2026-05-04T17:30:26.631Z / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
作者：弗雷德里卡·舒滕、伊桑·科恩、蕾妮·里格登
发布时间：2026年5月4日，美国东部时间下午1:30
佛罗里达州州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯已签署一项由他主导设计的选区地图法案，该法案意图让共和党在多达四个目前由民主党掌控的席位上占据优势。
就在美国最高法院就重新划分选区案件发布限制《选举权法案》适用范围的裁决数小时后，州议员们通过了新的选区边界方案。德桑蒂斯曾将该待决裁决作为推动该州中期重新划分选区的理由之一。
最高法院的这一举措引发了多个共和党控制的南部州新一轮重划选区的尝试。
民权组织已誓言将在法庭上挑战佛罗里达州的新地图，辩称其仍违反该州宪法中限制党派操纵选区划分的条款。但美国最高法院周三的裁决可能会令这场针对新地图的诉讼难度大幅提升。
新地图将目标对准奥兰多附近、坦帕湾地区以及南佛罗里达州的民主党席位。
以下是受影响的选区情况，以及该地图对这些地区现任议员的影响。
瞄准奥兰多地区的多数拉美裔选区
新地图大幅重塑了众议员达伦·索托的第9选区，移除了奥兰多地区的部分区域，并将选区向南延伸约150英里，进入深红的乡村县。其中一段区域向东延伸至大西洋沿岸的维罗海滩。
美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）的分析显示，该地图还改变了这个多数拉美裔选区的人口构成，将拉美裔占比从近52%降至39%。索托是首位在国会任职的波多黎各裔佛罗里达人，已代表该选区近十年。
根据德桑蒂斯的新地图，由民主党众议员马克斯韦尔·弗罗斯特（美国国会首位Z世代议员）执掌的第10选区席位，将在奥兰多地区一片共和党选区的包围中，成为唯一的民主党据点。
该方案基本未触动由处境艰难的共和党众议员科里·米尔斯掌控的奥兰多东北郊区第7选区。这位正在寻求第三个任期的米尔斯是今年民主党重点攻击的竞选目标之一，目前正接受众议院道德委员会调查，涉及性行为不端和竞选财务违规的指控。
他已多次否认针对自己的指控。米尔斯最近还迎来了一位共和党初选挑战者——奥兰多地区前新闻主播瑞安·以利亚。
拆分坦帕-圣彼得斯堡选区
现任众议员凯西·卡斯特是连任十届的议员，目前同时代表坦帕和圣彼得斯堡——坦帕湾两岸的两座城市。
德桑蒂斯的方案打破了卡斯特的第14选区。方案将圣彼得斯堡部分区域剥离，并将其大部分划入现任共和党众议员弗恩·布坎南执掌的第16选区，布坎南已宣布将在本届任期结束后退休。
方案还将坦帕市拆分为三部分，将该市北部区域划入目前由共和党现任议员劳雷尔·李和格斯·比拉拉克西斯掌控的两个选区。这可能会给这两位共和党议员带来一定风险，因为他们的重划后选区将吸纳更多民主党选民。李的第15选区已被民主党国会竞选委员会列入“竞争选区”项目的目标名单。
另一位民主党攻击目标、众议员安娜·波琳娜·卢娜的第13选区（涵盖克利尔沃特）在此次拟议的重划中变得更加深红。根据弗吉尼亚大学政治中心出品的政治通讯《萨巴托水晶球》的分析，如果该地图能在预期的法律挑战中幸存，该席位大概率仍将由共和党掌控。
在南佛罗里达制造民主党人互相对抗
2024年选举使用的选区地图让民主党在佛罗里达东南部五个选区占据优势；新地图将这一数字缩减至三个。
根据新地图，两位南佛罗里达民主党众议员贾里德·莫斯科维茨和黛比·沃瑟曼·舒尔茨将面临没有明确选区可参选的困境。
莫斯科维茨的第23选区仍为民主党优势选区，但向北大幅扩张，覆盖了目前由众议员洛伊斯·弗兰克尔代表的大部分区域。莫斯科维茨目前的选区将不复存在，这意味着他可能需要在挑战弗兰克尔和转战一个更倾向共和党的新选区之间做出选择。
他近日告诉CNN记者马努·拉朱：“有三个席位我有可能参选，我们正在分析相关情况。”
沃瑟曼·舒尔茨的第25选区目前为民主党优势选区，涵盖从大西洋沿岸到内陆城市彭布罗克派恩斯和米拉马尔的大片布劳沃德县区域。德桑蒂斯的地图彻底拆分了该选区，将其分散划入其他四个选区。
由德桑蒂斯团队重新规划的新第25选区紧贴海岸线，变得更倾向共和党。根据萨巴托的分析，新的选区边界将该选区从2024年总统选举中支持民主党候选人卡玛拉·哈里斯领先5个百分点以上的选区，转变为支持总统唐纳德·特朗普领先9个百分点以上的选区。
沃瑟曼·舒尔茨的可选空间可能比莫斯科维茨更小。
她可以选择转战一个更倾向共和党的席位，甚至可能与莫斯科维茨同台竞争，或是参与重新划定的第20选区。该选区为少数族裔占多数的选区，大部分区域此前由民主党众议员希拉·谢尔菲勒斯-麦科米克代表，她近日已辞去国会职务。
另一位被民主党列为攻击目标的脆弱共和党现任议员、众议员玛丽亚·埃尔维拉·萨拉查的第27选区（覆盖迈阿密部分区域）的边界几乎未发生变化。
这个拉美裔占绝大多数的选区在2024年总统选举中以超过14个百分点的优势支持特朗普，但自他重返白宫以来，其支持率有所下滑，在拉美裔选民中尤为明显。这场竞选可能是今年11月该州最受关注的竞选之一。
How Florida designed a US House map aiming to give Republicans four more seats
2026-05-04T17:30:26.631Z / CNN
By Fredreka Schouten, Ethan Cohen, Renée Rigdon
PUBLISHED May 4, 2026, 1:30 PM ET
Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis speaks during a news conference in Tampa, Florida, on Augist 12, 2025.
Chris O’Meara/AP/File
Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis has signed into law a map he designed to give Republicans an edge in as many as four seats now held by Democrats.
State lawmakers approved the new boundaries just hours after the US Supreme Court issued a decision limiting the reach of the Voting Rights Act in redistricting cases. DeSantis had used the pending decision as one justification for pursuing a mid-decade redistricting in his state.
The court’s move has set off a fresh round of attempts to draw new lines in several southern states controlled by Republicans.
Voting rights groups have vowed to fight the Florida map in court, arguing that it still violates a provision in the state constitution that restricts partisan gerrymandering. But the US Supreme Court’s ruling Wednesday could make challenging the new map much harder.
The map targets Democratic seats near Orlando, in the Tampa Bay area and in South Florida.
Here’s a look at the communities affected and the map’s impact on incumbents in those areas.
Targeting a majority Latino district in Orlando
The map dramatically reconfigures Rep. Darren Soto’s 9th District, removing parts of the Orlando area and stretching it some 150 miles south into deeply red rural counties. One section projects to the east, extending to Vero Beach on the Atlantic Coast.
The map also alters the demographic makeup of a majority Hispanic district, taking it from nearly 52% Hispanic to 39%, a CNN analysis shows. Soto, the first Floridian of Puerto Rican descent to serve in Congress, has represented the district for nearly a decade.
Under DeSantis’ map, the seat in the 10th District held by Democratic Rep. Maxwell Frost – the first member of Gen Z elected to Congress – would become a sole blue spot in a sea of Republican districts surrounding the Orlando area.
The plan largely leaves undisturbed the 7th District in Orlando’s northeastern suburbs held by embattled Republican Rep. Cory Mills. The third-term Mills – a top campaign target for Democrats this year – is under a House ethics committee investigation related to allegations of sexual misconduct and campaign finance violations.
He has repeatedly denied the allegations against him. Mills recently drew a Republican primary challenger, former Orlando-area news anchor Ryan Elijah.
Splitting a district in Tampa-St. Pete
Rep. Kathy Castor, a 10-term incumbent, currently represents both Tampa and St. Petersburg, cities on either side of Tampa Bay.
The DeSantis plan breaks up Castor’s 14th District. It removes St. Petersburg and shifts much of it into the 16th District now held by GOP Rep. Vern Buchanan, who is retiring from Congress at the end of this term.
And it splits Tampa into three, sending northern parts of the city into two districts now held by Republican incumbents, Reps. Laurel Lee and Gus Bilirakis. That could pose some risk to those GOP lawmakers as they take in more Democratic voters into their revamped districts. Lee’s 15th District was already among those targeted by the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee’s “Districts in Play” project.
Another Democratic target, Rep. Anna Paulina Luna, saw her 13th District, which includes Clearwater, grow a shade redder in the proposed redraw. It likely would remain in Republican control if the map survives the expected legal challenges, according to Sabato’s Crystal Ball, a political newsletter produced by the University of Virginia’s Center for Politics.
Pitting Democrats against each other in South Florida
The map that was in place for the 2024 election gives Democrats the advantage in five southeast Florida districts; the new map reduces that number to three.
Under the new map, two South Florida Democrats, Reps. Jared Moskowitz and Debbie Wasserman Schultz, would be left without obvious districts to run in.
Moskowitz’s 23rd District remains Democratic, but moves farther north, to cover much of the territory now represented by Rep. Lois Frankel. Moskowitz’s current district would cease to exist in its current form, meaning he’ll likely have to decide between challenging Frankel and running in one of the new, more Republican-leaning districts.
He recently told CNN’s Manu Raju that there are “three seats I could potentially run in. And so we’re analyzing it.”
Wasserman Schultz’s 25th District currently is Democratic and includes a swath of Broward County from the Atlantic coast into slightly inland cities, such as Pembroke Pines and Miramar. The DeSantis map blows it apart, distributing its pieces among four other districts.
A newly configured 25th District created by DeSantis’ team hugs the coastline and becomes more Republican-friendly. The new lines transform the district from one that supported Democrat Kamala Harris by more than 5 percentage points in the 2024 presidential election to one that would have backed President Donald Trump by more than 9 points, according to Sabato’s analysis.
Wasserman Schultz might have even fewer options than Moskowitz.
She could choose to run in one of the more Republican seats, perhaps against Moskowitz, or in the reconfigured 20th District. That’s a majority-minority district, much of which was represented by Democrat Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick, who recently resigned from Congress.
Another potentially vulnerable Republican incumbent on Democrats’ target list, Republican Rep. Maria Elvira Salazar, saw the lines of her 27th District covering parts of Miami virtually unchanged.
The heavily Hispanic district went for Trump by more than 14 points in 2024, but the president’s popularity has declined since his return to the White House, including among Latino voters. The race could be one of the state’s most closely watched contests this November.
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