2026年2月11日 美国东部时间下午5:34 / 路透社
作者：理查德·考恩
节点运行失败
美国明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯市，2026年2月3日，联邦移民局特工在 Interstate 35W 高速公路上短暂拘留一名女子后，一名明尼苏达州警察与其坐在移民和海关执法局（ICE）车辆内的女子交谈。路透社/塞思·赫尔德 购买许可权，打开新标签页
华盛顿，2月11日（路透社） – 美国国会面临周五（美国东部时间）午夜的截止期限，以达成一项为国土安全部（DHS）提供资金的协议。国土安全部负责移民执法行动，而在特朗普政府的政策下，这些行动已在美国各地大幅加强。
以下是共和党人和民主党人正在艰难应对的五个棘手问题：
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一、对移民和海关执法局（ICE）及海关与边境保护局（CBP）特工行动的新限制
参议院和众议院的民主党人希望移民和海关执法局（ICE）以及海关与边境保护局（CBP）的特工——尤其是在流动巡逻中的特工——摘下口罩，佩戴清晰可见的姓名和徽章标识。他们还希望特工佩戴随身摄像头，并将相关操作程序写入法律，确保在调查行为时可获取摄像头录像。
其他民主党要求包括：国土安全部官员进入私人财产前必须获得司法令状。
共和党人则认为，民主党提出的限制可能危及特工及其家人的安全，而民主党人表示，这些是警方和其他执法部门长期遵守的惯例。
二、对移民和海关执法局（ICE）及海关与边境保护局（CBP）特工行动地点的新限制
民主党人表示，不再允许ICE或CBP特工在教堂、学校、医院、投票地点和法院附近徘徊，以试图抓捕移民。
三、对拘留设施的更严格”保障措施”
民主党人认为，这些建筑必须立即允许被拘留者的律师进入，以防止美国公民被逮捕或拘留。他们还希望结束特朗普政府在国会议员根据监督权力视察拘留中心时设置的障碍。
四、共和党对保护联邦特工的要求
民主党人关注的是保护公众免受他们认为过度激进的ICE和CBP行动的伤害，这些行动已导致两名美国公民死亡，并在全国各地城市引发日益强烈的公众反对。共和党人则专注于为联邦特工提供安全保障，使其能够按照总统唐纳德·特朗普的命令逮捕和驱逐非法移民。他们认为，这样做将使美国城镇和城市更加安全。
他们希望在一项644亿美元的国土安全部拨款法案中加入新条款，以惩罚
Explainer: Five things holding up a deal on US immigration operations
February 11, 2026 5:34 PM UTC / Reuters
By Richard Cowan
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A Minnesota state policeman speaks to a woman sitting inside an ICE vehicle after she was briefly detained on Interstate 35W by Federal immigration agents while they conduct immigration enforcement tasks in Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S., February 3, 2026. REUTERS/Seth Herald Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
WASHINGTON, Feb 11 (Reuters) – The U.S. Congress faces a midnight (EST) Friday deadline for a deal to fund the Department of Homeland Security, which is in charge of immigration enforcement operations that have ramped up across the United States under Trump administration policies.
Here are five difficult topics Republicans and Democrats are grappling with:
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NEW CONTROLS ON HOW ICE AND CBP AGENTS OPERATE
Democrats in the Senate and House of Representatives want Immigration and Customs Enforcement and Customs and Border Protection agents — especially those on roving patrols — to shed their face masks and wear legible name and badge IDs. They also want agents to wear body cameras and procedures written into law making camera footage available during investigations of conduct.
Other Democratic demands include requiring judicial warrants before DHS officers can enter private property.
Republicans argue Democrats’ constraints could endanger agents or their families, while Democrats say these are long-held practices police departments and other law enforcement forces abide by.
NEW CONTROLS ON WHERE ICE AND CBP OPERATE
Democrats say no more ICE or CBP agents hanging out at churches, schools, hospitals, voting places and courts to try to nab immigrants.
TIGHTER ‘SAFEGUARDS’ ON DETENTION FACILITIES
The buildings must grant immediate access to detainees’ lawyers to prevent U.S. citizens from arrest or detention, Democrats argue. They also want to end impediments they say the Trump administration erects when members of Congress try to visit detention centers as part of their oversight powers.
REPUBLICAN DEMANDS FOR SAFEGUARDING FEDERAL AGENTS
Democrats focus on safeguarding the public from what they see as overzealous ICE and CBP operations that have seen the killings of two U.S. citizens and growing public backlash in cities throughout the country. Republicans are focused on providing safety for federal agents to carry out arrests and deportations of immigrants in the country illegally, as ordered by President Donald Trump. Doing so will make American towns and cities safer, they argue.
They want new provisions in a $64.4 billion DHS funding bill to punish
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