2026年3月19日 / 美国东部时间下午6:32 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
作者：詹妮弗·德平托（Jennifer De Pinto）、弗雷德·巴库斯（Fred Backus）
要求投票时出示照片身份证以及登记时证明公民身份，均获得广泛且常常是两党一致的支持。
但这并不意味着所有人都认为当前投票系统存在问题。
通常是共和党人在推动那些认为存在广泛舞弊的人群比例——而且常常认为舞弊具体发生在城市和民主党主导的地区——但即便如此，也并非共和党人的绝大多数都持此观点。
在其他群体中，包括许多民主党人，存在对公民身份证明要求会阻止合格公民投票的担忧。
此外，在选举管理方面仍存在地方优先的观点：大多数美国人认为应该由自己所在的州而非联邦政府对选举如何进行拥有最终决定权。
大多数美国人也表示邮寄投票是可以接受的，而采用邮寄方式投票的人尤其倾向于持此看法。
总体而言，很少有美国人觉得自己对《SAVE法案》的具体内容了解很多。
照片身份证和公民身份证明
投票时出示照片身份证的想法在两党中都获得支持。
登记时证明公民身份也得到多数人支持，尽管支持比例相对投票时出示照片身份证略低。
具体而言，在许多人看来，投票身份识别要求需要不仅仅是学生证之类的证件或仅仅是签名。
如果要求提供证明会怎样？
需要证明公民身份的感知影响存在明显的党派差异：民主党人更倾向于认为这会阻止美国公民投票，而更多共和党人则认为这会阻止非公民投票。
大局：美国人对投票过程的看法
党派立场决定了人们认为问题出在哪里（如果存在问题的话）。
认为选举系统中存在广泛舞弊的观点在共和党普通党员中更为普遍，比其他群体更甚。
但即便如此，这也并非压倒性多数，仅略超过一半的共和党人持此看法。
这并非新现象：自2020年选举以来的数年中，大多数共和党人一贯认为前总统乔·拜登的当选不合法。
更具体地说，共和党人认为，当存在舞弊时，舞弊往往来自城市地区，而非郊区或农村地区，且来自民主党州而非共和党州。
邮寄投票——在许多州，这是主要甚至是唯一的投票方式——引发了褒贬不一的看法。大多数共和党人认为它只应该提供给那些无法亲自投票的人。
共和党人也往往觉得邮寄投票带来更多舞弊。
但对邮寄投票的看法也会根据人们自己的投票方式而变化。
大多数在2024年报告采用邮寄方式投票的人认为应该向所有选民开放邮寄投票，这其中包括约一半报告为特朗普投票的邮寄选民。
共和党人更有可能相信非公民在联邦选举中非法投票的情况经常发生，但即便如此，也并非所有共和党人都持此看法。
更广泛地说，大多数共和党人认为一个主要问题是有人投了不符合资格的票。
民主党人看到的问题则相反——即合格选民被阻止投票是一个主要问题。
但对所有这些问题的看法不一定与《SAVE法案》相关。许多支持身份证和公民身份证明要求的人对《SAVE法案》并不确定，称他们不了解其中的具体内容。
选举是联邦事务吗？
大多数人认为应该由自己的州而非联邦政府对选举如何管理拥有最终决定权。
在监督方面，这可能更多取决于谁掌权而非抽象的治理观念。如今，大多数共和党人希望对本州的选举进行更多联邦监督，而大多数民主党人则不希望。在2021年拜登政府时期，情况则相反：民主党人希望更多联邦监督，而共和党人则不希望。
总体而言，无论党派如何，美国人往往至少对自己的地方和州选举管理表达一定程度的信心（即便不是很多）。
他们往往认为自己的选票会被正确计票。
即便他们看到广泛的舞弊——主要发生在城市和民主党主导的地区——大多数共和党人仍然确信自己的投票会被正确计票和记录。
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本次哥伦比亚广播公司新闻/优矩智库（YouGov）民调基于对2500名美国成年人的全国代表性样本进行，调查时间为2026年3月16日至19日。样本根据性别、年龄、种族和教育程度，参照美国人口普查局的美国社区调查、当前人口调查以及2024年总统选举结果进行加权，以确保能代表全国成年人。误差边际为±2.2个百分点。
核心要点
哥伦比亚广播公司新闻关于投票过程的民调
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In voting process, photo ID gets wide support, Republicans more likely to believe there’s fraud, CBS News poll finds
March 19, 2026 / 6:32 PM EDT / CBS News
By
Jennifer De Pinto, Fred Backus
Requiring photo ID to vote and proving citizenship to register both find wide and often bipartisan support.
But that doesn’t mean everyone sees problems with the current voting system.
It is often Republicans driving the percentages of those who think there is widespread fraud — and often think it’s specifically in cities and Democratic areas — but even then, it’s not an overwhelming majority of them.
Elsewhere, including among many Democrats, there’s concern that proof of citizenship requirements will prevent eligible citizens from voting.
And there’s still a local-first perspective on running elections: Most Americans would have their own states, rather than the federal government, have the final say in how elections are run.
Most Americans also say voting by mail is ok. And people who vote that way are especially inclined to say so.
In all, few Americans feel they know a lot of specifics about what’s in the SAVE Act.
Photo ID and proof of citizenship
The idea of showing photo ID to vote gets support across party lines.
Proving citizenship to register also gets majority backing, if relatively less than a photo ID to vote.
Specifically, in the minds of many, identification requirements to vote would need to be more than things like student IDs or just a signature.
What happens if proof is required?
The perceived implications of needing to prove citizenship are sharply partisan, though: Democrats are more inclined to say it’ll prevent US citizens from being able to vote, while more Republicans say that it will block non-citizens from doing so.
The big picture: How Americans feel about the voting process
Partisanship steers where people think the problems are, if any.
The notion that there is widespread fraud in the system is far more prevalent among the Republican rank and file, more so than others.
But that said, it’s not an overwhelming majority, at just over half of Republicans.
And this is not a new development: in the years since the 2020 election, most Republicans routinely felt former President Joe Biden had not been legitimately elected.
More specifically, Republicans think that when there is fraud, it tends to come from urban areas, more so than suburban or rural places and from Democratic states, not Republican ones.
Mail voting — which, in many states, is a substantial or even entirely the way they vote — draws mixed views. Most Republicans feel it should only be available to those unable to physically vote.
Republicans also tend to feel mail balloting brings more fraud.
But views on mail voting also change depending on the manner in which people cast their own ballots.
Most of those who report voting by mail in 2024 say it should be available to all voters, and this includes about half of the mail-in voters who report having voted for President Trump.
Republicans are far more likely to believe it happens a lot that non-citizens illegally vote in federal elections. But even then, it’s not all Republicans who think so.
More broadly, most Republicans say a major problem is people casting votes who are ineligible to do so.
Democrats see something of the opposite issue — that eligible people being prevented from voting is a major problem.
But views on all this don’t necessarily connect to the SAVE Act. Many who favor ID and proof of citizenship requirements aren’t sure about the SAVE Act, and say they don’t know the specifics of what’s in it.
Are elections a federal matter?
Most feel it is their state — not the federal government — that ought to have a final say in how elections are administered.
In terms of oversight, it may have more to do with who is in power than with abstract views of governance. Today, most Republicans want more federal oversight over their states’ elections, while most Democrats do not. Back in 2021, during the Biden administration, it was the reverse: Democrats wanted more federal oversight, while Republicans did not.
In all, across party lines, Americans already tend to voice at least some confidence (if not a lot) in their local and state elections administration.
They tend to think their own votes will be counted correctly.
Even as they see widespread fraud – primarily in cities and Democratic places – most Republicans are confident that their OWN vote will be counted and recorded correctly.
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This CBS News/YouGov survey was conducted with a nationally representative sample of 2,500 U.S. adults interviewed between March 16-19, 2026. The sample was weighted to be representative of adults nationwide according to gender, age, race, and education, based on the U.S. Census American Community Survey and Current Population Survey, as well as 2024 presidential vote. The margin of error is ±2.2 points.
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CBS News poll on voting process
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