2026-05-01T21:30:34.618Z / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
上诉法院叫停FDA允许女性通过邮寄获取堕胎药的规定
作者：蒂尔尼·斯尼德
更新于1小时41分钟前
更新时间：2026年5月1日，美国东部时间下午6:26
发布时间：2026年5月1日，美国东部时间下午5:30
美国联邦上诉法院暂时恢复了全国范围内堕胎药需线下获取的要求。
纳塔莉·贝林/盖蒂图片社
美国联邦上诉法院暂时恢复了全国范围内堕胎药需线下获取的要求，这削弱了药物流产的可及性——自美国最高法院推翻《罗伊诉韦德案》以来，药物流产的普及程度反而不断提高。
美国第五巡回上诉法院周五的裁决，是反堕胎运动对抗药物流产的一次重大胜利。目前药物流产约占美国所有堕胎手术的三分之二。
此次裁决源于路易斯安那州去年针对美国食品药品监督管理局提起的诉讼。此前唐纳德·特朗普政府拒绝通过监管程序恢复堕胎药线下配药要求的呼吁。
该意见由特朗普任命的巡回法官凯尔·邓肯撰写，另外两位参与联署的巡回法官莱斯利·索思威克和库尔特·恩格尔哈特分别由乔治·W·布什和特朗普任命。
相关报道 CNN分析：药物流产比青霉素、伟哥和手术流产更安全 阅读时长4分钟
法官们在提及路易斯安那州的堕胎禁令时写道，现行联邦监管规定为“州外医生绕过路易斯安那州法律，将药物交到路易斯安那州居民手中提供了有效途径”。
自新冠疫情以来，寻求堕胎的民众可以通过远程医疗问诊获取米非司酮——药物流产方案中的两种药物之一。在最高法院2023年通过“多布斯诉杰克逊妇女健康组织案”推翻1973年保护全国堕胎权的《罗伊诉韦德案》先例后，乔·拜登政府最终敲定规则，终止了堕胎药需线下就诊获取的要求。
路易斯安那州声称，这一监管举措旨在破坏该州随罗伊案被推翻而生效的堕胎禁令，并表示目前该州境内每年有数百例堕胎手术，原因是女性可以通过远程医疗问诊后通过邮寄获取药物。
“美国食品药品监督管理局的每一次堕胎操作，都在抵消路易斯安那州对药物流产的禁令，破坏其‘每个未出生的孩子从受孕那一刻起就是人类，因此是法律意义上的人’的政策，”上诉法院周五在裁决书中写道。
米非司酮制造商GenBioPro的首席执行官埃文·马辛吉尔作为本案原告之一，在一份声明中表示，公司“对该法院的裁决感到震惊，它无视了FDA严谨的科学依据以及米非司酮数十年来的安全使用记录，这起诉讼由极端反堕胎人士发起。……我们将继续采取一切必要行动，让米非司酮可供国内尽可能多的民众获取，无论反堕胎特殊利益集团如何试图破坏患者的可及性。”
此次裁决是围绕堕胎药可及性展开的多年法律战的最新进展。两年前，这一问题曾提交至美国最高法院，当时大法官们裁定反堕胎医生没有起诉资格挑战相关监管规定。
CNN对米非司酮数据的分析显示，该药物的安全性极高，报告的副作用数量远低于伟哥或青霉素。米非司酮也比手术流产更安全，而手术流产在十多个州已被禁止或严格限制。
相关报道 2022年6月17日，在新墨西哥州圣特雷莎的女性生殖诊所，工作人员展示米非司酮（米非司酮片）和米索前列醇，这两种药物用于药物流产。米非司酮首先服用以终止妊娠，随后服用米索前列醇以诱导出血。 – 在美国最高法院推翻《罗伊诉韦德案》并取消联邦保护的堕胎权后，来自德克萨斯州和其他州的女性前往新墨西哥州等州的诊所，根据该州更宽松的法律获取合法的堕胎服务。 – 仅限编辑使用（照片由罗宾·贝克/法新社拍摄）/ 仅限编辑使用（照片由ROBYN BECK/法新社通过盖蒂图片社拍摄） 罗宾·贝克/法新社/盖蒂图片社 什么是米非司酮？ 阅读时长4分钟
远程医疗堕胎案例日益增多
美国大多数堕胎手术仍为线下进行，但通过远程医疗提供的药物流产正变得越来越普遍。根据家庭计划协会赞助的研究项目#WeCount的最新数据，2025年上半年，全国超过四分之一的堕胎手术通过远程医疗完成，这一比例在2022年还不到十分之一。
“多布斯案”裁决后，部分州开始制定庇护法，为在合法堕胎地区执业的医疗提供者提供法律保护，使其可以通过远程医疗为生活在堕胎禁令或限制地区的民众开具药物流产药物。据古特马赫研究所的数据，目前已有八个州出台了庇护法，无论患者身处何地，都可覆盖远程医疗配药服务。
古特马赫研究所的估算显示，2025年，约有9.1万例远程医疗堕胎手术通过庇护法为全面禁止堕胎的州的民众提供服务。仍有数万人跨州线下接受堕胎手术，但这一数字随着远程医疗堕胎的普及而不断下降。古特马赫研究所估计，2024年至2025年间，全面禁止堕胎州内跨州堕胎的人数减少了约1.2万，而向全面禁止堕胎州民众提供的远程医疗堕胎手术数量增加了约1.9万。
最新的#WeCount数据显示，堕胎合法州的民众也会通过远程医疗获取堕胎护理，但不同州通过远程医疗完成的堕胎手术占比差异巨大。
其他多个反堕胎州也提出了与路易斯安那州类似的主张。与路易斯安那州一同作为原告起诉FDA的还有一名女性，她声称自己被胁迫服用从外州邮寄来的堕胎药物终止妊娠。
此前，负责审理此案的法官对路易斯安那州的论点表示同情，但拒绝发布初步命令推翻相关监管规定。美国地区法官戴维·约瑟夫转而批准了特朗普政府的请求，将此案搁置，等待FDA对现行米非司酮监管规定进行自身审查。
特朗普政府并未在实质问题上为FDA针对米非司酮的监管方式辩护，但辩称路易斯安那州的诉讼存在程序缺陷，应判该州败诉。第五巡回上诉法院驳回了这些论点，同时也驳回了介入此案全力为放宽堕胎药获取规则辩护的两家米非司酮制造商的论点。
维权人士称裁决“无视明确科学依据”
“远程医疗一直是许多寻求堕胎者的最后一道护理桥梁，这也正是路易斯安那州官员想要禁止它的原因，”生殖权利中心主席兼首席执行官南希·诺斯鲁普在一份声明中表示。“这与科学无关——这是在尽可能让堕胎变得困难、昂贵且难以企及。远程医疗改变了医疗行业。选择性地剥夺堕胎患者的这一权利，是一种政治封锁。”
美国公民自由联盟生殖自由项目高级法律顾问朱莉娅·凯伊在一份声明中表示，该裁决“无视明确的科学依据和既定法律，推进了深受美国民众反对的反堕胎议程。对于无数人来说，尤其是那些生活在农村地区、遭受亲密伴侣暴力或残疾人士，失去远程医疗选项将意味着彻底无法获取这一关键药物。”
生殖自由组织表示，法院正在“规定医疗实践并推翻合法堕胎地区的州法律”。
“法院的裁决使全国堕胎禁令又近了一步。民众获取堕胎护理的难度 now 大大增加了，”该组织主席兼首席执行官米妮·蒂马拉朱在一份声明中说。“反堕胎政客知道他们的政策不受欢迎，所以他们正在动用政府的所有手段。路易斯安那州的案件建立在被揭穿的伪科学之上。米非司酮的安全性从未真正受到过质疑。随着此案提交至美国最高法院，我们将继续斗争，直到每个人都能获得所需的护理。”
_CNN记者迪尔德雷·麦克菲利普斯和凯瑟琳·迪林杰对本文亦有贡献。
By Tierney Sneed
Updated 1 hr 41 min ago
Updated May 1, 2026, 6:26 PM ET
PUBLISHED May 1, 2026, 5:30 PM ET
A federal appeals court temporarily reinstated a nationwide requirement that abortion pills be obtained in person.
Natalie Behring/Getty Images
A federal appeals court temporarily reinstated a nationwide requirement that abortion pills be obtained in person, undermining access to the method of abortion that has only grown more widespread since the US Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade.
Friday’s ruling from the 5th US Circuit Court of Appeals is a major victory in the anti-abortion movement’s war against medication abortion, which now accounts for roughly two-thirds of all abortions in the United States.
The ruling stems from a lawsuit filed by Louisiana last year against the US Food and Drug Administration, after President Donald Trump’s administration refused to act on calls to reinstate the in-person dispensing requirement for abortion pills through the regulatory process.
The opinion was written by Trump-appointed Circuit Judge Kyle Duncan, joined by Circuit Judges Leslie Southwick and Kurt Engelhardt, who were appointed by Presidents George W. Bush and Trump, respectively.
Related article Medication abortion pill is safer than penicillin, Viagra and procedural abortion, CNN analysis shows 4 min read
Referring to Louisiana abortion prohibitions, they wrote that the current federal regulations create “an effective way for an out-of-state prescriber to place the drug in the hands of Louisianans in defiance of Louisiana law.”
Since the Covid-19 pandemic, abortion-seekers have been able to obtain mifepristone – one of the two drugs in the medication abortion regimen – through telehealth appointments. President Joe Biden’s administration finalized rules that ended the requirement that the pills be obtained through an in-person doctor’s visit in 2023, after the US Supreme Court overturned the 1973 Roe precedent protecting abortion rights nationwide with Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization.
Louisiana alleged that that regulatory maneuver was aimed at undermining the abortion ban that went into effect in the state with the reversal of Roe and says that now, hundreds of abortions are occurring every year within its borders because women are able to obtain pills via mail after telehealth visits with providers.
“Every abortion facilitated by FDA’s action cancels Louisiana’s ban on medical abortions and undermines its policy that ‘every unborn child is human being from the moment of conception and is, therefore, a legal person,’” the appeals court wrote Friday.
Evan Masingill, CEO of mifepristone manufacturer GenBioPro, a plaintiff in the lawsuit, said in a statement that the company is “alarmed by this court’s decision to ignore the FDA’s rigorous science and decades of safe use of mifepristone in a case pursued by extremist abortion opponents. … We remain committed to taking any actions necessary to make mifepristone available and accessible to as many people as possible in the country, regardless of anti-abortion special interests trying to undermine patients’ access.”
The ruling is the latest development in a yearslong legal battle over access to abortion pills. The issue reached the US Supreme Court two years ago, in a case in which the justices ruled that anti-abortion doctors lacked standing to challenge the regulations.
A CNN analysis of mifepristone data shows that the drug is overwhelmingly safe and has fewer reported side effects than Viagra or penicillin. Mifepristone is also safer than procedural abortions, which are banned or heavily restricted in more than a dozen states.
Related article Mifepristone (Mifeprex) and Misoprostol, the two drugs used in a medication abortion, are seen at the Women’s Reproductive Clinic, which provides legal medication abortion services, in Santa Teresa, New Mexico, on June 17, 2022. Mifepristone is taken first to stop the pregnancy, followed by Misoprostol to induce bleeding. – In the wake of Friday’s ruling by the US Supreme Court striking down Roe v Wade and the federally protected right to an abortion, women from Texas and other states are traveling to clinics like the Women’s Reproductive Health Clinic in New Mexico for legal abortion services under the state’s more liberal laws. – RESTRICTED TO EDITORIAL USE (Photo by Robyn Beck / AFP) / RESTRICTED TO EDITORIAL USE (Photo by ROBYN BECK/AFP via Getty Images) Robyn Beck/AFP/Getty Images What is mifepristone? 4 min read
Telehealth abortions on the rise
Most abortions in the United States happen in person, but medication abortion provided through telehealth is becoming more common. More than 1 in 4 abortions nationwide were provided through telehealth in the first half of 2025, according to the latest data from #WeCount, a research project sponsored by the Society of Family Planning — up from fewer than 1 in 10 in 2022.
After the Dobbs decision, some states started to enact shield laws that offer some legal protections for providers who practice where abortion remains legal to prescribe medication abortion drugs via telehealth to people living in states with bans or restrictions. Eight states now have shield laws that cover telehealth provision regardless of where the patient is located, according to the Guttmacher Institute.
In 2025, about 91,000 telehealth abortions were provided under shield laws to people in states with total abortion bans, Guttmacher estimates show. Tens of thousands of people still travel across state lines to receive an abortion in person, but that number is falling as telehealth abortion becomes more common. Between 2024 and 2025, about 12,000 fewer people in states with total abortion bans traveled out-of-state for an abortion, while the number of telehealth abortions to people in states with total abortion bans increased by about 19,000, according to Guttmacher estimates.
The latest #WeCount data shows that people in states where abortion remains legal also utilize telehealth for abortion care, but the share of abortions provided via telehealth varies widely by state.
Several other states with anti-abortion laws are making claims similar to Louisiana’s. Joining Louisiana as a plaintiff in the lawsuit against the FDA is a woman who alleges that she was coerced into terminating a pregnancy by taking abortion pills that were shipped in from out of state.
Previously, the judge overseeing the case expressed sympathy with Louisiana’s arguments but declined to issue a preliminary order reversing the regulations. US District Judge David Joseph had instead granted a Trump administration request to put the case on hold while the FDA does its own review of the current mifepristone regulations.
The Trump administration had stopped short of defending the FDA’s regulatory approach to the mifepristone on the merits, but it argued that Louisiana’s lawsuit suffered procedural defects that warranted ruling against the state. The 5th Circuit rejected those arguments and the arguments of two mifepristone manufacturers that intervened in the case to put up a full-throated defense of the rules that made abortion pills easier to obtain.
Advocates say decision ‘defies clear science’
“Telehealth has been the last bridge to care for many seeking abortion, which is precisely why Louisiana officials want it banned,” Nancy Northup, president and CEO of the Center for Reproductive Rights, said in a statement. “This isn’t about science – it’s about making abortion as difficult, expensive, and unreachable as possible. Telehealth has transformed healthcare. Selectively stripping that away from abortion patients is a political blockade.”
Julia Kaye, senior staff attorney for the Reproductive Freedom Project of the ACLU, said in a statement that the decision “defies clear science and settled law and advances an anti-abortion agenda that is deeply unpopular with the American people. For countless people, especially those who live in rural areas, face intimate partner violence, or live with disabilities, losing a telemedicine option will mean losing access to this vital medication altogether.”
Reproductive Freedom for All said the court is “dictating medical practice and overriding state laws” in places where abortion is legal.
“The court’s decision moves us one step closer to a national abortion ban. It is now much more difficult for people to access abortion care,” President and CEO Mini Timmaraju said in a statement. “Anti-abortion politicians know their policies are unpopular, so they are using every lever of government they can. Louisiana built this case on debunked, junk science. The safety of mifepristone has never actually been in question. As this case moves towards the U.S. Supreme Court, we will fight until every person has access to the care they need.”
CNN’s Deidre McPhillips and Katherine Dillinger contributed to this report.