2026-04-09T11:41:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
黎巴嫩已成为特朗普总统结束伊朗战争努力的焦点，美国和以色列公开与伊朗和巴基斯坦就以色列北部的国家是否纳入本周早些时候宣布的为期两周停火协议产生分歧。
围绕该协议条款的对立立场——以及伊朗有关美国和以色列违反停火协议的指控——正在加剧脆弱的休战局势，与此同时以色列继续在黎巴嫩发动空袭，伊朗则警告称，对违反协议的行为将“付出明确代价并作出强烈回应”。
伊朗副外长表示，以色列周三在黎巴嫩发动的大规模袭击是对停火协议的“严重违反”，并补充称，美国必须“在战争与停火之间做出选择——你不可能两者兼得”。
“你不能一边呼吁停火，一边接受相关条款，确定停火适用区域，明确将黎巴嫩纳入其中，而你的盟友却在那里展开屠杀，”赛义德·哈蒂布扎德在接受哥伦比亚广播公司新闻的合作媒体英国广播公司采访时表示。
哈蒂布扎德表示，美伊之间的协议规定两国及其盟友停止敌对行动，包括在黎巴嫩境内。
伊朗议会议长穆罕默德·巴盖尔·加利巴夫周四在X平台上表示，黎巴嫩和伊朗的其他盟友“是停火协议不可分割的一部分”，并称这是支撑美伊之间协议的10点伊朗提案的“第1条”，“没有否认和反悔的余地”。
加利巴夫指出，促成停火协议的巴基斯坦领导人也“强调了黎巴嫩问题”。巴基斯坦总理夏巴兹·谢里夫周二晚间在X平台上宣布这项协议时表示，伊朗、美国及其盟友“已同意在包括黎巴嫩在内的所有地区立即停火，即刻生效”。
美国和以色列的说法
白宫和以色列政府表示，黎巴嫩从未被纳入停火协议。
特朗普总统周三接受《新闻一小时》记者伊丽莎白·兰德斯采访时表示，以色列继续在黎巴嫩发动袭击“是协议的一部分——所有人都清楚这一点。那是一场独立的小规模冲突”。
副总统JD·万斯表示，美国从未承诺将黎巴嫩纳入停火协议，尽管伊朗声称如此。他将此归因于各方之间的“合理误解”。
以色列还表示，停火协议并不适用于其与黎巴嫩真主党的战争。以色列军方称，周三仅用10分钟就袭击了黎巴嫩境内据称的100个真主党目标。黎巴嫩卫生部表示，至少203人死亡，黎巴嫩总理称造成了大量平民伤亡。以色列国防部长周四表示，空袭中打死了“200名恐怖分子”。
总理本杰明·内塔尼亚胡周四在一份声明中表示，以色列将开始与黎巴嫩进行直接谈判。
“鉴于黎巴嫩多次呼吁与以色列开启直接谈判，我昨日指示内阁尽快与黎巴嫩启动直接谈判，”内塔尼亚胡表示。“谈判将聚焦于解除真主党武装以及建立以黎和平关系。”
周三，内塔尼亚胡称伊朗与美国进行停火谈判时“比以往任何时候都更加疲弱”，且已放弃所有先决条件，包括黎巴嫩境内的停火。
“我坚持认为，与伊朗的临时停火不应包括真主党，”内塔尼亚胡表示。“我们将继续对他们发动猛烈打击。”
当英国广播公司周四问及伊朗是否会要求真主党停止向以色列发射火箭弹时，哈蒂布扎德表示：“很明显，真主党是纯粹的黎巴嫩自由运动。”
他没有否认伊朗革命卫队军官帮助训练和武装真主党战士，但表示“他们并非代表我们行事，这并非事实”。
他还表示，尽管以色列在黎巴嫩发动袭击，伊朗仍然“非常专注于达成协议”。
以黎真主党冲突
自2023年10月7日哈马斯恐怖袭击引发加沙战争以来，以色列与黎巴嫩真主党就一直相互发动袭击。与其受伊朗支持的盟友哈马斯一样，真主党已被美国政府和以色列政府认定为恐怖组织近二十年。欧盟也将真主党的武装 wing 列为恐怖组织。
真主党成立于1982年，是在以色列入侵黎巴嫩后，由伊朗和叙利亚支持的什叶派穆斯林政治和军事力量。自那以后，它既作为政党在黎巴嫩政府内部运作，也在政府之外活动，为其什叶派追随者提供服务，并维持自己的准军事部队。
以色列在2023年10月7日袭击后发动加沙战争，真主党随即开始向以色列北部发动常规火箭弹袭击，称此举是为了支持哈马斯和巴勒斯坦人民。
自那以后，以色列以大规模空袭报复黎巴嫩南部和贝鲁特郊区的真主党据点。黎巴嫩官员表示，以色列的袭击已造成至少100万人流离失所。2024年，以色列在贝鲁特的一次空袭中炸死了真主党长期领导人哈桑·纳斯鲁拉。
在2023年10月7日袭击后的很长一段时间里，黎巴嫩边境附近的以色列北部社区居民也因真主党的火箭弹袭击被迫逃离家园。内塔尼亚胡及其内阁成员多次表示，以色列将继续在黎巴嫩开展行动，直到所有以色列居民能够安全返回家园。
“北部的优秀居民们，我们致力于为你们恢复安全，”内塔尼亚胡周三表示。
霍尔木兹海峡
对霍尔木兹海峡航运的控制权仍是复杂化美伊停火谈判的另一个关键问题。伊朗并未放松对这条关键航道的控制，在伊朗战争爆发前，全球约20%的石油供应通过该海峡的油轮运输。
“毫无疑问，我们将为安全通行提供保障，这将在美国真正停止侵略之后实现，”伊朗的哈蒂布扎德周四在谈及霍尔木兹海峡时告诉英国广播公司。
他表示，伊朗将与阿曼“当然还有国际社会”共同制定“一套从现在起适用于霍尔木兹海峡安全通行的规程”。
霍尔木兹海峡是海上交通的地理瓶颈，波斯湾的所有货物都必须经过该海峡才能进入阿拉伯海以及亚洲利润丰厚的市场。该海峡北临伊朗，南临阿曼。
霍尔木兹海峡是海湾国家石油运输的关键通道。贝德尔汉·德米雷尔/阿纳多卢通讯社通过盖蒂图片社拍摄
“我想我们已经向所有人表明，能源安全对伊朗至关重要，对波斯湾这片水域也至关重要，我们将遵守国际规范和国际法……如果安全通行意味着制定一项永远确保这片水域和平的新规程，那没问题，”但安全应该是双向的，哈蒂布扎德表示。
这位外交官表示，伊朗对与美国达成最终和平协议的前景“存有诸多疑虑”，暗示德黑兰认为华盛顿可能只是在耗尽外交渠道，却计划重新诉诸军事力量，或者“只发号施令而不妥协”。
特朗普总统表示，他预计伊朗将遵守他所说的在本周末计划中的谈判前达成的停火协议条款，并警告称，如果伊朗不遵守，他将下令对该国发动大规模袭击。
萨拉·林奇·鲍德温和凯瑟琳·沃森对本文亦有贡献。
Israel’s war in Lebanon becomes a flashpoint as Iran says U.S. must choose “between war and ceasefire”
2026-04-09T11:41:00-0400 / CBS News
Lebanon has emerged as a flashpoint in President Trump’s effort to end the Iran war, with the U.S. and Israel publicly disagreeing with Iran and Pakistan over whether the country to Israel’s north is included in the two-week ceasefire announced earlier this week.
Opposing stances over the terms of the deal — and claims by Iran of U.S. and Israeli ceasefire violations — are straining the fragile truce as Israel continues launching strikes in Lebanon and Iran warns of “explicit costs and strong responses” to breaches of the deal.
Iran’s deputy foreign minister said sweeping attacks Israel carried out Wednesday in Lebanon were “a grave violation” of the ceasefire agreement, adding that the U.S. must choose “between war and ceasefire — you cannot have it both at the same time.”
“You cannot ask for a ceasefire and then accept terms and conditions, accept areas the ceasefire is applied to, and name Lebanon, exactly Lebanon in that, and then your ally just start a massacre,” Saeed Khatibzadeh told the BBC, CBS News’ partner network.
Khatibzadeh said the agreement between the U.S. and Iran stipulated a cessastion of hostilities by both countries and their allies, including in Lebanon.
Iran’s parliament speaker Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf said Thursday on X that Lebanon and other allies of Iran “form an inseparable part of the ceasefire,” calling it “Point 1” of the 10-point Iranian proposal that underpins the agreement between Washington and Tehran, with “no room for denial and backtracking.”
Qalibaf noted that the leader of Pakistan, which brokered the ceasefire agreement, had also “stressed the Lebanon issue.” Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif said Tuesday night on X, as he announced the deal, that Iran, the U.S and “their allies” had “agreed to an immediate ceasefire everywhere including Lebanon and elsewhere, EFFECTIVE IMMEDIATELY.”
What the U.S. and Israel say
The White House and Israel’s government says Lebanon was never part of the ceasefire agreement.
President Trump told PBS News Hour’s correspondent Elizabeth Landers on Wednesday that Israel continuing its attacks in Lebanon was “part of the deal — everyone knows that. That’s a separate skirmish.”
Vice President JD Vance said the U.S. never promised Lebanon would be included in the ceasefire agreement, despite Iran’s claims it was. He chalked it up to a “reasonable misunderstanding” between the parties.
Israel also has said the ceasefire agreement does not extend to its war with Hezbollah in Lebanon, where Israel’s military said it hit 100 purported Hezbollah targets across the country on Wednesday in just 10 minutes. Lebanon’s health ministry says at least 203 people were killed, and its prime minister said there were significant civilian casualties. Israel’s defense minister said Thursday that “200 terrorists” were killed in the strikes.
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said in a statement Thursday that Israel would begin its own negotiations with Lebanon.
“In light of Lebanon’s repeated calls to open direct negotiations with Israel, I instructed the Cabinet yesterday to open direct negotiations with Lebanon as soon as possible,” Netanyahu said. “The negotiations will focus on disarming Hezbollah and establishing peaceful relations between Israel and Lebanon.”
On Wednesday, Netanyahu said Iran had entered ceasefire negotiations with the U.S. “battered and weaker than ever,” and that it had waived all of its preconditions, including a ceasefire in Lebanon.
“I insisted that the temporary ceasefire with Iran not include Hezbollah,” Netanyahu said. “And we continue to strike them forcefully.”
When asked Thursday by the BBC if Iran would tell Hezbollah to stop firing rockets into Israel, Khatibzadeh said “it is quite clear that Hezbollah is a pure Lebanese freedom movement.”
He did not deny that Iranian Revolutionary Guard officers help train and arm Hezbollah fighters, but said “it is not true that they are acting on behalf of us.”
He also said that, despite Israel’s attacks in Lebanon, Iran remained “very much focused on getting an agreement done.”
The Israel-Hezbollah conflict
Israel and Hezbollah in Lebanon have been exchanging strikes since shortly after the Oct. 7, 2023 Hamas terror attack that sparked the war in Gaza. Like its much smaller Iran-backed ally Hamas, Hezbollah has been designated as a terrorist organization by the United States government, and Israel’s, for almost two decades. The European Union also considers Hezbollah’s armed wing a terrorist group.
Hezbollah was formed in 1982 as a Shiite Muslim political and military force with the support of Iran and Syria, after an Israeli invasion of Lebanon. It has functioned since then within the Lebanese government as a political party, but also outside of it, providing services to its Shiite followers and maintaining its own paramilitary force.
After Israel launched its war in Gaza in response to the Oct. 7 attack, Hezbollah started launching regular rocket strikes on northern Israel in support, it said, of Hamas and the Palestinian people.
Since then, Israel has retaliated with extensive strikes on Hezbollah strongholds in southern Lebanon and Beirut’s suburbs. Lebanese officials say at least 1 million people have been displaced by the Israeli assault. In 2024, Israel killed Hezbollah’s longtime leader Hassan Nasrallah with a strike in Beirut.
For significant periods after the Oct. 7 attack, Israeli residents in northern Israelis communities, near the Lebanese border, were also forced to flee their homes for safety due to the Hezbollah rocket attacks. Netanyahu and members of his cabinet have said repeatedly that Israel will continue its operations in Lebanon until it is safe for all Israeli residents to return to their homes.
“Wonderful residents of the North, we are committed to returning security to you,” Netanyahu said Wednesday.
The Strait of Hormuz
Control over shipping traffic through the Strait of Hormuz remains another key issue complicating the U.S.-Iran ceasefire. Iran has not loosened its grip on the vital waterway, through which about 20% of the world’s oil supply was being transported on tankers before the Iran war began.
“Definitely, we are going to provide security for safe passage and it is going to happen after the United States actually withdraws this aggression,” Iran’s Khatibzadeh told the BBC Thursday, speaking of the strait.
He said Iran would determine a “protocol which is going to run from now on on safe passage in the Strait of Hormuz,” inconjunction with Oman “and, of course, with the international community.”
The strait is a geographical bottleneck for maritime traffic through which all goods from the Persian Gulf must pass to enter the Arabian Sea and the lucrative markets of Asia beyond. It is bordered by Iran to the north and Oman to the south.
The Strait of Hormuz is a crucial passageway for oil shipments from Gulf states. Bedirhan Demirel/Anadolu via Getty
“I think that we have shown to everybody that energy security is important for Iran, it’s important for this body of water in the Persian Gulf, and we are going to abide by the international norms and international law … If safe passage mean[s] that a new protocol that ensure[s] forever that this body of water will be peaceful, then that’s okay,” but that safety should be two-sided, Khatibzadeh said.
The diplomat said Iran had “many doubts” about the prospects for a final peace agreement with the U.S., suggesting Tehran believed Washington could just be exhausting diplomatic channels but planning to revert to military force, or “dictating and not compromising.”
President Trump has said he expects Iran to comply with the terms he says were agreed on for a ceasefire ahead of planned negotiations this weekend, warning that if it doesn’t, he will order large-scale attacks on the country.
Sarah Lynch Baldwin and Kathryn Watson contributed to this report.