2026年5月15日 下午4:28 美东时间 / 哥伦比亚广播公司（CBS）新闻
随着特朗普总统对古巴发出威胁，美国前国防部长罗伯特·盖茨表示，这个由共产党执政的岛国对美国构成的最大风险是其可能发生的崩溃，以及由此引发的美国移民危机。
“最大的风险是我们可能再次遭遇古巴马里埃尔撤离事件，届时将有数万名古巴人因绝望涌入美国，”盖茨周五在接受《与玛格丽特·布伦南直面国家》节目采访时说道。
这场被称为“马里埃尔船民潮”的事件发生在1980年，当时古巴经济衰退引发国内不满，约12.5万名古巴人赴美寻求庇护。这场大规模外逃加剧了佛罗里达州的社会服务负担，促使该州和联邦政府宣布进入紧急状态。
盖茨表示，古巴参与其他事件——例如为被推翻的委内瑞拉总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗提供安全保护——确实“影响”了美国国家安全，但他质疑古巴是否对美国构成“迫在眉睫的威胁”。
“坦率地说，除了这些次要方面之外，我认为主要威胁就是古巴的崩溃，”他说。
数月来，特朗普总统一直威胁要对古巴采取军事行动，美国国务卿马可·鲁比奥则呼吁古巴进行经济和政治改革。
特朗普政府一直在通过实施石油封锁来打压古巴经济，专家称这已经让古巴陷入自苏联解体以来最严峻的困境——苏联曾长期为古巴经济提供巨额补贴。古巴能源部长本周表示，由于封锁的影响，古巴已经耗尽了燃料。
一名中情局官员告诉CBS新闻，中情局局长约翰·拉特克利夫周四前往哈瓦那，与古巴高级官员举行了罕见会晤，并传递了一则信息：如果哈瓦那“做出根本性改变”，美国准备扩大与古巴的经济和安全接触。
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/robert-gates-says-cubas-biggest-threat-to-u-s-is-its-potential-collapse/
Cuba’s biggest threat to U.S. is collapse, says former Defense Secretary Robert Gates
May 15, 2026 4:28 PM EDT / CBS News
As President Trump makes threats against Cuba, former Defense Secretary Robert Gates said the biggest risk the Communist-ruled island poses to the U.S. is its potential collapse and a migration crisis to the U.S.
“The biggest risk is that we end up with another Mariel evacuation from Cuba that has tens of thousands of Cubans heading to the United States out of desperation,” Gates said Friday in an interview with “Face the Nation with Margaret Brennan.”
Known as the Mariel Boatlift, about 125,000 Cubans sought refuge in the U.S. in 1980, as Cuba’s failing economy led to dissent on the island. The mass exodus strained social services in Florida and led the state and federal governments to declare a state of emergency.
Gates said Cuba’s involvement in other events, such as providing security for ousted Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro, has “impacted” U.S. national security, but questioned whether Cuba poses an “imminent threat” to the U.S.
“Other than in these, if you will, peripheral ways, I think the main threat is, frankly, is collapse,” he said.
President Trump has threatened the possibility of military action against Cuba for months and Secretary of State Marco Rubio has called for economic and political reforms.
The Trump administration has been trying to squeeze Cuba’s economy by imposing an oil blockade that experts say has pushed the nation to its most dire state since the collapse of the Soviet Union, which heavily subsidized Cuba’s economy. Cuba’s energy minister said this week that Cuba has run out of fuel, largely as a result of the blockade.
CIA Director John Ratcliffe traveled to Havana on Thursday for a rare meeting with senior Cuban officials, an agency official told CBS News, delivering a message that the U.S. was prepared to expand economic and security engagement with Cuba if Havana “makes fundamental changes.”
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/robert-gates-says-cubas-biggest-threat-to-u-s-is-its-potential-collapse/
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