2026年2月18日 / 美国东部时间晚上10:59 / CBS新闻
据美国哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（CBS News）获得的一份周三发布的政府备忘录显示，特朗普政府已赋予移民和海关执法局（ICE）更广泛的权力，以拘留尚未获得美国永久居留权的合法难民。这是其最新举措，旨在更严格地审查非法和合法移民。
这份日期为2月18日的指示由政府律师在周三提交给联邦法院的文件中提出，要求ICE拘留那些合法进入美国但在入境一年后尚未正式获得永久居留权（即绿卡）的难民。
难民是指那些证明因种族、宗教、国籍、政治观点或社会群体成员身份等原因在家乡遭受迫害而获得美国安全庇护的移民。
历史上，美国每年安置数万名难民，其中大多数人在抵达美国之前需在海外难民营经历长达数年的审查流程。但特朗普政府实际上已关闭了美国的难民安置项目，仅对包括Afrikaners（南非白人）在内的部分群体有限度地豁免，官员声称这些人是为逃离南非的种族压迫而移民。
最新政策针对的是已被带到美国的难民。根据联邦法律，难民需在抵达美国后一年内申请绿卡。
通过这份新备忘录，特朗普政府辩称，那些在入境一年后仍未成为美国永久居民的难民必须回到政府监管下，接受案件审查和重新筛查。该指示由代理ICE主任托德·莱昂斯（Todd Lyons）和美国公民及移民服务局（USCIS）主任约瑟夫·埃德洛（Joseph Edlow）发布，后者还负责监管绿卡申请流程。
备忘录称，这些难民可以通过前往移民局办公室参加面试，自愿返回政府监管。但如果他们不这样做，ICE必须找到他们、逮捕并拘留他们。
备忘录中写道：“[美国国土安全部]必须将一年期限视为所有未调整为[合法永久居民]身份的难民的强制性重新审查点，确保他们要么按计划‘返回’拘留所接受检查，要么（如果不遵守）通过执法行动‘被送回’拘留所。”
该指示赋予ICE在“检查和审查过程中”“维持对这些难民的拘留”的权力。官员表示，这种审查旨在确定难民是否通过欺诈手段获得难民身份，或因与恐怖主义的潜在联系或严重犯罪记录而对国家安全或公共安全构成威胁。
备忘录称，在此次审查中引起注意的难民可能会被剥夺合法身份并被处理驱逐。
[阅读备忘录]
这一指示逆转了ICE长期以来的政策，即过去规定难民在入境一年内未能获得绿卡本身并不构成拘留他们的合法法律理由。此前的政策还要求ICE在拘留难民后48小时内决定是否释放他们或启动驱逐程序，如果官员发现任何有效的驱逐理由。
特朗普政府采取了前所未有的步骤，重新审查那些先前在美国获得合法身份的人的移民案件。据CBS新闻此前报道，去年11月，政府指示移民官员审查前总统乔·拜登（Joe Biden）任内接纳的难民案件，在某些情况下可能会重新采访他们，以确定他们是否符合难民的法律定义。
虽然其对非法移民的打击行动引起了更多关注和争议，但特朗普政府还在悄然但全面地收紧合法移民渠道，通常以国家安全为理由为这些举措辩护。
在华盛顿特区感恩节周发生两名国民警卫队成员枪击事件后（据称凶手是阿富汗国民），美国公民及移民服务局暂停了来自数十个被认定为“高风险”国家的移民的所有合法移民申请。
去年年底，特朗普政府发起了一项名为“PARRIS行动”的举措，重新审查明尼苏达州数千名难民的案件。此举恰逢数千名联邦移民特工被部署到明尼阿波利斯地区。律师报告称，明尼苏达州被拘留的难民被飞往得克萨斯州关押和讯问，直到联邦法官中止了该行动。
政府辩称，其努力旨在缓解某些难民带来的国家安全和公共安全担忧。移民权益倡导者表示，这场运动是基于可疑的安全或欺诈指控以及有问题的法律理由，惩罚那些在逃离战区和暴力后合法进入美国的人。
“这项政策显然是为了拘留并可能驱逐数千名在美国合法居留的人，这些人是美国政府在多年严格审查后本身欢迎的，”帮助难民安置的人道主义组织HIAS首席执行官贝丝·奥本海姆（Beth Oppenheim）说。HIAS正在挑战特朗普政府拘留部分难民的做法。
Trump administration gives ICE broader powers to detain legal refugees, citing security concerns
February 18, 2026 / 10:59 PM EST / CBS News
The Trump administration has given Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers broader powers to detain lawful refugees who have yet to secure permanent U.S. residency, in its latest effort to more heavily scrutinize immigrants, illegal and legal alike, according to a government memo issued Wednesday and obtained by CBS News
The directive, dated Feb. 18 and submitted by government lawyers in a federal court filing on Wednesday, instructs ICE to detain refugees who entered the U.S. lawfully but who have not formally obtained permanent residency — also known as green card — a year after their admission.
Refugees are immigrants granted a safe haven in the U.S. after proving they are fleeing persecution in their home countries due to their race, religion, nationality, political views or membership in a social group.
Historically, the U.S. has resettled tens of thousands of refugees annually, most of whom undergo a years-long vetting process in refugee camps overseas before reaching American soil. But the Trump administration has virtually shut down the U.S. refugee program, making limited exemptions for some groups, including Afrikaners whom officials have claimed are escaping racial oppression in South Africa because they are White.
The latest policy targets refugees already brought to the U.S. Under federal law, refugees are required to apply for a green card within a year of their arrival.
Through the new memo, the Trump administration is arguing that those refugees who have not become permanent U.S. residents a year after coming to the country must return to government custody to have their cases reviewed and re-screened. The directive was issued by acting ICE Director Todd Lyons and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services Director Joseph Edlow, who, among other things, oversees the green card process.
The memo says these refugees can return to government custody voluntarily by appearing for an interview at an immigration office. But if they don’t, the memo says, ICE must find, arrest and detain them.
“[The Department of Homeland Security] must treat the one-year mark as a mandatory re-vetting point for all refugees who have not adjusted to [Lawful Permanent Resident] status, ensuring either that they are scheduled to ‘return’ to custody for inspection or, if they do not comply, that they be ‘returned’ to custody through enforcement action,” the memo reads.
The directive gives ICE the power to “maintain custody” of these refugees “for the duration of the inspection and examination process.” That review, officials said, is designed to determine whether refugees obtained their refugee status through fraud or whether they pose a threat to national security or public safety, because of potential ties to terrorism or serious criminal histories.
The memo says refugees who raise red flags during this examination may be stripped of their legal status and processed for deportation.
Read the memo
The directive reverses longstanding ICE policy that stipulated that refugees’ failure to get a green card within a year of their admission was not, by itself, a legitimate legal reason to detain them. The prior policy also required ICE to decide, within 48 hours of detaining a refugee, to release them or place them in deportation proceedings if officials found any valid deportation grounds.
The Trump administration has taken unprecedented steps to reopen and reexamine the immigration cases of people who were previously granted legal status in the United States. In November, the administration directed immigration officials to review the cases of refugees admitted under former President Joe Biden, potentially reinterviewing them in some cases to determine whether they meet the legal definition of a refugee, CBS News previously reported.
While its crackdown on illegal immigration has garnered more attention and controversy, the Trump administration has mounted a quieter, yet still sweeping effort to tighten legal immigration channels, usually justifying the moves on national security grounds.
After the Thanksgiving week shooting of two National Guard members in Washington, D.C. — allegedly at the hands of an Afghan national — USCIS has paused all legal immigration applications filed by immigrants from dozens of countries identified as “high risk.”
Late last year, the Trump administration launched an effort, dubbed Operation PARRIS, to reexamine the cases of thousands of refugees in Minnesota. The move coincided with the deployment of thousands of federal immigration agents to the Minneapolis region. Lawyers reported cases of refugees detained in Minnesota being flown to Texas to be held and questioned there, before a federal judge curtailed the operation.
The administration argues its efforts are designed to mitigate national security and public safety concerns involving some refugees. Advocates for immigrants say the campaign is punishing people who came to the U.S. legally, after fleeing warzones and violence, on dubious security or fraud allegations and questionable legal grounds.
“This policy is a transparent effort to detain and potentially deport thousands of people who are legally present in this country, people the U.S. government itself welcomed after years of extreme vetting,” said Beth Oppenheim, the CEO of HIAS, a humanitarian group that helps resettle refugees and is challenging the Trump administration’s effort to detain some refugees.