法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙周四呼吁中东立即降温，随着该地区冲突升级，他敦促美国和以色列停止对关键基础设施的打击。
“法国呼吁立即暂停针对民用基础设施的打击，无论其与水或能源相关，”马克龙在X平台上写道，强调法国推动外交努力，而美国和以色列则强调对伊朗及其代理人施加军事压力。”必须恢复航行自由和安全。”
总统唐纳德·特朗普最近对法国的角色态度复杂，称他已与马克龙通话，并谨慎乐观地认为巴黎最终会帮助确保霍尔木兹海峡（全球石油和能源供应的关键航运路线）的安全。
多国盟友在中东紧张局势升级之际拒绝美国对霍尔木兹海峡的支持请求
总统唐纳德·特朗普周四对法国的角色态度复杂。(Win McNamee/Getty Images)
在”0到10的评分中”，特朗普称马克龙”表现为8分”。
“并不完美，但这是法国“，他在周一白宫新闻发布会上表示。
特朗普继续表示，他相信马克龙”将在确保霍尔木兹海峡安全方面提供帮助”，但补充道：”我没有强硬推销他们，因为我的态度是我们不需要任何人。我们是世界上最强大的国家。”
“我几乎要这么做…因为我想看看他们的反应，”特朗普暗示美国也在测试其盟友。
他警告称，在未来危机中，”我多年来一直说，如果我们真的需要他们，他们不会在那里。不是所有人都这样，但他们不会在那里。”
这种分歧反映了塑造冲突的更广泛问题：外交是否能够遏制伊朗的地区网络，或者是否需要武力来摧毁它。
卫星图像显示霍尔木兹海峡，这是连接波斯湾和阿曼湾的关键海上通道，对全球能源供应至关重要。(Amanda Macias/Fox News Digital)
这种紧张局势在霍尔木兹海峡表现得最为明显。该海峡位于伊朗和阿曼之间，是世界上最关键的能源瓶颈之一，每天约有五分之一的全球石油供应通过这里。
近几周，伊朗通过无人机、导弹和海军威胁中断了海峡的交通，随着商船减速和全球能源市场面临越来越多的不确定性，人们担心会引发更广泛的经济冲击。
马克龙表示，法国”在当前局势下永远不会参与开放或解放该关键水道的行动”，强调法国”不是冲突的一方”。
相反，巴黎提议在敌对行动停止后，与地区参与者协调护送商业船只。
与此同时，包括法国在内的欧洲盟友表示，他们并未完全退出确保这条战略水道安全的努力。
英国、法国、德国、意大利、荷兰和日本领导人周四在联合声明中表示”准备为确保霍尔木兹海峡安全航行的适当努力做出贡献”，同时呼吁伊朗”立即停止对商业航运的威胁”。
一位欧洲外交官告诉福克斯新闻，英国正在领导一项外交努力，在欧洲和海湾合作伙伴中建立支持协调响应的基础，目前正在讨论如何构建此类任务。
北约核心成员对霍尔木兹海峡任务持谨慎态度，特朗普警告联盟面临风险
3月10日至11日夜间，以色列空袭贝鲁特南部郊区的一个目标时，火球升起。(Fadel Itani / AFP via Getty Images)
然而，据外交官称，欧洲官员在时机问题上仍存在分歧，担心在敌对行动期间启动此类行动可能会将新的高价值目标引入冲突。
法国在伊朗相关战线上推动外交
在2月下旬美国和以色列对伊朗发动打击后，真主党这个伊朗支持的激进组织开始袭击以色列，黎巴嫩已成为战争的第二个战线。
该组织从黎巴嫩南部发射火箭弹和无人机，引发以色列的报复性打击，使冲突升级为与伊朗及其代理网络直接相关的更广泛地区对抗。
在与直接军事参与保持距离的同时，法国正在黎巴嫩加强外交推动，在黎巴嫩总统约瑟夫·奥恩表示愿意进行谈判后，敦促以色列和贝鲁特进行直接谈判。
法国官员认为这是”稳定边境和防止进一步升级的机会窗口”，认为双方都有兴趣防止黎巴嫩成为袭击以色列的发射台。
但以色列官员强烈反对，认为在真主党仍然武装并活跃的情况下，外交无法成功。
以色列国防军周四表示，自真主党在打击伊朗政权后加入战斗以来，该组织已向以色列发射了数百枚火箭弹、导弹和无人机。
以色列外交部长吉迪恩·萨尔表示，以色列最近几周一直遭受来自黎巴嫩领土的持续袭击。
“自3月2日以来，以色列已从黎巴嫩领土遭受2000多次导弹和无人机袭击，”他周二在X平台上写道https://x.com/gidonsaar/status/2034318853023617486?s=20。
萨尔警告称，这场危机超出了地区范围，将海上航线中断称为”危害全球经济的海上恐怖主义”。
尽管表示愿意与黎巴嫩实现关系正常化，但萨尔明确表示真主党仍是主要障碍。
“障碍是真主党，”他说，并补充说贝鲁特必须对该组织的武器、资金和领导层采取”有意义的行动”。
分析师表示，法国推动外交与以色列安全要求之间的差距反映了一个长期存在的更深层次结构性问题。
“法国有潜在影响力但从未使用…基本上是用胡萝卜，”大卫·申克表示，他曾是美国负责近东事务的助理国务卿，在第一任特朗普政府期间负责黎巴嫩政策，现在是华盛顿近东政策研究所阿拉伯政治项目主任。
他认为巴黎未能利用其影响力向真主党或其支持者施压。
申克表示，黎巴嫩政府与以色列之间的直接谈判可能有用，但他质疑这是否会改变实地现实。
“我不认为停火本身能改变现状，”他说。
在伊朗打击行动48小时内，真主党从黎巴嫩向以色列北部发射远程导弹，在”史诗般的愤怒行动”中升级了不断扩大的冲突。(Hadi Mizban/AP)
黎巴嫩领导人多次承诺要维护国家对武器的垄断，但”他们实际上并没有做太多”，申克补充说，考虑到真主党的反对，”没有任何信心”他们会采取行动。
他表示，甚至黎巴嫩军队也表明了其局限性，优先考虑”国家团结和军队安全高于解除武装”。
在实地，局势继续迅速恶化。
黎巴嫩的暴力事件自伊朗战争开始以来急剧增加。
“黎巴嫩的暴力事件增加了400%，”武装冲突地点与事件数据（ACLED）研究员巴塞尔·杜伊克表示，以色列的打击和真主党的冲突已使至少100万人流离失所。
杜伊克表示，以色列似乎寻求在黎巴嫩利塔尼河以南建立缓冲区，警告升级可能导致”类似于1982年的南黎巴嫩再次被占领”。
与此同时，长期得到伊朗支持的真主党继续在黎巴嫩境内作为一支强大的武装力量运作，使达成任何持久政治解决方案的努力复杂化。
法国多年来在黎巴嫩发挥了领导外交作用，包括支持联合国驻黎巴嫩临时部队（UNIFIL）。但该任务面临越来越多的挑战，包括行动限制和人员袭击，引发了对其有效性的批评。
批评者认为，反复的外交举措未能遏制真主党的军事集结，使以色列对新提案日益怀疑。
2024年12月7日，法国巴黎爱丽舍宫，法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙会见当选总统唐纳德·特朗普。特朗普是本周末众多外国政要之一，参加了巴黎圣母院大教堂的重新开放仪式，距离该教堂在一场重大火灾中受损已超过五年。(Oleg Nikishin/Getty Images)
“法国擅长使用胡萝卜外交，”申克说，认为巴黎尽管在黎巴嫩有影响力，但不愿施加压力。
但他补充说，跨大西洋分歧并非完全单方面。
“这是一场由以色列和美国发起的战争，他们对此有分歧，”他指出，保护通过霍尔木兹海峡的全球能源流动应该是”国际责任”。
埃弗拉特·拉赫特是福克斯新闻数字版的外交记者，报道国际事务和联合国。在X平台关注她@efratlachter。故事可发送至efrat.lachter@fox.com。
French President Emmanuel Macron on Thursday called for an immediate de-escalation in the Middle East, urging a halt to U.S.–Israeli strikes on critical infrastructure as fighting intensifies across the region.
“France calls for the immediate implementation of a moratorium on strikes targeting civilian infrastructure, whether related to water or to energy,” Macron wrote on X, reinforcing France’s push for diplomacy even as the United States and Israel emphasize military pressure against Iran and its proxies. “Freedom and security of navigation must be restored.”
President Donald Trump recently struck a mixed tone on France’s role, saying he had spoken with Macron and was cautiously optimistic Paris ultimately would help secure the Strait of Hormuz, a critical global shipping route for oil and energy supplies.
MULTIPLE ALLIES DECLINE US CALLS FOR STRAIT OF HORMUZ SUPPORT AMID RISING MIDDLE EAST TENSIONS
President Donald Trump struck a mixed tone on France’s role Thursday.(Win McNamee/Getty Images)
On “a scale of 0 to 10,” Trump said Macron had been “an eight.”
“Not perfect, but it’s France,” he said at a press briefing in the White House Monday.
Trump went on to say he believes Macron “is going to help” regarding securing the Strait of Hormuz, but added, “I don’t do a hard sell on them because my attitude is we don’t need anybody. We’re the strongest nation in the world.”
“I’m almost doing it … because I want to find out how they react,” Trump said, suggesting the U.S. is also testing its allies.
In a future crisis, he warned, “I’ve been saying for years that if we ever did need them, they won’t be there. Not all of them, but they won’t be there.”
The divide reflects a broader question shaping the conflict: whether diplomacy can contain Iran’s regional network, or whether force is required to dismantle it.
WORLD LEADERS SPLIT OVER MILITARY ACTION AS US-ISRAEL STRIKE IRAN IN COORDINATED OPERATION
A satellite image shows the Strait of Hormuz, a key maritime passage connecting the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman, vital for global energy supply.(Amanda Macias/Fox News Digital)
That tension is playing out most clearly over the Strait of Hormuz, a narrow waterway between Iran and Oman that serves as one of the world’s most critical energy choke points, with roughly one-fifth of global oil supplies passing through it each day.
In recent weeks, Iran has disrupted traffic through the strait with drone, missile and naval threats, raising fears of a broader economic shock as commercial shipping slows and global energy markets face increasing uncertainty.
Macron said France “will never take part in operations to open or free” the critical waterway “in the current context,” emphasizing that France is “not a party to the conflict.”
Paris instead has proposed escorting commercial vessels only after hostilities subside, in coordination with regional actors.
At the same time, European allies — including France — signaled they are not entirely stepping back from efforts to secure the strategic waterway.
Leaders of the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and Japan expressed in a joint statement released Thursday a “readiness to contribute to appropriate efforts” to ensure safe passage through the Strait of Hormuz, while calling on Iran to “cease immediately its threats” against commercial shipping.
A European diplomat told Fox News that the United Kingdom is leading a diplomatic effort to build support among European and Gulf partners for a coordinated response, with discussions underway on how such a mission could be structured.
NATO HEAVYWEIGHTS BALK AT HORMUZ MISSION AS TRUMP WARNS ALLIANCE AT RISK
A fireball rises from the site of an Israeli airstrike that targeted an area in Beirut’s southern suburbs overnight March 10 to March 11, 2026.(Fadel itani / AFP via Getty Images)
However, European officials remain divided over timing, with concerns that launching such an effort during active hostilities could introduce new high-value targets into the conflict, according to the diplomat.
France pushes diplomacy across Iran-linked fronts
Lebanon has emerged as a second front in the war after Hezbollah, the Iran-backed militant group, began attacking Israel following U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iran in late February.
The group launched rockets and drones from southern Lebanon, prompting Israeli retaliatory strikes and escalating the conflict into a broader regional confrontation tied directly to Tehran, Iran, and its proxy network.
While distancing itself from direct military involvement, France is intensifying its diplomatic push in Lebanon, urging direct negotiations between Israel and Beirut following signals from Lebanese President Joseph Aoun that he is open to talks.
French officials view this as a “window of opportunity” to stabilize the border and prevent further escalation, arguing that both sides share an interest in preventing Lebanon from becoming a launchpad for attacks against Israel.
But Israeli officials have sharply pushed back, arguing that diplomacy cannot succeed while Hezbollah remains armed and active.
The Israel Defense Forces said Thursday that since Hezbollah joined the fighting following strikes on Iranian regime, the group has launched hundreds of rockets, missiles and drones toward Israel.
Israeli Foreign Minister Gideon Sa’ar said Israel has come under sustained attack from Lebanese territory in recent weeks.
“Since March 2nd, Israel has been attacked from Lebanese territory more than 2,000 times with missiles and drones,” he wroteon X Tuesday.
Sa’ar warned that the crisis extends beyond the region, calling disruptions to maritime routes “naval terrorism that harms the global economy.”
While expressing openness to normalization with Lebanon, Sa’ar made clear that Hezbollah remains the central obstacle.
“The obstacle to this is Hezbollah,” he said, adding that Beirut must take “meaningful action” against the group’s weapons, funding and leadership.
Analysts say that gap — between France’s diplomatic push and Israel’s security demands — reflects a deeper structural problem that has persisted for years.
France has “potential influence that they never use … essentially the stick,” David Schenker, a former U.S. assistant secretary of state for Near Eastern Affairs who oversaw Lebanon policy during the first Trump administration and now directs the Program on Arab Politics at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, told Fox News Digital.
He argued that Paris has failed to use its leverage to pressure Hezbollah or its backers.
While Schenker said direct negotiations between the Lebanese government and Israel could be useful, he questioned whether they would change realities on the ground.
“I don’t see how a ceasefire in and of itself changes the status quo,” he said.
TRUMP PRESSES NATO PARTNERS ON SUPPORT AS HEGSETH BLASTS HESITATION
Hezbollah launches long-range missiles from Lebanon into northern Israel within 48 hours of strikes on Iran, escalating the widening conflict amid Operation Epic Fury.(Hadi Mizban/AP)
Lebanese leaders repeatedly have pledged to assert a state monopoly over weapons, but “they haven’t really done much,” Schenker said, adding there is “zero confidence” they would move forward given Hezbollah’s opposition.
Even the Lebanese army has signaled its limits, prioritizing “national unity and the safety of the army above disarmament,” he said.
On the ground, the situation continues to deteriorate rapidly.
Violence in Lebanon has surged dramatically since the war in Iran began.
“There has been a 400% increase in violence events in Lebanon,” said Bassel Doueik, a researcher at the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data (ACLED), adding that Israeli strikes and Hezbollah clashes have displaced at least 1 million people.
Doueik said Israel appears to be seeking to create a buffer zone south of the Litani River in Lebanon,warning the escalation could lead to “another occupation of southern Lebanon similar to 1982.”
At the same time, Hezbollah — long backed by Iran — continues to operate as a powerful armed force inside Lebanon, complicating efforts to reach any durable political settlement.
France has played a leading diplomatic role in Lebanon for years, including backing the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL). But the mission has faced growing challenges, including restrictions on movement and attacks on its personnel, raising criticism about its effectiveness.
Critics argue that repeated diplomatic initiatives have failed to curb Hezbollah’s military buildup, leaving Israel increasingly skeptical of new proposals.
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French President Emmanuel Macron meets with President-Elect Donald Trump at the Elysee Palace on December 7, 2024 in Paris, France. Donald Trump was among the wave of foreign dignitaries descending on Paris this weekend to attend a reopening ceremony at Notre-Dame Cathedral, more than five years after it was damaged in a major fire.(Oleg Nikishin/Getty Images)
“The French are specializing in carrots,” Schenker said, arguing that Paris has been reluctant to use pressure despite its influence in Lebanon.
But he added that the transatlantic divide is not entirely one-sided.
“This is a war that was launched by Israel and the United States, and they disagreed with it,” he said, noting that protecting global energy flows through the Strait of Hormuz should be “an international responsibility.”
Efrat Lachter is a foreign correspondent for Fox News Digital covering international affairs and the United Nations. Follow her on X @efratlachter. Stories can be sent to efrat.lachter@fox.com.