2026年7月2日 美国东部时间06:15:30 / 福克斯新闻频道
退休海军将领表示，美军已开始转向备用指挥地点，并将部队从固定基地轮换部署
作者：摩根·菲利普斯 福克斯新闻频道
发布于2026年7月2日 美国东部时间上午6:15
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在数周的伊朗导弹和无人机袭击暴露了海湾地区美军主要军事基地的脆弱性后，五角大楼正在重新考量：数十年来依赖处于伊朗武器射程内的大型永久军事设施，是否仍符合战略逻辑。
据《华尔街日报》报道，美国国防官员正在考虑分散部分军事能力，并重新评估美国在该地区的基地布局。
海湾地区的基地网络是美国快速应对伊朗威胁、保护航运航线、安抚阿拉伯盟友以及对“伊斯兰国”和基地组织施压的依托。如果五角大楼缩减或分散这一军事存在，将使美军更难被击中，但也会降低危机时刻快速增兵的速度。
数十年来，这种权衡一直很明确：美军离战场越近，响应速度就越快。但“史诗之怒行动”重新引发了一场长期争论：在精准导弹和无人机时代，将战机、舰艇、指挥中心和数千名士兵集中在少数几个大型海湾基地，是否已成为日益危险的负担。
2025年5月15日，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普在访问卡塔尔多哈的乌代德空军基地时，走向发表讲话的讲台，背景是写着“以实力求和平”的横幅。（布莱恩·斯奈德/路透社）
共和党人背弃特朗普谴责伊朗战争——但这不会改变政策
美国海军退役少将马克·蒙哥马利表示，美军已经开始更依赖备用指挥与控制地点——即指挥官用于指挥军事行动的总部和通信枢纽——并轮换部署部队，而非将作战能力集中在少数几个靠近伊朗的基地内。
“我们不再像战前那样依赖这些基地了，”蒙哥马利告诉福克斯新闻数字频道，“我认为我们将重新部署这些部队。”
五角大楼花了数十年时间打造海湾基地网络，旨在让战机、舰艇和部队能在数分钟内赶赴中东各地的潜在危机现场。这一战略依赖于将作战力量集中在少数几个大型设施内，以获得进入该地区的无与伦比的通道。
但在“史诗之怒行动”期间，伊朗对五角大楼在该地区的一些最重要的军事设施发动了多次导弹和无人机袭击，包括美国第五舰队总部所在地巴林海军支援设施、卡塔尔的乌代德空军基地、阿联酋的达夫拉空军基地以及科威特的阿里·萨利姆空军基地。
尽管美国和盟友的防空系统拦截了多枚来袭武器，伤亡人数有限，但这些袭击证明，海湾地区几乎所有主要的美军行动枢纽现在都处于伊朗导弹和无人机的射程范围内。
多年来，美军在中东一直遭受火箭弹和无人机袭击，其中许多是伊朗支持的代理武装针对伊拉克和叙利亚的个别前哨发动的。但“史诗之怒行动”是对五角大楼地区基地模式的一次更广泛考验——伊朗直接袭击了支撑美国在海湾地区军事行动的多个主要空军和海军枢纽。
据《华尔街日报》报道，仅巴林海军支援设施的指挥设施和通信基础设施就遭受了严重破坏。自2月28日冲突爆发以来，已有13名美军士兵阵亡，400人受伤，其中大多数伤者已返回岗位。
许多阵亡者死于少数几次袭击，包括科威特的一次导弹袭击以及沙特阿拉伯苏丹王子空军基地遭遇的袭击。
美国中央司令部发言人蒂姆·霍金斯海军上尉拒绝讨论战场损伤评估情况，但他告诉福克斯新闻数字频道，美军“理所当然地将保护人员置于保护设施之上，我们保护人员的战略奏效了。伊朗发射了8000多枚导弹和无人机，仅造成两名美军人员死亡。我们对伊朗造成的破坏远比他们对我们的破坏大得多——差距悬殊。”
赫格斯泰特宣布对美军在欧洲的部署进行六个月审查，抨击北约盟友将部队“置于风险之中”
未来的基地布局最终将如何，仍在审议中。
一名美国高级官员告诉福克斯新闻数字频道，早在“史诗之怒行动”之前，就已经有人就分散部队、减少对少数大型海湾基地的依赖展开辩论，而此次行动重新点燃了相关讨论。
“作为一个规划机构，我们一直在持续评估安全环境，并做出调整以最好地支持作战行动和保护我们的部队。这一直都是我们的做法，未来也将如此，”霍金斯在回应采访时表示。
据报道，国防官员正在权衡是否将军事能力分散到更广泛的设施网络中，将部分基地或功能向西迁移，甚至将某些行动转移到以色列，同时减少美军在科威特和沙特阿拉伯部分基地的存在。官员们还 reportedly 考虑将部分指挥结构转移到地下，或放弃重建受损设施。
“目前我们没有任何部队部署变动可以宣布，也没有任何信息可以提供，”美国国防部一名官员告诉福克斯新闻数字频道。
联合参谋部一名发言人告诉福克斯新闻数字频道，美军正在追踪该地区的外交动态，同时持续监控和评估美军的部署态势。
曾因特朗普政府对伊朗开战而辞职的前反恐事务主任乔·肯特，长期以来一直呼吁美国减少在海湾地区的军事存在。
“我们在中东的基地是战略负担，而非战略资产。基地越少，伊朗可攻击的目标就越少——这意味着伊朗可施加的杠杆也就越少，”他周六在X平台上写道。
上图为伊朗导弹袭击巴林海军第五舰队设施后的现场。（斯特林/阿纳多卢通讯社 via 盖蒂图片社）
美国国防民主基金会绘制的伊朗导弹射程地图。（美国国防民主基金会）
“这绝对正在被讨论，”曾指挥美国海军第五舰队、负责中东地区美军海上行动的退役海军上将凯文·多根告诉福克斯新闻数字频道，“伊朗冲突结束后，我认为每个国家都会根据我们与该国的关系进行独立评估。”
蒙哥马利表示，地理位置本身已成为问题的一部分。海湾地区的许多美军大型基地距离伊朗发射点仅约90英里，几乎没有时间和空间应对来袭无人机。
“它们太近了，”蒙哥马利说，“它们……距离伊朗发射点只有90英里。”
战斗机已成为拦截伊朗无人机的主要工具之一，但蒙哥马利表示，海湾地区与伊朗的近距离让防御方在无人机起飞后几乎没有时间和空间进行拦截。
“我们击落无人机的方式，最好的办法是使用配备火箭弹的飞机，”他说，“但要做到这一点，你必须绕到无人机后方。这很难。”
将部分行动向西迁移并不会让美军完全脱离伊朗武器的射程。伊朗的远程导弹可以抵达以色列和该地区其他地方，前指挥官们警告称，可能不再存在真正安全的后方区域。
但将指挥节点、战机、后勤枢纽和人员分散到更多地点，可以降低单次袭击摧毁美军关键作战能力的风险。
“我们在全球各地部署的部队，都处于潜在对手的导弹射程之内，”他说，“所以，你能去哪里？”
“你能做的是为应对威胁争取一点时间，但归根结底，我们仍然需要获得基地使用权，因为我们在海湾地区的存在不仅仅是为了应对伊朗，我们还有其他理由留在那里，无论是确保像‘伊斯兰国’和基地组织这样的恐怖分子不会威胁地区稳定，”多根继续说道。
遭受袭击的这些基地构成了美国在海湾地区军事存在的支柱。
点击此处下载福克斯新闻APP
美国通常在中东各地部署约4万名士兵，其核心是后9·11战争期间建立的大型基地网络。卡塔尔的乌代德空军基地——美国中央司令部前沿指挥部所在地，也是该地区最大的美军军事设施—— alone 就驻扎着约1万名美国人员。其他主要枢纽包括美国第五舰队总部所在地巴林海军支援设施、科威特的阿瑞坚营和阿里·萨利姆空军基地，以及阿联酋的达夫拉空军基地。
这些设施在阿富汗和伊拉克战争期间成为美军军事行动的支柱，至今仍是美国在该地区空中、海上和后勤行动的核心。
福克斯新闻数字频道已联系美国第五舰队、白宫以及巴林、卡塔尔、阿联酋、科威特、沙特阿拉伯和以色列的政府寻求置评。
特朗普尚未就此事公开表态。
https://www..com/video/6399912386112
How Iran attacks are forcing the Pentagon to rethink its decades-old Middle East base strategy
2026-07-02 06:15:30 EDT / Fox News
Retired admirals say US military is already shifting to alternate command sites and rotating forces away from fixed installations
By Morgan Phillips Fox News
Published July 2, 2026 6:15am EDT
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After weeks of Iranian missile and drone attacks exposed the vulnerability of major U.S. military bases across the Gulf, the Pentagon is weighing whether decades of relying on large, permanent installations within range of Iranian weapons still makes strategic sense.
Defense officials are considering dispersing some capabilities and reassessing parts of the U.S. regional base posture, according to a Wall Street Journal report.
The Gulf base network is how the U.S. responds quickly to Iran, protects shipping lanes, reassures Arab partners and keeps pressure on ISIS and al Qaeda. If the Pentagon reduces or disperses that footprint, it could make U.S. forces harder to hit — but also slower to surge in a crisis.
For decades, the tradeoff was straightforward: the closer U.S. forces were to the fight, the faster they could respond. But Operation Epic Fury reignited a long-running debate over whether concentrating aircraft, ships, command centers and thousands of troops at a handful of large Gulf bases had become an increasingly dangerous liability in an era of precision missiles and drones.
U.S. troops react as President Donald Trump walks to deliver remarks, near a banner reading, “Peace Through Strength”, during a visit to Al Udeid Air Base in Doha, Qatar, May 15, 2025.(Brian Snyder/REUTERS)
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Retired Navy Rear Adm. Mark Montgomery said the military already has started relying more heavily on alternate command-and-control locations — the headquarters and communications hubs commanders use to direct military operations — and rotating forces rather than concentrating capabilities at a handful of installations close to Iran.
“We’re not relying on them in the same way that we did before the war,” Montgomery told Fox News Digital. “I think we are going to reposition these forces.”
The Pentagon has spent decades building a network of Gulf bases designed to put aircraft, ships and troops within minutes of potential crises across the Middle East. That strategy relied on concentrating combat power at a handful of large installations that offered unmatched access to the region.
But during Operation Epic Fury, Iran launched repeated missile and drone attacks against some of the Pentagon’s most important regional installations, including Naval Support Activity Bahrain, home to the U.S. Fifth Fleet, Al Udeid Air Base in Qatar, Al Dhafra Air Base in the United Arab Emirates and Ali Al Salem Air Base in Kuwait.
While U.S. and partner air defenses intercepted many incoming weapons and casualties remained limited, the attacks demonstrated that virtually every major American operating hub in the Gulf now sits within range of Iranian missiles and drones.
U.S. forces in the Middle East have endured rocket and drone attacks for years, many carried out by Iranian-backed proxy groups against individual outposts in Iraq and Syria. Operation Epic Fury marked a broader test of the Pentagon’s regional basing model, with Iran directly targeting multiple major air and naval hubs that underpin U.S. military operations across the Gulf.
Naval Support Activity Bahrain alone sustained extensive damage to command facilities and communications infrastructure, The Wall Street Journal reported. Since the conflict began Feb. 28, 13 U.S. service members have been killed and 400 wounded, with most wounded returning to duty.
Many of the fatalities resulted from a small number of attacks, including a missile strike in Kuwait and an attack on Prince Sultan Air Base in Saudi Arabia.
Navy Capt. Tim Hawkins, Central Command spokesperson, declined to discuss battle damage assessments but told Fox News Digital the U.S. military “rightfully prioritized the protection of people over buildings, and our strategy of protecting people worked. Iran shot more than 8,000 missiles and drones and only two resulted in U.S. fatalities. We did far more damage to Iran than they did to us — by a lot.”
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What that future posture ultimately looks like remains under review.
A senior U.S. official told Fox News Digital questions about dispersing forces and reducing reliance on a handful of large Gulf bases had been debated since well before Operation Epic Fury, which had reignited those conversations.
“As a planning organization, we continually assess the security environment and make adjustments to best support operations and protect our troops. This has always been the case and remains so going forward,” Hawkins said in response.
Defense officials are weighing whether to disperse military capabilities across a broader network of facilities, move some bases or functions further west and even relocate certain operations to Israel, while reducing the U.S. presence at some installations in Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, the Journal reported. Officials also are reportedly considering moving some command structures underground, or forgoing rebuilding damaged structures.
“We do not have any force posture changes to announce or anything to provide at this time,” a War Department official told Fox News Digital.
A Joint Staff spokesperson told Fox News Digital that the military is tracking diplomatic developments in the region while continually monitoring and evaluating U.S. force posture.
Former counterterrorism director Joe Kent, who resigned over the Trump administration’s war with Iran, has long pushed for the U.S. to reduce its presence in the Gulf.
“Our bases in the Middle East are strategic liabilities not strategic assets. Less bases = less targets for Iran to shoot at and that = less leverage for Iran,” he wrote on X Saturday.
Aftermath of an Iranian missile strike on a Navy 5th Fleet installation in Bahrain is shown above.(Stringer/Anadolu via Getty Images)
Map from the Foundation for Defense of Democracies showing Iran’s missile ranges.(The Foundation for Defense of Democracies)
“It’s absolutely being discussed,” Retired Adm. Kevin Donegan, the former commander of the U.S. Navy’s Fifth Fleet, which leads U.S. naval operations across the Middle East, told Fox News Digital. “After (the Iran conflict) is over, I think in each country it’ll be independently evaluated based on our relationships with those countries.”
Montgomery said geography itself has become part of the problem. Many of the Gulf’s largest U.S. bases sit only about 90 miles from Iranian launch sites, leaving little time and space to respond to incoming drones.
“They’re just too close,” Montgomery said. “They’re…90 miles away from Iranian launch points.”
Fighter aircraft have become one of the primary tools for intercepting Iranian drones, but Montgomery said the Gulf’s proximity to Iran leaves defenders with less time and space to intercept drones after launch.
“Our way of shooting down drones, the best way is aircraft equipped with rockets,” he said. “But to do that, you got to get behind the drones. That’s hard.”
Moving some operations farther west would not put U.S. troops beyond the reach of all Iranian weapons. Iran’s longer-range missiles can reach Israel and other parts of the region, and former commanders cautioned that there may no longer be any truly safe rear area.
But dispersing command nodes, aircraft, logistics hubs and personnel across more locations could reduce the risk that a single strike disabling a critical U.S. capability.
“Everywhere we have forces around the world, they are under the missile envelope of potential adversaries,” he said. “So, where do you go to?”
“What you can do is buy yourself a little time against the threat, but in the end, we still need to have access to basing, because our being in the Gulf is not just to revolve around Iran, we have other reasons to be there, whether that be to ensure that terrorists like ISIS and Al Qaeda, etc. don’t threaten stability,” Donegan went on.
The bases that came under attack form the backbone of America’s military presence in the Gulf.
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The U.S. typically maintains about 40,000 troops across the Middle East, anchored by a network of major bases built up during the post-9/11 wars. Al Udeid Air Base in Qatar —home to the forward headquarters of U.S. Central Command and the largest U.S. military installation in the region — alone hosts about 10,000 American personnel. Other major hubs include Naval Support Activity Bahrain, home to the U.S. Fifth Fleet, Camp Arifjan and Ali Al Salem Air Base in Kuwait, and Al Dhafra Air Base in the United Arab Emirates.
Those installations became the backbone of U.S. military operations during the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and remain central to American air, naval and logistics operations across the region.
Fox News Digital reached out to the U.S. Fifth Fleet, the White House and the governments of Bahrain, Qatar, the UAE, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Israel for comment.
Trump has not publicly commented on the matter.
https://www..com/video/6399912386112
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