的所有重要资讯。点击此处订阅。
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飙升的燃油价格已经开始拖累本就面临成本上涨压力的美国家庭财务。对于总统唐纳德·特朗普及其共和党而言，这也成为11月中期选举前的政治难题，两党正竞逐保住国会两院的微弱多数席位。
特朗普曾承诺降低能源价格并扩大美国油气产量。但截至目前，他的第二任期大部分时间都充斥着市场波动、地缘政治动荡以及关税等议题上的政策摇摆。
自2月底美以袭击伊朗以来，美国全国汽油零售均价已上涨约每加仑1.06美元，涨幅达36%。
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“突发战争会推动美国汽油价格飙升至每加仑4美元。这正是当前伊朗冲突的写照，也是2022年俄罗斯入侵乌克兰时的场景。当时和现在一样，全球油价暴涨，各国启用了紧急石油储备。但我们预计本次危机持续时间更短：2022年汽油价格维持在4美元以上长达23周，而我们预计未来几周油价就将开始回落。”雷蒙德·詹姆斯分析师帕维尔·莫尔恰诺夫说道。
不过，如果原油价格持续飙升，加油站油价可能进一步上涨。自战争爆发以来，美国原油期货价格大幅上涨，周一结算价报每桶102.88美元，上涨3.24美元。在科威特宣布一艘油轮在迪拜港口遇袭后，亚洲交易时段油价又跃升逾3美元。
随着战争持续，特朗普政府已采取措施缓解能源价格上涨，包括豁免《琼斯法案》航运条款。这一豁免临时允许悬挂外国国旗的船舶在美国港口之间运输燃料、化肥和其他商品。业内人士预计，此举对抑制价格上涨的效果微乎其微。
高企的汽油价格已经在挤压美国家庭财务。路透社/益普索的一项民调显示，约55%的受访者表示，汽油价格上涨至少对他们的家庭财务造成了“一定程度”的影响。在受到影响的受访者中，21%表示财务受到“极大”冲击。
“关键问题不只是原油本身。汽油是消费者在经济中最直观感受到的价格，一旦油价上涨，会立刻冲击民众心理。”惠誉智库经济学家杰里米·西格尔在一份报告中表示，“即便更广泛的经济影响不如头条新闻中那般严重，这一点依然至关重要。”
妮可·乔在纽约、诺埃尔·约翰在班加罗尔报道；莉兹·汉普顿和林肯·费斯特编辑。
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US pump prices hit $4 a gallon as Iran war wreaks havoc on global energy supply
2026-03-31 00:38:01 UTC / Reuters
By Nicole Jao
March 31, 2026 12:38 AM UTC Updated 10 mins ago
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A gas station mechanic holds a nozzle connected to a gas pump as a gasoline drips out in Somerville, Massachusetts, U.S., March 7, 2022. REUTERS/Brian Snyder Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
- Gasoline prices rise due to Iran conflict and Strait of Hormuz closure
- High fuel costs impact US households and Trump’s political standing
- Analysts expect crisis to be shorter than 2022 Ukraine conflict
NEW YORK, March 30 (Reuters) – The U.S. national average retail price of gasoline crossed $4 a gallon for the first time in more than three years on Monday, data from price tracking services GasBuddy showed, as the U.S.-Israeli war with Iran continued to roil global energy markets.
The $4 per gallon milestone was last reached in August 2022 following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and represents what some analysts have called a psychological barrier for consumers. Prices for many goods are climbing, including oil used to make gasoline, following Iran’s essential closure of the Strait of Hormuz, a key trade chokepoint.
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Surging fuel prices have started to weigh on U.S. household finances, which were already grappling with rising costs. They have also become a political headache for President Donald Trump and his Republican Party ahead of the November midterm elections, as they campaign to hold onto thin majorities in the U.S. Congress.
Trump had vowed to lower energy prices and ramp up U.S. oil and gas production. But so far, much of his second term has been marked by volatile markets, geopolitical turmoil and shifting policies on issues such as tariffs.
U.S. national average retail gasoline prices have climbed about $1.06 a gallon, or 36%, since the U.S. and Israel attacked Iran at the end of February.
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“A sudden outbreak of war leads to a spike in US gasoline to $4.00 per gallon. That describes the current Iran conflict – and also Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Then, as now, oil prices soared around the world, and emergency oil stockpiles were tapped. But we envision this crisis being shorter: whereas gas stayed above $4.00 for 23 weeks in 2022, we expect prices starting to cool in the next few weeks,” said Raymond James analyst Pavel Molchanov.
Still, pump prices could climb further if crude oil prices continue to surge. U.S. oil futures have surged since the war began, settling at $102.88 a barrel on Monday, up $3.24. They jumped over $3 in Asian trading after Kuwait said an oil tanker was attacked at a Dubai port.
The Trump administration has taken steps to assuage the rise in energy prices as the war has dragged on, including a of the Jones Act shipping law. The waiver temporarily allows foreign-flagged vessels to move fuel, fertilizer and other goods between U.S. ports. Industry insiders expect it to have only a marginal impact on price increases.
High gasoline prices are already squeezing U.S. household finances. Some 55% of respondents in a Reuters/Ipsos poll said their household finances had taken at least “somewhat” of a toll from the increases in gas prices. Among those seeing an impact, 21% said their finances were affected “a great deal.”
“The key issue is not simply crude oil itself. It is gasoline, the most visible price in the economy for consumers, and when that price jumps it hits psychology immediately,” Jeremy Siegel, economist at WisdomTree, said in a note. “That matters, even if the broader economic effect is more balanced than the headlines.”
Reporting by Nicole Jao in New York and Noel John in Bengaluru; Editing by Liz Hampton and Lincoln Feast.
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