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How Iran could try to control the Strait of Hormuz – and profit from it

July 1, 2026 / 7:44 AM EDT / CBS News

By Joanne Stocker Verification producer
Joanne Stocker is a verification producer for CBS News Confirmed. She was previously chief editor of Kurdistan 24 English and managing editor at The Defense Post. She has combined open-source investigation methods with on-the-ground reporting to cover conflict, terrorism, and misinformation for over 15 years.

Read Full Bio

London— When the U.S. and Israel launched their joint war on Iran in February, Tehran responded almost immediately with what has now been proven to be one of its most potent weapons — the ability to paralyze the Strait of Hormuz.

By firing on or threatening to strike any ships that had not sought its permission, Iran effectively closed this major shipping lane, through which a fifth of the world’s oil had typically passed in tankers. The shipping gridlock sent the price of oil soaring, impacting virtually everyone on the planet, including Americans who continue to face elevated prices at the pump.

Transits have steadily increased since the signing of the memorandum of understanding between the U.S. and Iran two weeks ago. That framework agreement calls for the lifting of U.S. and Iranian restrictions and toll-free transit of the strait for at least 60 days, a period designated by the MoU for the U.S. and Iran to negotiate a wider peace deal.

But some experts believe that whatever deal the two sides may eventually reach, the Strait of Hormuz will never return to its pre-war state.

Smoke rises Thai tanker “Mayuree Naree” after it is struck in the Strait of Hormuz. Royal Thai Navy/AFP/Getty

“We are no longer dealing with the traditional maritime arrangement in the Strait of Hormuz, which we are familiar with, the one that existed before the war,” Noam Raydan, a senior fellow at the Washington Institute think tank, told CBS News. “This new navigational order has been created by Iran, and what Iran is trying to do right now is ensure that it plays a central role in it.”

International maritime laws, and precedents set in other, comparable waterways, could provide some clues as to the possible future of the Strait of Hormuz.

Fees, tolls or insurance?

Iran has repeatedly signaled an intention to impose some charge on vessels transiting the Strait of Hormuz after the 60-day negotiation period set out in the MoU with.

Last week, the governments of Iran and Oman — the two nations with coastlines in the strait — said in a joint statement that future management of the waterway would have “costs associated”, but that they would be in line with international standards.

There are fees imposed for the use of other vital shipping lanes, including the Suez and Panama Canals, where fees can amount to hundreds of thousands of dollars for the largest cargo vessels.

But those canals are man-made, not natural chokepoints, like the Strait of Hormuz, and both Egypt and Panama were given explicit permission in treaties to charge tolls, and the canals are subject to international agreements that guarantee freedom of navigation to any vessel.

An aerial view of the world’s third-largest semi-submersible crane vessel as it transits the Bosphorus Strait on June 17, 2026. Cemal Yurttas/Anadolu/Getty

Meanwhile, Turkey charges service fees for ships transiting the Bosporus and Dardanelles Straits, which are natural chokepoints, under the 1936 Montreux Convention. That law predates the much wider United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which took effect in 1994, giving ships the right of innocent passage through any country’s territorial waters without paying a fee.

Iran signed, but has never ratified UNCLOS.

The Montreux Convention obligates Turkey to allow commercial ships freedom of passage, but allows the country to charge for some specific things, including sanitary, pilotage, towage and lighthouse services.

Several days after Oman issued the joint statement with Iran, Omani Foreign Minister Badr bin Hamad Al-Busaidi denied “any ambiguity” on the issue of transit fees, insisting that there would be none, but he did not rule out fees for navigational, environmental or other “services,” modeled on the Straits of Malacca and Singapore, where pilotage service fees are voluntary.

Iranian parliament speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf meets with Omani Foreign Minister Badr bin Hamad Al Busaidi on June 22, 2026. Hamed Malekpour / Middle East Images /AFP via Getty Images

Alternatively, the Persian Gulf Strait Authority (PGSA), an agency created by Iran during the war that the regime claims has sole responsibility for regulating traffic through the vital waterway, has floated plans to require ships to take out an insurance policy to cross the strait.

The U.N.’s International Maritime Organization quickly refuted that concept, however, saying the demands were not official.

A deal to be done?

Some experts believe Iran could be convinced not to try to impose charges on the strait if the U.S. agrees to lift sanctions on Tehran.

“There is an inverse correlation between Iran’s ability to secure sanctions relief and its desire to look at the strait as a source of revenue,” Ali Vaez, director of the Crisis Group think tank’s Iran Project, told CBS News.

CBS News graphic CBS News

“The more the Trump administration ensures that Iran can get access to frozen funds and is able to repatriate revenue from its oil sales, the less Iran would need to make money through imposing fees for transiting the Strait of Hormuz,” he said.

A regional approach to management of the strait could include not only Iran and Oman, but other key countries in the region, and possibly even those that have acted as mediators between Tehran and Washington, such as Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Egypt.

“They might come up with an arrangement that doesn’t apply to some or most of the countries in the region, certainly not any of the littoral states” in the Gulf,” Vaez said.

Iran could also try to impose a system that exempts countries in the so-called global south, allowing their vessels to transit for free while charging fees to richer nations, Vaez said.

https://www.cbsnews.com/video/ship-traffic-drops-in-strait-of-hormuz-after-weekend-attacks/

共和党首次召开中期选举大会 特朗普拟演讲动员支持者投票

2026年7月1日 18:02 / 联合早报

美国总统特朗普宣布，共和党将于9月在得州召开全国代表大会，为中期选举造势。图为6月24日，特朗普到国会山会见共和党参议员。 （法新社）

（华盛顿综合电）美国总统特朗普宣布，共和党9月将在得克萨斯州达拉斯市举行全国代表大会。这是共和党首次举行中期选举大会，旨在凝聚基本盘，保住国会控制权。

一般上，共和与民主两党只在总统竞选的最后阶段召开党代会，而下一次总统选举在2028年。但今年初，共和党全国委员会修改相关规则，以配合特朗普在第二个任期中间召开党代会的想法。

特朗普星期二（6月30日）在社交媒体上宣布，共和党将于9月9日和10日，在达拉斯召开首次中期选举大会。

他形容，这将是一场前所未有，且真正具有历史意义的盛事。“我们将庆祝美国的伟大复兴，以及通过美国优先政策改变国家的美国人民所取得的非凡成就……我们正在兑现政治人物空谈了数十年，却从未实现的承诺……美国的黄金世代才刚刚开始！”

路透社引述消息人士报道，特朗普计划在大会上发表演说，号召支持者在11月中期选举时踊跃投票。中期选举的投票率通常远低于总统选举，而总统所在政党往往会流失议席。

特朗普支持率低迷 共和党或难保国会两院

受伊朗战争与经济问题影响，近期特朗普支持率低迷，这可能危及共和党保住国会两院控制权的胜算。若民主党夺回众议院或参议院，特朗普在余下任期内推进政策时可能面临阻碍，并可能再次遭到弹劾。

得州是本次选举的关键州之一。特朗普支持的州总检察长帕克斯顿（Ken Paxton）在共和党初选中击败寻求连任的党内对手科宁（John Cornyn），但科宁拒绝为帕克斯顿背书，加上帕克斯顿多年来屡爆丑闻，民主党候选人或渔翁得利。

另一方面，美国最高法院星期二驳回特朗普限制“出生公民权”的行政令，这对特朗普的移民政策是一次重挫。

特朗普去年1月就任总统后即签署行政令，规定父母均非美国公民或合法永久居民的新生儿，不能自动获得美国公民身份。此举引起广泛争议与法律挑战。

最高法院的九名大法官以6比3的结果，推翻了这项行政令。首席大法官罗伯茨在多数派意见书中指出，美国宪法第十四修正案的制定者承诺，在这片土地上出生的每一个人都应具有公民身份。

特朗普称这项裁决对国家不利，并敦促国会通过立法来终结出生公民权。

今年以来，最高法院已三度否决特朗普的重大决策。法院2月判定特朗普的大规模关税政策违法，之后又于星期一（6月29日）裁定，特朗普不能以涉嫌抵押贷款欺诈为由解除美联储理事库克（Lisa Cook）的职务。

共和党首次召开中期选举大会 特朗普拟演讲动员支持者投票

2026年7月1日 18:02 / 联合早报

美国总统特朗普宣布，共和党将于9月在得州召开全国代表大会，为中期选举造势。图为6月24日，特朗普到国会山会见共和党参议员。 （法新社）

（华盛顿综合电）美国总统特朗普宣布，共和党9月将在得克萨斯州达拉斯市举行全国代表大会。这是共和党首次举行中期选举大会，旨在凝聚基本盘，保住国会控制权。

一般上，共和与民主两党只在总统竞选的最后阶段召开党代会，而下一次总统选举在2028年。但今年初，共和党全国委员会修改相关规则，以配合特朗普在第二个任期中间召开党代会的想法。

特朗普星期二（6月30日）在社交媒体上宣布，共和党将于9月9日和10日，在达拉斯召开首次中期选举大会。

他形容，这将是一场前所未有，且真正具有历史意义的盛事。“我们将庆祝美国的伟大复兴，以及通过美国优先政策改变国家的美国人民所取得的非凡成就……我们正在兑现政治人物空谈了数十年，却从未实现的承诺……美国的黄金世代才刚刚开始！”

路透社引述消息人士报道，特朗普计划在大会上发表演说，号召支持者在11月中期选举时踊跃投票。中期选举的投票率通常远低于总统选举，而总统所在政党往往会流失议席。

特朗普支持率低迷 共和党或难保国会两院

受伊朗战争与经济问题影响，近期特朗普支持率低迷，这可能危及共和党保住国会两院控制权的胜算。若民主党夺回众议院或参议院，特朗普在余下任期内推进政策时可能面临阻碍，并可能再次遭到弹劾。

得州是本次选举的关键州之一。特朗普支持的州总检察长帕克斯顿（Ken Paxton）在共和党初选中击败寻求连任的党内对手科宁（John Cornyn），但科宁拒绝为帕克斯顿背书，加上帕克斯顿多年来屡爆丑闻，民主党候选人或渔翁得利。

另一方面，美国最高法院星期二驳回特朗普限制“出生公民权”的行政令，这对特朗普的移民政策是一次重挫。

特朗普去年1月就任总统后即签署行政令，规定父母均非美国公民或合法永久居民的新生儿，不能自动获得美国公民身份。此举引起广泛争议与法律挑战。

最高法院的九名大法官以6比3的结果，推翻了这项行政令。首席大法官罗伯茨在多数派意见书中指出，美国宪法第十四修正案的制定者承诺，在这片土地上出生的每一个人都应具有公民身份。

特朗普称这项裁决对国家不利，并敦促国会通过立法来终结出生公民权。

今年以来，最高法院已三度否决特朗普的重大决策。法院2月判定特朗普的大规模关税政策违法，之后又于星期一（6月29日）裁定，特朗普不能以涉嫌抵押贷款欺诈为由解除美联储理事库克（Lisa Cook）的职务。

Crowd size gripes, state fair troubles: The problems of an America 250 celebration tied to Trump

2026-07-01T08:00:26.031Z / https://www.cnn.com/2026/07/01/politics/america-250-trump-crowd-fair

President Donald Trump has billed his July Fourth rally on the National Mall as a culmination of the “most unforgettable birthday party any country has ever seen.” But inside his White House, there’s growing angst over how many people will actually show up to celebrate.

The lackluster attendance for Trump’s speech on the mall last week — a fact that has infuriated the president behind the scenes — has sparked fears of a similarly disappointing turnout when he headlines an Independence Day celebration, sources familiar with the matter told CNN. He has teased the event as one of the most consequential moments of his presidency.

The high-profile address follows days of scattered crowds and setbacks at the “Great American State Fair” that’s taken over the iconic two-mile stretch of downtown Washington, DC. And with tightened security measures, triple-digit heat and a schedule set to run well into Saturday night, White House officials are already bracing for an underwhelming showing.

“I do not understand why we are doing this so late,” one White House official vented, noting there were still ongoing efforts to fix the timing. “I’m really not sure who thought this was a good idea.”

Trump grew livid over the small crowd at his campaign-style speech last week, two sources familiar with the matter said. Those remarks were thrown together after planned musical acts backed out en masse over the state fair’s close association with the politically divisive president.

Trump announced he would headline the event instead and spoke for roughly 30 minutes, most of which he spent recounting his accomplishments and boasting about America’s revival under his administration. Though he wasn’t initially aware of the size of the crowd, he later saw an aerial photo that showed acres of sparsely populated fields beyond the audience that had crowded around the stage.

The visual enraged him, the sources said, and multiple White House officials who had posted the photo deleted their posts. The revelation led to a defensive Trump lashing out on social media, claiming that the crowds were “packed to the brim.”

The episode has further heightened the stakes for Trump’s Independence Day address, which represents just the latest element of the US’ semiquincentennial celebration that he’s sought to effectively make an extension of his all-consuming presidency.

It’s also prompted a round of internal finger-pointing, with some in Trump’s orbit questioning why more wasn’t done to ensure a better turnout for events they view as a test of the president’s hold on the country and its culture.

“The mistake here was not driving attendance,” one person close to the White House said of the sparse crowds at the fair. “It was an ‘if you build it, they will come’ mentality that failed.”

For Trump’s July Fourth address, one source said the viewing section directly in front of the stage will be ticketed, to ensure it is filled. However, the tickets are free, and another official familiar with the event noted that there is likely to be huge swaths of people who sign up to secure a spot but ultimately don’t show.

“President Trump is ensuring that America gets the spectacular 250th birthday it deserves — and Freedom 250 will execute on the president’s historic vision,” White House spokesman Davis Ingle said in a statement, calling the fair and other events an effort to “feature a renewal of patriotism and national pride under this President’s leadership.”

Ahead of Saturday’s speech, Trump is scheduled on Wednesday to attend a dedication of the Theodore Roosevelt Presidential Library in North Dakota, which will also mark the inaugural flight of his new Air Force One. He’ll then travel to South Dakota on Friday for a fireworks show at Mount Rushmore.

The sequence of events is one that Trump has fixated on since even before he won election in 2024. Trump advisers discussed his potential July Fourth speech during the campaign, at the time envisioning that he would deliver it in Philadelphia, where the Declaration of Independence was signed, a person familiar with the deliberations said.

He also publicly previewed his idea for a state fair as far back as 2023, promising lavish pavilions from every state that evoked the world’s expos from more than a century ago. Since then, Trump has repeatedly marveled at being able to preside over the semiquincentennial, as well as the men’s soccer World Cup.

“It’s legacy building. He wants to leave his stamp, he wants to leave his mark,” said Timothy Naftali, a presidential historian and senior research scholar at Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs. “He’s not a complicated man.”

But the reality hasn’t quite lived up to hype, hampered by Trump’s polarizing involvement, which split the organizing efforts for the 250th anniversary and complicated the yearslong planning — and more recently, by more run-of-the-mill logistical and weather challenges.

At the state fair, the quality of booths from each state have varied, with some less decorated than others. There are pavilions like Arizona and Texas — featuring elaborate displays like an immersive desert walk and a replica of the Alamo, a spaceship and a honky tonk — that have drawn lines out the door. But there are also booths representing states that declined to send delegations, citing limited finances, which sit largely empty and are sparsely decorated.

Crowds have been modest, and there have been several unsavory hiccups. Over the weekend, an image of a Confederate flag was removed after appearing in the North Carolina pavilion, which was designed by state businessmen after North Carolina declined to participate because it did not have the funding. Democratic Gov. Josh Stein issued a statement condemning it and called for its removal.

And on the fair’s first full day, a man was arrested and charged after witnesses saw him with his hands down his pants, vaping and filming the female performers in an acrobatic performance, according to court documents.

The Washington weather also tempered crowd numbers, with the fair forced to close at various points over the weekend due to heavy storms. A Friday evening concert featuring Vanilla Ice, one of two acts that didn’t pull out of the original slate of performances last month, was also canceled for weather. It won’t be rescheduled, a source familiar with the planning said.

There have been a handful of popular attractions, including a 110-foot ferris wheel and daily rodeo show. The fairgoers CNN spoke with on Saturday spoke positively about their experience at the event.

“Politics aside, this is a great thing for America and I think we should all enjoy it. And I believe that this is an exceptional event,” said Fletcher Metz, a Virginia resident originally from Ohio, who commended Trump for organizing it.

But strict security measures have appeared to limit the overall appeal, preventing attendees from bringing food or water bottles into an area with little shade and few designated areas to sit.

Instead, they’ve had to rely on the food tents that also double as cool-down spaces, serving a range of basic fare like hot dogs, cheeseburgers and pizza. A water is $5, though UFC president and close Trump ally Dana White’s Phorm energy drinks are also on sale.

A spokeswoman for Freedom 250, the organizer behind the state fair, said in a statement that more than 150,000 people have attended so far.

“Anyone betting on empty celebration bet wrong — and Freedom 250 is not interested in arguing with the Negative Nancy skeptics; we’re busy celebrating with Americans flocking to DC from every corner of the best nations in the world,” the spokeswoman, Julia Friedland, said.

Still, those challenges could foreshadow similar issues for the Trump-headlined July Fourth celebration, which will include an afternoon air show and a lengthy fireworks finale so large that organizers hope it will set a new Guinness World Record.

Unlike past years, attendees won’t be allowed to bring coolers onto the mall, where highs are forecast to hit 100 degrees as a massive heat wave is set to engulf the East Coast. And by the time the massive fireworks display begins, it could be nearing midnight. In perhaps a tacit acknowledgment of those hurdles, Trump last week emphasized a different reason for people to turn out: Himself.

“Your favorite president will be speaking,” Trump said. “So please show up because if we have two empty seats, you know what’s going to happen? The fake news is going to say, ‘He didn’t fill out the arena.’”

CNN’s Gabe Cohen and Nicky Robertson contributed to this report.

美斯坦福大学智库澄清 未背书郑丽文对两岸关系看法

2026年7月1日 18:04 / 联合早报

6月17日，中国国民党主席郑丽文在台北召开记者会，说明其为期两周的访美行程。 （法新社）

美国斯坦福大学胡佛研究所上月接待访美的中国国民党主席郑丽文，针对有报道称研究所认同郑丽文的两岸关系主张，研究团队发表声明澄清，强调相关报道“不准确”。

郑丽文上月访问美国，并于6月2日赴胡佛研究所与学者举行闭门座谈，是她为期两周美国行的第一站。

胡佛研究所“台湾在印太地区”（Taiwan in the Indo-Pacific Region）项目负责人祁凯立（Kharis Templeman）6月29日（星期一）在博客上发表声明说，与郑丽文一行举行的座谈会以不公开方式进行，因此不宜对郑丽文的发言内容作出描述。

但声明强调，团队认为有必要指出，有报道称团队认同郑丽文对两岸关系的看法，这种说法并不准确。声明所指的相关新闻标题包括“中天新闻”发布的“会晤美战略界重量级学者！美方大赞郑丽文‘精辟战略智慧”影音新闻。

胡佛研究所声明说，与郑丽文的会议围绕中国大陆的意图，以及维持台海和平与稳定所需条件等议题，展开了深入讨论。

声明强调，研究团队对于如何避免台海军事冲突已多次公开阐述看法，团队关切中国大陆对台湾的意图并非善意。声明认为，台海和平有赖台湾保持克制、坚定立场并强化防卫能力；美国则应延续长期政策，持续协助台湾取得自我防卫所需防卫性武器。

北约资助巨芒草试验 助乌克兰修复战争污染土壤

2026年7月1日 18:31 / 联合早报

今年4月，在乌克兰基辅州马洛波洛韦茨克村，农民驾驶拖拉机整地，准备播种荞麦。 （路透社）

长达四年半的战争，让乌克兰大片肥沃农田受到污染。在北约资助下，捷克科学家正在测试一种原产于东亚的巨芒草，以测试它能否清除土壤中的石油产品、爆炸物和微量元素等污染物，让“欧洲粮仓”的受污染土地未来有望恢复农业用途。

法新社报道，乌克兰拥有极为肥沃的黑土，长期是重要粮食生产和出口国。北约资助的这项研究属于“科学促进和平与安全”计划，项目总值34万6000欧元（约51万新元），由捷克扬·埃万杰利斯塔·普尔基涅大学开展，并与加拿大、克罗地亚、哈萨克斯坦、乌克兰和美国伙伴合作，预计持续至2027年。

研究团队目前已在乌克兰基辅郊区布查附近的沃尔泽尔种植巨芒草（giant miscanthus）。当地曾在2022年被俄军占领，之后收复并完成排雷。项目负责人之一、乌克兰裔教授皮德利斯纽克说，当地土壤之后出现扰动、植被流失、压实和生态系统功能受损等问题。

巨芒草在欧洲可作为生物质作物用于供暖，最高可长至四米。科学家说，这种植物能在退化和受污染土壤中生长，并形成庞大根系，累积金属、恢复土壤有机质；污染物主要被根部困住，地上生物质则大体保持清洁。

此外，巨芒草还能将多达40%的光合作用产物经由根系输送到土壤，有助保留土壤碳、促进腐殖质和肥力恢复，也支持土壤微生物更快分解石油等有机污染物。

不过，土壤修复需要多年时间。专家称，希望项目能延长，因为在理想情况下，巨芒草可在20至25年内持续提供足够生物质；之后必须将它挖出，但届时相关土地有望重新用于常规农业。

Victor Willis, Village People lead singer, dies at 74

July 1, 2026 6:56 AM EDT / CBS/AFP

Victor Willis, lead singer of the disco group Village People whose hit “Y.M.C.A.” became a fixture at rallies for President Trump, has died, his wife and the band said in Facebook posts on Wednesday. He was 74.

“It is with profound sadness that I must announce the death of my husband, VICTOR WILLIS,” Karen-Huff Willis said in a statement on the musician’s Facebook page. “Victor passed away on Tuesday June 30, 2026 as a result of a short, but aggressive illness.”

The band shared a similar statement on its Facebook page.

The Texas-born musician was a co-founder of the Village People and co-wrote hits including “Y.M.C.A,” “In the Navy” and “Macho Man” that swept the world’s dancefloors in the late 1970s.

With their flamboyant costumes and choreography, the group became a pop culture phenomenon, targeting disco’s large gay audience with camp fantasy characters of butch builders, bikers, cowboys and soldiers.

Willis left the group in 1980 but rejoined in 2017.

Angel Morales, Victor Willis (center) and J.J. Lippold of Village People perform during Riot Fest at Douglas Park on Sept. 15, 2019 in Chicago, Illinois. Photo by Daniel Boczarski/Redferns/Getty

He struggled with drug addiction and took a plea deal over cocaine possession in 2006.

“I got very depressed over the years and decided to just drop off the map. So I got into drugs,” he told the San Diego Union Tribune in 2015.

“Y.M.C.A.,” whose lyrics urge “young men” to head to the Young Men’s Christian Association in New York, became an anthem for the LGBTQ community and beyond.

But some say the song has been co-opted by the American right wing movement following its use at rallies and events supporting Mr. Trump.

“I don’t endorse Trump, I’ve never endorsed Trump, nor has the Village People,” Willis told the BBC in 2020. “But because of the copyright laws in the United States, he’s able to play our music any time he wants to.”

The band performed “Y.M.C.A.” at a Trump rally in January 2025, before the Republican was inaugurated for his second term as president.

“Let’s give President Trump a chance, regardless of what you may have thought about him in the past,” Willis said at the time. “Let’s see what he’s going to do moving forward, and if he does things to restrict LGBTQ rights, Village People will be the first to speak out.”

In 2012, when Willis was away from the group, a judge ruled the singer could reclaim at least partial ownership of the copyrights to more than two dozen of the their songs, including “Y.M.C.A.,” “Macho Man” and “In the Navy.” The resolution paved the way for his return to the group in 2017, BBC News reported.

北约资助巨芒草试验 助乌克兰修复战争污染土壤

2026年7月1日 18:31 / 联合早报

今年4月，在乌克兰基辅州马洛波洛韦茨克村，农民驾驶拖拉机整地，准备播种荞麦。 （路透社）

长达四年半的战争，让乌克兰大片肥沃农田受到污染。在北约资助下，捷克科学家正在测试一种原产于东亚的巨芒草，以测试它能否清除土壤中的石油产品、爆炸物和微量元素等污染物，让“欧洲粮仓”的受污染土地未来有望恢复农业用途。

法新社报道，乌克兰拥有极为肥沃的黑土，长期是重要粮食生产和出口国。北约资助的这项研究属于“科学促进和平与安全”计划，项目总值34万6000欧元（约51万新元），由捷克扬·埃万杰利斯塔·普尔基涅大学开展，并与加拿大、克罗地亚、哈萨克斯坦、乌克兰和美国伙伴合作，预计持续至2027年。

研究团队目前已在乌克兰基辅郊区布查附近的沃尔泽尔种植巨芒草（giant miscanthus）。当地曾在2022年被俄军占领，之后收复并完成排雷。项目负责人之一、乌克兰裔教授皮德利斯纽克说，当地土壤之后出现扰动、植被流失、压实和生态系统功能受损等问题。

巨芒草在欧洲可作为生物质作物用于供暖，最高可长至四米。科学家说，这种植物能在退化和受污染土壤中生长，并形成庞大根系，累积金属、恢复土壤有机质；污染物主要被根部困住，地上生物质则大体保持清洁。

此外，巨芒草还能将多达40%的光合作用产物经由根系输送到土壤，有助保留土壤碳、促进腐殖质和肥力恢复，也支持土壤微生物更快分解石油等有机污染物。

不过，土壤修复需要多年时间。专家称，希望项目能延长，因为在理想情况下，巨芒草可在20至25年内持续提供足够生物质；之后必须将它挖出，但届时相关土地有望重新用于常规农业。

Trump’s audacious bid to end birthright citizenship was not an entire loss at the Supreme Court

2026-07-01T11:00:26.024Z / https://www.cnn.com/2026/07/01/politics/trump-supreme-court-birthright-citizenship-major-accomplishment-analysis

When President Donald Trump used his black Sharpie on his first day back in office to sign an executive order in January 2025 limiting birthright citizenship, he said, “This is a big one.”

It was an audacious gambit.

And in the most essential way, it failed. The Supreme Court by a 6-3 vote rejected his attempt to end the guarantee that all children born on US soil are citizens, regardless of their parents’ immigration status.

The majority reaffirmed a centuries-old understanding of automatic citizenship, buttressed by the 14th Amendment, that dictates “All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.”

But the overall Trump effort – as radical as it was – made surprising headway in both the court and public spheres.

The administration gained some mainstream support, including the backing of 25 states and a significant number of members of Congress, for an idea that had long been considered fringe at best. More importantly for the future, while three justices outright dissented, a fourth (Brett Kavanaugh), joined dissenters in finding no 14th Amendment violation. (Kavanaugh signed onto the majority decision blocking Trump’s executive order but based his view on a violation of immigration statutes dating to 1940 and 1952.)

Kavanaugh suggested that Trump might accomplish his goal through new federal legislation.

“Congress could – consistent with the Fourteenth Amendment – amend (the relevant federal laws) or otherwise enact new legislation establishing exceptions to birthright citizenship for children born to foreign citizens unlawfully or temporarily in the country.”

That concept emboldened Trump and Republican allies Tuesday. The president said in a Truth Social post shortly after the decision in Trump v. Barbara was issued: “The Supreme Court upheld Birthright Citizenship, which is too bad for our Country, but we can easily make it up in Congress through Legislation, with the support of the President, that has now been determined during this process. No long and unwieldy Constitutional Amendment is necessary!”

Trump is wrong that any legislation could override the US constitutional guarantee – at least with this current court. A five-justice majority, led by Chief Justice John Roberts, said the Constitution safeguarded birthright citizenship. He was joined by fellow conservative Amy Coney Barrett and liberals Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, and Ketanji Brown Jackson.

In his taut and forceful opinion, Roberts suggested there was no turning back. He grounded birthright deeply in the English common law, America’s origins and the Fourteenth Amendment’s Reconstruction-era history.

“Citizenship, then and now, was the right to have rights – to freely participate in our political community,” Roberts wrote. “The Framers of the Fourteenth Amendment extended that promise to ‘every free-born person in this land.’ We keep that promise today.”

Vice President JD Vance spoke of a “silver lining” on Fox News on Wednesday. Kavanaugh’s vote with the other dissenters “means that the concept of birthright citizenship, which is an absurdity to the 14th Amendment, that concept is hanging by a thread.”

The birthright citizenship controversy further served Trump by what it produced in a separate Supreme Court decision last year. When the dispute over his Inauguration Day order first reached the justices, they used the case to dramatically limit the power of lower court judges to block contested presidential initiatives nationwide.

The decision marked a crucial early win for Trump in his second presidency. Lower court judges had been imposing such universal injunctions against the government to prevent Trump’s controversial policies from being enforced across the country.

https://www.cnn.com/

Tuesday’s majority and dissenting decisions, covering 189 pages, guarantee the reverberations of Trump’s executive order will continue.

“This ruling is not going to end the debate,” said appellate litigator Charles Cooper, who represented Sen. Eric Schmitt of Missouri and Rep. Chip Roy of Texas, two of the Republican members of Congress who sided with the Trump administration. “If the case has done nothing else, it has brought a bright light of illumination on some of the serious costs of birthright citizenship.”

Justice Samuel Alito, in his dissenting statement, opened with the problem of “birth tourists, women who come here solely for the purpose of giving birth to a child and then promptly return home.” Alito asserted that Tuesday’s decision would preserve “a powerful incentive to enter or remain in this country illegally.”

(The case also galvanized those ready to defend birthright citizenship. Two-thirds of the more than 60 “friend of the court” filings in the case sided with the immigrant-rights groups against Trump.)

Trump had made this executive order the centerpiece of his anti-immigration agenda. The Roberts Court has upheld many other initiatives, including just last week, the Trump administration’s decision to end humanitarian relief known as “temporary protected status” for Haitian, Syrian and other migrants whose home countries are torn by military strife or earthquakes and other natural disasters.

But the effort to curtail birthright citizenship seemed particularly personal to Trump, who had taken the dramatic step of attending the Supreme Court oral arguments on April 1.

Immigrants and their advocates who sued argued that the order denying citizenship to babies born to mothers in the US unlawfully or only on a temporary visa violated the 14th Amendment and federal statutes that mirrored its language.

“The Fourteenth Amendment’s fixed bright-line rule has contributed to the growth and thriving of our nation,” the ACLU’s Cecillia Wang, representing the challengers, had told the justices during oral arguments. “It comes from text and history. It is workable, and it prevents manipulation. The Executive Order fails on all those counts. Swaths of American laws would be rendered senseless, thousands of American babies will immediately lose their citizenship, and if you credit the government’s theory, the citizenship of millions of Americans, past, present, and future, could be called into question.”

https://www.cnn.com/

Trump’s lawyers latched onto the 14th Amendment’s “subject to the jurisdiction” phrase. US Solicitor General D. John Sauer said it required that a person be “domiciled” in the United States, to establish a direct allegiance to the country.

“The Citizenship Clause was adopted just after the Civil War to grant citizenship to the newly freed slaves and their children, whose allegiance to the United States had been established by generations of domicile here,” Sauer argued. “It did not grant citizenship to the children of temporary visitors or illegal aliens, who have no such allegiance.”

But the Roberts majority concluded that Congress never considered making an individual’s domicile a condition of birthright citizenship.

“If Congress intended to hinge citizenship on each individual’s domicile … it is reasonable to expect there would have been at least some discussion of the topic,” Roberts wrote, adding that the word “domicile” barely appeared in the relevant discussion and debate over the Citizenship Clause.

When Roberts announced the decision from the elevated bench on Tuesday, he presented it in a steady matter-of-fact tone, as if the outcome was easy and wholly predicable. And after a relatively swift seven minutes laying out the judgment, he concluded, “We break no new ground here.”

His written opinion was similarly tight at 26 pages.

Yet the passion of the dissenters, which was already fueling Trump administration moves, could not be denied.

In his 91-page dissent, Thomas expressed the harshest assessment of the majority’s decision, as he echoed the Trump administration’s insistence that the 14th Amendment enacted after the Civil War specifically guaranteed citizenship for former slaves and their children.

“(T)he Court adds to the sad history of the Fourteenth Amendment, which was designed and understood to secure equal rights for the freed blacks but has instead been repurposed for political projects that the Reconstruction Congress did not support.”

As Thomas concluded his opinion, he quoted from Justice John Marshall Harlan’s dissent from the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson case that upheld racial segregation on trains and other public facilities.

“The Citizenship Clause ‘added greatly to the dignity and glory of American citizenship,’” Thomas wrote, “Today’s opinion devalues that citizenship.”

And Thomas wrote, in a sentiment that Trump would no doubt embrace: “I am not sure that today’s opinion will stand the test of time.”

美中情局长将尖端AI比作核武 称AI正在重塑冲突形态

2026年7月1日 18:34 / 联合早报

美国中情局局长拉特克利夫说，尽管积极采用AI，中情局的决策仍将由人类主导，“只有人能决定正确方向”。 （路透社）

（华盛顿 / 旧金山综合电）美国中央情报局局长拉特克利夫誓言，要加大力度部署人工智能（AI）和量子计算技术，并强调新兴技术的飞速发展正在改变地缘政治的格局。

拉特克利夫星期二（6月30日）在华盛顿一场科技会议上罕见地发表公开讲话，承诺将对中情局进行组织架构调整，以更积极地应用尖端技术。他警告称，美国必须迅速行动，因为竞争对手也在竞相发展人工智能。

他将人工智能的能力比作“数码核武器”，称AI正在重塑冲突形态。

近几个月，美国国安机构越来越多地将尖端AI与核武器相提并论。多家智库指出，这已演变为一场真正的技术“军备竞赛”，即美国与中国及俄罗斯之间的角逐。

拉特克利夫透露，中情局过去六个月已进行约400项技术合同采购，目标是在半年内完成其中大部分交易，缩短此前长达24个月采购加九个月安全审查的流程。

延伸阅读

五角大楼修订原则 未来AI将在选择军事目标决策发挥更大作用 日经：美国毕业生因AI难觅职

虽然拉特克利夫没有透露任何新​​的承包商，但他特别赞扬SpaceX的能力，并表示在上任初期就已邀请SpaceX创始人马斯克以及亚马逊、谷歌和戴尔科技公司的高管访问中情局。

他说，为加速部署AI，中情局加强与私营企业沟通，推出新的采购框架，并推动机构内部数据标准化。

彭博社指，拉特克利夫这番言论与特朗普此前发布的备忘录基调基本一致。该备忘录要求政府各机构迅速采用多家供应商的技术，同时确保相关技术服务不会中断。

拉特克利夫也说，尽管积极采用AI，中情局的决策仍将由人类主导，“只有人能决定正确方向”。

Anthropic将恢复Fable5和Mythos5访问权限

同一天，美国AI公司Anthropic在社媒发文宣布，美国政府已解除对其高性能AI模型Fable 5和Mythos 5的限制，公司很快将在全球范围内恢复对这些模型的访问权限。

过去几个星期，特朗普政府以国家安全为由，限制美国主要科技公司发布先进模型，其中包括Anthropic的模型。一些研究人员担心，这些模型可能被利用来绕过网络安全防护措施。

美国商务部长卢特尼克星期二致函Anthropic，表示政府对公司的紧密配合，采取安全防护措施应对与Fable 5和Mythos 5相关的风险，感到满意。

Anthropic的竞争对手OpenAI上周也在白宫压力下，将新一代旗舰模型GPT-5.6的发布限制在一小群受政府核可的“可信伙伴”范围内。