2026-07-15T10:03:48.38Z / 路透社
美国华盛顿白宫椭圆形办公室，2026年7月14日，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普在与伊拉克总理阿里·阿尔-扎伊迪（未在画面中）举行双边会谈时指向前方。路透社/埃文·武奇 授权许可使用，新标签页打开
- 内容摘要
- 诉讼旨在阻止2025年制裁国际刑事法院法官、检察官及部分巴勒斯坦组织的行政令
- 组织称制裁迫使它们停止向国际刑事法院提交文件并暂停维权协调，以避免面临罚款和监禁
- 在美国承诺实施更严厉制裁和旅行禁令后，欧盟和荷兰对国际刑事法院表示支持
华盛顿7月15日路透电 —— 两家美国本土维权组织周三起诉特朗普政府，指控针对国际刑事法院（ICC）的制裁违反了宪法第一修正案规定的言论自由保护条款，与此同时美国官员本周发起了一场旨在解散该法院的外交运动。
唐纳德·特朗普总统及其他美国政界人士长期以来一直声称，国际刑事法院无权调查或起诉美国人，特别是美军成员。周一，特朗普政府称该法院对美国主权构成威胁，并承诺扩大制裁范围，包括对国际刑事法院工作人员实施旅行禁令，同时加大对这家总部位于海牙的法院的外交施压，此举招致欧洲盟友的批评。
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在纽约联邦法院提起的这起诉讼中，“为阿拉伯世界现在而战的民主”组织和“反对种族灭绝纳税人联盟”寻求叫停特朗普2025年2月签署的行政令。根据该行政令，国际刑事法院法官、检察官以及呼吁该法院调查美国和以色列在加沙战争期间可能犯下战争罪指控的巴勒斯坦人权组织均遭到了制裁。
据路透社看到的起诉状副本显示，这些组织表示，他们已经避免向国际刑事法院提交文件，也不再与受制裁对象协调维权行动，其中包括联合国巴勒斯坦问题特别报告员弗朗西斯卡·阿尔巴内塞，以免遭到罚款和潜在的监禁处罚。
“特朗普政府动用经济制裁这一粗暴手段，不仅是为了惩罚人权捍卫者，更是为了管控数百万美国人的政治言论，”“为阿拉伯世界现在而战的民主”组织执行董事奥马尔·沙基尔在一份声明中说道。
特朗普对国际刑事法院的反对可以追溯到他的第一任期。特朗普2020年签署的一项类似行政令曾被一名法官叫停，该法官认为这项行政令很可能违反了第一修正案，随后该行政令在2021年被乔·拜登总统的政府撤销。
欧盟、荷兰支持国际刑事法院
去年，在国际刑事法院对特朗普的盟友、以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡发出逮捕令后，特朗普政府发起了新的举措以惩罚国际刑事法院官员。另有三名国际刑事法院法官就制裁事宜单独起诉特朗普政府。
2020年3月，国际刑事法院检察官启动了对阿富汗的调查，其中包括调查美军可能犯下的罪行，但自2021年以来，该调查已将重点从美国转移，聚焦于阿富汗政府和塔利班武装力量被指犯下的罪行。
这家总部位于荷兰的法院近年来未采取任何措施调查美国人员。欧盟周二重申了对国际刑事法院的支持，并表示欧盟致力于打击有罪不罚现象。
“针对该法院、当选官员、工作人员或与该法院合作人员的攻击或威胁，绝对不可接受。我们还应铭记，国际刑事法院不会以主权国家为目标，也不会对它们的主权构成威胁，”欧盟委员会发言人阿努瓦尔·埃尔·阿努尼在一场吹风会上说道。
荷兰外交部表示，独立法院和法庭必须能够不受阻碍地履行职责。“我们注意到美国的声明，这一立场并不新鲜，但我们对其强硬态度感到担忧，”该外交部在给路透社的一则消息中说道。
西蒙·刘易斯 华盛顿报道；巴特·梅耶斯 阿姆斯特丹补充报道；桑吉夫·米格拉尼 编辑
Trump’s ICC order violates free speech, advocacy groups say in lawsuit
2026-07-15T10:03:48.38Z / Reuters
U.S. President Donald Trump points his finger as he participates in a bilateral meeting with Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi (not pictured) in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington, D.C., U.S., July 14, 2026. REUTERS/Evan Vucci Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
- Summary
- Lawsuit seeks to block 2025 order that sanctioned ICC judges, prosecutors and some Palestinian groups
- Groups say sanctions forced them to halt ICC submissions and advocacy coordination to avoid fines and prison
- The EU and the Netherlands backed the ICC after Washington pledged tougher sanctions and travel bans
WASHINGTON, July 15 (Reuters) – Two U.S.-based advocacy groups sued the Trump administration on Wednesday, arguing that sanctions imposed on the International Criminal Court (ICC) violate constitutional free speech protections after U.S. officials launched a diplomatic campaign this week aimed at dismantling the court.
President Donald Trump and other U.S. politicians have long said that the ICC should not have the authority to investigate or prosecute Americans, particularly members of the military. On Monday, the administration said the court posed a threat to U.S. sovereignty and pledged to expand sanctions, including travel bans for ICC staff, while increasing diplomatic pressure on the Hague-based court, drawing criticism from European allies.
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In a lawsuit filed at a federal court in New York, Democracy for the Arab World Now and the Taxpayer Alliance Against Genocide sought to block Trump’s February 2025 executive order, under which sanctions have been imposed on ICC judges and prosecutors and Palestinian human rights groups who called for the court to investigate allegations that the U.S. and Israel may have committed war crimes during the war in Gaza.
The groups say they have refrained from filing submissions with the ICC and coordinating advocacy with those hit by the sanctions, including Francesca Albanese, the United Nations special rapporteur for Palestine, for fear of fines and potential prison terms, according to a copy of their complaint seen by Reuters.
“The Trump administration is using the blunt instrument of economic sanctions not only to punish human rights defenders but to police the political expression of millions of Americans,” Omar Shakir, executive director of Democracy for the Arab World Now, said in a statement.
Trump’s opposition toward the ICC goes back to his first term. A similar executive order Trump issued in 2020 was blocked by a judge, who said it likely violated the First Amendment, before being rescinded by President Joe Biden’s administration in 2021.
EU, NETHERLANDS BACK COURT
Trump officials last year launched a new effort to penalize ICC officials after the ICC issued an arrest warrant for his ally, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel. Three ICC judges have separately sued the Trump administration over the sanctions.
In March 2020, ICC prosecutors opened an investigation in Afghanistan that included looking into possible crimes by U.S. troops, but since 2021, it has deprioritized the role of the U.S. and focused on alleged crimes committed by the Afghan government and Taliban forces.
The court, which is based in the Netherlands, has taken no steps to investigate U.S. personnel in recent years. The EU on Tuesday reiterated its support for the ICC and said it was committed to the fight against impunity.
“Attacks or threats against the court, elected officials, personnel or those cooperating with the court are simply not acceptable. And let’s also recall that the ICC does not target sovereign states, nor does it constitute a threat to their sovereignty, ” EU Commission spokesperson Anouar El Anouni said in a briefing.
The Foreign Ministry of the Netherlands said independent courts and tribunals must be able to carry out their mandate unimpeded. “We have noted the U.S. statements, the position is not a new one, but we are worried about the hardened tone,” the ministry said in a message to Reuters.
Reporting by Simon Lewis in Washington; additional reporting by Bart Meijers in Amsterdam; Editing by Sanjeev Miglani
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