2026-06-06 10:38:50 美东夏令时 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻 / 美联社
教皇利奥十四世周六敦促西班牙人停止“煽动对立情绪”,他此访之际正值西班牙左翼社会党领导的政府深陷政治动荡,天主教会也面临信任危机。
这位拥有西班牙血统的美国教皇在担任神父期间曾数十次前往西班牙,但这是15年来首次有教皇到访西班牙。此次访问标志着利奥重新将教皇的关注重心放回欧洲的基督教根源,此前教皇方济各基本避开基督教传统中心地区,转而关注更远地区的小型天主教社区。
利奥似乎迫切希望将和平、团结与人类尊严的讯息传递给这片因移民问题、俄罗斯对乌克兰的战争以及对人工智能的焦虑而严重对立的大陆。
教皇在马德里开启了为期一周的访问行程,在机场受到西班牙天主教君主费利佩六世国王和莱蒂齐亚王后的迎接。他在途中对记者表示,有关这个曾坚定信奉天主教如今却已世俗化的国家年轻人精神觉醒的报道,尤其让他感到振奋。

教皇公开反对对立情绪
在欢迎致辞中,利奥呼吁西班牙人,尤其是政治领袖们,搁置争论,致力于教育年轻人欣赏多样性与复杂性,而非排斥它们。
“如今,通过煽动对立情绪来博取人气的诱惑似乎有增无减,人类尊严仍在遭受践踏,”利奥说道。
他呼吁以作为基督教欧洲核心的西班牙为整个大陆树立榜样,同时回顾了该国800年的摩尔人历史,当时托莱多和科尔多瓦等城市成为“语言、宗教与知识对话的中心”。
“出于对真理的热爱,我邀请所有人摒弃你们社会现实与历史中那些分裂对立的叙事,”他说。此举将有助于欧洲“通过对复杂性的富有成效的认知,克服空洞的简化论”。
西班牙人在移民、女权主义和政治腐败等问题上日益分裂,而这个国家历史上也曾因领土和独立运动陷入分裂。
利奥此次马德里之行的重头戏是周一向西班牙议会参众两院发表演讲,这将是教皇首次在西班牙议会发表讲话。此类演讲极为罕见,往往成为教皇任期内最重要的活动之一。
但利奥将面临高度对立的立法机构:执政党社会党因一系列腐败丑闻饱受抨击。包括人民党和极右翼政党呼声党在内的保守派已要求桑切斯在2027年大选前辞职,并严厉批评其政府的移民政策。

西班牙社会党领导的政府逆势而行,宣布将为数十万在该国无证生活和工作的移民赋予合法身份。桑切斯强调,在劳动力老龄化和出生率低迷的背景下,合法移民对西班牙经济有益。
各类灵性信仰重新受到关注
尽管预计会有抗议活动,尤其是他在议会的演讲,对西班牙天主教会而言仍是一个里程碑。受1936至1939年西班牙内战期间反教会暴力事件影响,加之近期曝光的数十年神职人员性侵及掩盖丑闻,天主教会面临信任危机。
尽管近几十年来欧洲大部分地区已世俗化,但西班牙在1975年弗朗西斯科·佛朗哥将军去世后经历了宗教危机,其世俗化进程尤为突出。作为坚定的天主教徒,佛朗哥将自己的统治视为对抗西班牙国内反教会无政府主义、左翼和世俗倾向的宗教圣战。

西班牙国家民意调查机构的民调数据显示,随着西班牙向民主过渡,自称天主教徒的西班牙人比例从1970年代的90%降至2025年的仅55%。在这一群体中,仅有19%的人表示会定期参加弥撒。
然而,GAD3咨询公司总裁、社会学家纳尔西索·米查维拉·努涅斯表示,有迹象显示各类灵性信仰——包括基督教及其他信仰——重新受到关注,尤其是在西班牙年轻人当中。该公司经常针对年轻人的信仰状况开展民调。
他表示,在近期的民调中,调查人员发现西班牙Z世代群体对信仰重新产生了兴趣。米查维拉和其他人援引西班牙流行歌手罗萨莉亚新推出的主打灵性主题的热门专辑《Lux》的火爆程度作为例证。
“从普遍视角来看,真相并非上帝再度流行。在这个时刻,在教皇此次访问期间,新变化在于上帝在西班牙社会中不再只是一个纹身,”他说道。
Pope Leo urges Spaniards to to set aside “polarizing narratives” during first papal visit in 15 years
2026-06-06 10:38:50 EDT / CBS News / AP
Pope Leo XIV urged Spaniards on Saturday to stop “fanning the flames of polarization” as he arrived in Spain at a moment of political turmoil for the Socialist-led government and a credibility crisis for the Catholic Church.
The American pope, who has Spanish ancestors, traveled to Spain dozens of times as a priest, but this is the first visit by a pope in 15 years. It signals Leo is returning papal attention to Europe’s Christian roots after Pope Francis largely stayed away from the traditional centers of Christianity in favor of smaller Catholic communities farther away.
Leo is seemingly keen to bring his message of peace, unity and human dignity to a continent sorely polarized over migration, Russia’s war in Ukraine and anxiety over artificial intelligence.
The pope opened his weeklong trip in Madrid, greeted at the airport by the country’s Catholic monarchs, King Felipe VI and Queen Letizia, and He told reporters, while traveling, that he was particularly heartened by reports of a spiritual awakening among young people in the once-staunchly Catholic but now secularized country.
Pope Leo XIV waves upon his arrival at the Adolfo Suarez Madrid/Barajas International Airport, Saturday, June 6, 2026, on the occasion of his Apostolic journey to Spain. Stefano RELLANDINI /AFP via Getty Images
Pope Leo speaks out against polarization
During his welcome address, Leo appealed to Spaniards, especially political leaders, to put polemics aside and invest in educating young people to appreciate diversity and complexity rather than shunning them.
“Today, the temptation to gain popularity by fanning the flames of polarization seems to have grown rather than diminished, and human dignity continues to be violated,” Leo said.
He appealed to Spain’s place at the heart of Christian Europe to serve as a model for the rest of the continent, while also recalling the country’s 800-year Moorish past, when cities like Toledo and Córdoba became, he said, “centers of dialogue between languages, religions and knowledge.”
“For the love of truth, I invite everyone to set aside the divisive and polarizing narratives of your societal reality and history,” he said. Doing so will help Europe “overcome sterile simplifications through the fruitful appreciation of complexity.”
Spaniards find themselves increasingly divided over issues including immigration, feminism and political corruption, while historically it was riven by territorial and independence movements.
The highlight of Leo’s visit to Madrid will be his speech Monday to both chambers of the Spanish Parliament, the first by a pope. Such speeches are rare and often become one of the most important of a pontificate.
But Leo will find a highly polarized legislature, with the ruling Socialist party hammered by a series of corruption scandals. Conservative parties, including the Popular Party and far-right Vox, have called for Sánchez to step down before the 2027 elections and have roundly criticized his government’s migration policies.
Princess Sofia of Spain, Crown Princess Leonor of Spain, Queen Letizia of Spain, Pope Leo XIV and King Felipe VI of Spain pose during a welcome ceremony with His Holiness the Pope Leo XIV in Welcome Ceremony at Royal Palace on June 06, 2026 in Madrid, Spain. Elisabetta Trevisan – Vatican Media via Vatican Pool / Getty Images
Spain’s Socialist-led government has bucked a general trend in Europe and the United States by announcing it will grant legal status to potentially hundreds of thousands of immigrants living and working in the country without authorization. Sánchez has highlighted the benefits of legal migration to the country’s economy with an aging workforce and low birthrate.
Renewed interest in all forms of spirituality
Despite some expected protests of Leo’s visit, his speech to Parliament in particular is something of a milestone for Spain’s Catholic Church. Shaped by the anticlerical violence of the country’s 1936-1939 civil war, more recently, it has dealt with a credibility crisis over revelations of decades of clergy abuse and cover-up.
While much of Europe has secularized in recent decades, Spain stands out after it underwent a religious crisis following the 1975 death of Gen. Francisco Franco. A staunch Catholic, Franco viewed his reign as something of a religious crusade against the anticlerical anarchist, leftist and secular tendencies in Spain.
Spain’s Felipe VI and Pope Leo XIV review the horse guard at the Royal Palace in Madrid on June 6, 2026. Pope Leo XIV is visiting Spain June 6-12 with stops in Madrid, Barcelona, and the Canary Islands, where he will meet with migrants and organisations dedicated to helping them. Stefano RELLANDINI /AFP via Getty Images
As Spain transitioned to a democracy, the percentage of Spaniards who declared themselves Catholics fell from 90% in the 1970s to just 55% in 2025, according to polling data collected by Spain’s state opinion agency. Of that group, only 19% say they regularly attend Mass.
And yet there are signs of renewed interest in all forms of spirituality, Christian and otherwise, especially among young Spaniards, said sociologist Narciso Michavila Núñez, president of the GAD3 consulting firm that polls young people about their faith, among other things.
In recent surveys, he said, pollsters are registering newfound interest in faith among Gen Z Spaniards. Michavila and others cite the popularity of Spanish pop star Rosalía’s new hit album “Lux,” which is overtly spiritual.
“The truth from a common view is not that God is in fashion. What is new in this moment, in this visit of the pope, is that God in the Spanish society is not a tattoo anymore,” he said.