2026-05-15 20:30:56 UTC / 路透社
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5月15日（路透社）——据一位匿名美国司法部官员透露，特朗普政府计划就1996年古巴军用战机造成四人死亡的事件，对古巴前总统劳尔·卡斯特罗提起刑事指控。
以下是该事件的详细情况：
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1996年2月24日，古巴战机击落了两架由“拯救兄弟”组织成员驾驶的小型飞机。机上四名男子全部遇难。古巴方面称涉事飞机进入了古巴领空，而美国则表示飞机当时位于国际水域上空。古巴将此次击落行动辩解为对本国领空的合法防卫，但美国的立场后来得到了国际民用航空组织的支持，该组织认定袭击发生在国际水域上空。
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谁是“拯救兄弟”？
这家总部位于迈阿密的组织称，其使命是在佛罗里达海峡搜寻逃离古巴的古巴筏民。该组织经常在古巴海岸附近飞行。1996年初，古巴官员指责该组织向哈瓦那空投了数万份传单。该组织领导人何塞·巴苏尔特表示，传单是在国际空域投放的，后被风吹至古巴境内。不过，该组织成员近几个月来确实曾飞越哈瓦那上空投放宣传材料。
古巴的回应
时任古巴总统的菲德尔·卡斯特罗在事件发生后表示，他曾下达过停止此类飞行的一般性命令，但并未特别下令击落飞机。他称军方是根据“长期存在的指令”采取行动，而当时担任国防部长、负责国家安全事务的弟弟劳尔·卡斯特罗也未下达过击落飞机的具体命令。
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“拯救兄弟”前成员胡安·巴勃罗·罗克在古巴电视台上声称，该飞行员组织曾飞入古巴领空，为可能发动的袭击搜集情报，并计划向古巴境内偷运武器。美国官员驳斥了他的说法，称其为宣传手段，并表示罗克很可能是古巴特工。
美国的回应
比尔·克林顿总统下令实施制裁措施，包括暂停包机航班、限制古巴外交官的行动自由，并寻求国会合作收紧对古巴的禁运。不过，克林顿政府当时并未对卡斯特罗兄弟二人提起刑事指控。美国司法部于2003年对三名古巴军官提起诉讼，但始终未能将他们引渡回国。
安迪·沙利文 报道；桑吉夫·米格拉尼 编辑
我们的准则：路透社信托原则。
The 1996 incident at the root of expected Raul Castro indictment
2026-05-15 20:30:56 UTC / Reuters
An image of former Cuban President Raul Castro hangs on the street in Havana, Cuba, May 9, 2023. REUTERS/Alexandre Meneghini Purchase Licensing Rights
May 15 (Reuters) – The Trump administration plans to unveil criminal charges against Cuba’s former president, Raul Castro, based on a 1996 incident in which Cuban military jets killed four people, according to a U.S. Justice Department official who spoke on condition of anonymity.
Here are details about the incident:
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On February 24, 1996, Cuban jets shot down two small planes being flown by Brothers to the Rescue, a group of Cuban exile pilots. All four men aboard were killed. Cuba said the planes were in Cuban airspace, while the United States said they were over international waters. Cuba defended the shootdown as legitimate defense of its airspace but the U.S. position was later backed up by the International Civil Aviation Organization, which concluded the attack took place over international waters.
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WHO WERE ‘BROTHERS TO THE RESCUE’?
The Miami-based group said its mission was to search the Florida Straits for Cuban rafters fleeing the island. The group routinely flew near the Cuban coast. In early 1996, Cuban officials accused the group of dropping tens of thousands of flyers over Havana. The group’s leader, Jose Basulto, said the leaflets were dropped over international airspace and carried by winds to Cuba. However, the group’s members had flown over Havana in recent months to drop literature.
CUBA’S RESPONSE
Fidel Castro, who was then Cuba’s president, said after the incident that he gave general orders to stop the flights but did not specifically order them to be shot down. Castro said the military acted on “standing orders” and that his brother Raul, who at the time oversaw the nation’s security services as defense minister, also did not give a specific order to shoot the planes.
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A former Brothers to the Rescue member, Juan Pablo Roque, alleged on Cuban television that the pilots’ group had flown into Cuban airspace to gather information ahead of a possible attack and had planned to smuggle arms into the country. U.S. officials dismissed his claims as propaganda and said he was likely a Cuban agent.
THE U.S. RESPONSE
President Bill Clinton ordered sanctions including suspending charter flights, restricting Cuban diplomats’ movement, and seeking cooperation with Congress on tightening the embargo. However, the Clinton administration did not pursue criminal charges against either Castro brother. The Justice Department filed charges against three Cuban military officers in 2003 but they were never extradited.
Reporting by Andy Sullivan; Editing by Sanjeev Miglani
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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