By Ashley Oliver
Fox News
Published March 5, 2026 6:39pm EST | Updated March 6, 2026 1:05pm EST
特朗普政府周五向法院表示，他们需要大约六周时间来制定一个系统，以便开始对总统唐纳德·特朗普的关税进行退款流程。最高法院最近宣布这些关税无效。
美国海关与边境保护局（CBP）一名官员在向美国国际贸易法院提交的声明中透露了这一消息，称该机构无法立即遵守联邦法官开始退款流程的命令。
据该官员称，该机构面临至少5300万笔退款，总额达1660亿美元，需要额外时间来制定处理这些退款的方法。该官员表示，建立一个自动化系统将节省约400万小时的工作量，并指出此次退款流程的”前所未有的规模”。
该官员写道，CBP的”现有行政程序和技术并不适合如此规模的任务”，这”目前会阻碍人员充分执行该机构的贸易执法使命”。他表示有信心在未来几周内制定出更简化的流程。
总统唐纳德·特朗普展示非互惠关税示例。(Mandel Ngan/Getty Images)
在伊顿法官发布长达三页的命令，详细阐述数十亿美元退款流程后，该声明才被提交。伊顿法官表示，退款流程将从美国海关与边境保护局计算进口商在没有关税情况下本应支付的金额开始。伊顿还明确表示，他对这些退款拥有专属管辖权，已有超过1000家公司在贸易法院就此提起诉讼。
“首席法官已表明，我是唯一将审理与[《国际紧急经济权力法》]关税退款相关案件的法官，”伊顿写道，”因此，不存在其他法官（即使是本法院的法官）会得出相反结论的风险。”
本案由Atmus Filtration, Inc.公司提起，该公司曾缴纳特朗普的关税。特朗普去年根据《国际紧急经济权力法》（IEEPA）以紧急状态为由对几乎所有国家征收关税。
《国际紧急经济权力法》是1977年通过的一项法律，允许总统在宣布针对外国威胁的国家紧急状态后，对某些经济交易进行监管或阻止，例如实施制裁。
最高法院在2月份以6:3的投票结果裁定，阻止特朗普使用紧急状态法对贸易伙伴实施大规模关税。多数意见认为，即使在宣布国家紧急状态后，《国际紧急经济权力法》也不授权征收关税，因为国会并未明确授予行政部门这项权力。
伊顿表示，所有缴纳这些关税的进口商均有权从最高法院的裁决中受益。
伊顿认为，美国海关与边境保护局应计算受影响的进口商品，就好像关税从未实施过一样，法官表示这最终将为向企业退款铺平道路。
TRUMP RESPONDS TO SUPREME COURT RULING REJECTING SWEEPING TARIFFS POWERS: ‘A DISGRACE’
黄昏时分的最高法院大楼外观（文件照片）。(Drew Angerer/Getty Images)
最高法院多数意见在裁决中未涉及退款流程，将其留给下级法院处理。然而，布雷特·卡瓦诺大法官在异议意见中质疑美国财政部如何处理数十亿美元的退款，并警告这将带来”严重实际后果”。
“美国可能需要向缴纳了《国际紧急经济权力法》关税的进口商退还数十亿美元，尽管一些进口商可能已经将成本转嫁给了消费者或其他人，”卡瓦诺写道，”正如口头辩论中所承认的，退款流程可能会是一场’混乱’。”
伊顿在发布命令前的听证会上对此表示异议。
“提供退款的规定并无特别新颖之处……我相信提供这些退款不会造成混乱，也不会导致混乱局面，”伊顿根据Politico报道称。
伊顿将于周五主持双方当事人的闭门会议，进一步讨论退款流程。
Ashley Oliver是Fox News Digital和FOX Business的记者，负责报道司法部和法律事务。可通过电子邮件向Ashley Oliver提供新闻线索：ashley.oliver@fox.com。
Justice Brett Kavanaugh warned refund process would be a ‘mess’ with ‘serious practical consequences’
By Ashley Oliver
Fox News
Published March 5, 2026 6:39pm EST | Updated March 6, 2026 1:05pm EST
The Trump administration told a court on Friday that it needed about six weeks to come up with a system to begin the refund process for President Donald Trump’s tariffs that the Supreme Court recently invalidated.
A U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) official made the revelation in a declaration to the U.S. Court of International Trade, saying the agency could not immediately comply with a federal judge’s order to begin the refund process.
The agency is staring down at least 53 million refunds totaling $166 billion, according to the official, and that it needed the extra time to work out a way to process them. Building an automated system would save roughly four million hours of work, the official said, noting the ‘unprecedented magnitude’ of the refund process.
CBP’s ‘existing administrative procedures and technology are not well suited to a task of this scale,’ which currently would ‘prevent personnel from fully carrying out the agency’s trade enforcement mission,’ the official wrote. He said he was ‘confident’ the agency could come up with a more streamlined process in the coming weeks.
President Donald Trump shows off non-reciprocal tariff examples.(Mandel Ngan/Getty Images)
The declaration comes after Judge Richard Eaton, an appointee of former President Bill Clinton, laid out the multibillion-dollar refund process in a three-page order, saying it would begin with CBP calculating what importers would have paid without the tariffs. Eaton also made clear he had sole jurisdiction over the refunds, which more than 1,000 companies have sued over in the trade court.
‘The Chief Judge has indicated that I am the only judge who will hear cases pertaining to the refund of [International Emergency Economic Powers Act] duties,’ Eaton wrote. ‘So there is no danger that another Judge, even one in this Court, will reach any contrary conclusions.’
The case in question was brought by Atmus Filtration, Inc., a company that paid President Donald Trump’s tariffs, which Trump imposed on nearly every country on an emergency basis under IEEPA last year.
The IEEPA is a 1977 law that allows the president – after declaring a national emergency in response to foreign threats – to regulate or block certain economic transactions, such as by imposing sanctions.
The Supreme Court decided 6-3 in February to block Trump’s use of the emergency law to impose sweeping tariffs on trading partners. The majority held that IEEPA does not authorize tariffs, even after a national emergency declaration, because Congress did not clearly grant the executive branch that power.
All importers who paid those duties were entitled to benefit from the Supreme Court’s ruling, Eaton said.
Eaton said CBP should calculate the affected imports as if the tariffs had never applied, which the judge signaled would eventually pave the way for refunds to the companies.
TRUMP RESPONDS TO SUPREME COURT RULING REJECTING SWEEPING TARIFFS POWERS: ‘A DISGRACE’
The facade of the Supreme Court building at dusk is shown in this file photo.(Drew Angerer/Getty Images)
The Supreme Court majority left the refund process unaddressed in its decision, leaving it to the lower courts to mete out. Justice Brett Kavanaugh, however, questioned in his dissent how the U.S. Treasury could go about refunding companies to the tune of billions of dollars, warning of ‘serious practical consequences.’
‘The United States may be required to refund billions of dollars to importers who paid the IEEPA tariffs, even though some importers may have already passed on costs to consumers or others,’ Kavanaugh wrote. ‘As was acknowledged at oral argument, the refund process is likely to be a ‘mess.’’
Eaton disputed that notion during a hearing just prior to issuing his order.
Justice Brett Kavanaugh dissented in a major Supreme Court decision striking down Trump’s emergency tariffs.(AP Photo/Susan Walsh)
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‘There is nothing particularly novel about the provision of refunds. … I believe that there will be no chaos associated with the provision of these refunds and that it will not result in a mess,’ Eaton said, according to Politico.
Eaton is set to preside over a closed-door conference with the parties in the case on Friday to further discuss the refund process.
Ashley Oliver is a reporter for Fox News Digital and FOX Business, covering the Justice Department and legal affairs. Email story tips to ashley.oliver@fox.com.
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