文字实录:凯文·哈塞特做客《与玛格丽特·布伦南的面向全国节目》,2026年5月3日


2026-05-03T12:11:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻

以下是2026年5月3日在《与玛格丽特·布伦南的面向全国节目》中播出的白宫全国经济委员会主任凯文·哈塞特采访实录。


玛格丽特·布伦南: 我们今天早上的节目首先请到的是白宫经济委员会主任。凯文·哈塞特将从洛杉矶加入我们的连线。早上好,早安。

凯文·哈塞特: 哦,是啊,早上好。

玛格丽特·布伦南: 主任先生,特朗普总统周五致信国会,谈到了几件事。其一,伊朗冲突的停火已经延长。他还表示,敌对行动已经终止。他同时指出,伊朗构成的威胁仍然严峻,部队部署态势将持续更新。而就在昨晚,我们看到总统称伊朗尚未为其针对人类的所作所为付出足够沉重的代价。这传递给市场的具体信号是什么?

凯文·哈塞特: 没错。我认为市场的反应一直相当稳定。事实上,总统观察到的情况是,封锁正在奏效。这给伊朗带来了巨大压力,而伊朗在海峡布设水雷的威胁甚至产生了这样的后果:原本我们允许运往伊朗的人道主义援助,如今许多船长都对前往伊朗港口心存忌惮,因为他们担心伊朗布设的水雷。所以,你知道,我每周都会多次前往作战室,听取伊朗局势的简报。伊朗的经济实际上正濒临极端灾难的边缘。他们正经历恶性通货膨胀,开始出现饥荒问题。归根结底,那些一心想用核武器摧毁美国和以色列的势力仍掌握着政权,这给美国人民带来了巨大压力。还有最后一件事,玛格丽特,不知道你有没有注意到,联合国人权机构本周公开谴责伊朗,原因是该国正在镇压那些试图反抗这个可能引发饥荒甚至大规模饥荒的政权的民众。

玛格丽特·布伦南: 那么,你说封锁仍在实施。而封锁本身就是一种战争行为。我们是否正与伊朗处于战争状态?

凯文·哈塞特: 伊朗封锁了海峡。伊朗封锁了海峡,他们当时只允许伊朗本国的船只通行,特朗普总统认为这不可接受。

玛格丽特·布伦南: 那么,我们仍与伊朗处于战争状态?

凯文·哈塞特: 你知道的——我不清楚在我们没有交火、双方仍在谈判,且伊朗承受巨大压力的情况下,战争的定义是什么。我认为,目前我们没有理由不继续采取当前的行动。事实是,那个政权已经把国家拖垮了。我来打个比方。1978年阿亚图拉掌权之前,伊朗的人均国内生产总值与日本和意大利大致相当。如今,这一数字却与洪都拉斯差不多。在海峡被封锁之前,他们就已经把国家搞得一团糟了。所以现在,这个国家真的已经岌岌可危。

玛格丽特·布伦南: 没错,我们确实在和他们谈判。但现在已经进入第10周了。我想知道你们在此做了哪些经济模型分析,因为总统最初曾表示这场战争将持续4到6周。而目前美国全国的平均汽油价格为每加仑4.45美元。我们能否在不收回霍尔木兹海峡控制权的情况下结束这场冲突?

凯文·哈塞特: 嗯,我们目前正在采取全面措施,确保美国获得能源供应,并在全球范围内增加能源生产——

玛格丽特·布伦南: ——这需要时间——

凯文·哈塞特: ——而且我认为如果你放眼未来,听听人们的说法——不。举个例子,我们豁免了《琼斯法案》。美国国内的油价要比国际市场低10美元——在全球交易市场上,西海岸此前一直按照国际油价采购石油,但现在他们开始使用美国国内油价。因此,我们已经取得了巨大进展,以减轻短期供应中断的影响。

玛格丽特·布伦南: 好吧,美国银行本周发布的一份报告称,油价上涨已经让消费者损失了190亿美元。报告还说,汽油价格上涨几乎抵消了近一半的预期退税增长。高盛集团也持相同观点,称这一拖累将抵消白宫所倡导的减税法案带来的好处。你同意这一分析吗?

凯文·哈塞特:

不,这种分析是错误的。你可以这样想,目前已有1.53亿人提交了纳税申报单,平均退税金额为3600美元。还有5300万人受益于小费免税、加班费免税以及社会保障税豁免。对于小费和社会保障税豁免的人群来说,这意味着他们有7000到8000美元的收入无需缴税;而对于加班费免税的人群,这一金额接近5000美元。所以这些都是实实在在的大额减免。当然,人们会注意到自己的汽油账单变高了,我们也正竭尽所能地将这种短期涨价的幅度降到最低。但最后还有经济增长因素。实际收入正在增长,而经过通胀调整后的实际收入已经将能源价格纳入考量。在奥巴马执政的近八年时间里,实际收入一直在下滑,拜登执政时期也是如此,但尽管短期汽油价格上涨,如今实际收入正在回升。

玛格丽特·布伦南:

我们确实看到个人消费支出指数有所上升。不过,我想先澄清一下,总统签署的税法并没有取消社会保障税。该法案只是将老年人的标准扣除额提高到2028年底。不过,我想问问关于精神航空的消息——

凯文·哈塞特: 但这意味着大多数人不会面临增税——没错,我想谈谈精神航空。我刚才想说的是,这一政策让大多数人无需承担增税负担。你说得没错,这是个技术性问题,但确实起到了我们之前讨论过的效果。

玛格丽特·布伦南: 正如我们在节目开头所说,精神航空暂停运营了。我知道白宫一直在努力制定一项最后的救援计划。到底发生了什么?你认为这会带来更广泛的经济影响吗?

凯文·哈塞特: 哦,当然。你知道,这件事我参与得很深。我们当时就意识到,由于捷蓝航空与精神航空的合并被拜登政府不明智地否决了,精神航空在我们查看其账目时已经岌岌可危。基本上,债权人打算对其进行清算,出售资产以收回部分贷款。我们当时还探讨了一些可能的监管权限,看看能否为他们提供一条生路。但最终,法务人员认定这些权限在当前情况下并不适用。与此同时,在对这些权限进行评估期间,达菲部长和我与其他航空公司进行了沟通,确保他们能够帮助那些受精神航空停飞影响被困的旅客回家,而且票价远低于正常水平。

玛格丽特·布伦南: 那么这家公司——

凯文·哈塞特: ——事实上,美国航空、联合航空和西南航空都已经表示,他们将帮助精神航空的旅客回家。

玛格丽特·布伦南: 你提到过过往的财务困境,毫无疑问,精神航空多年来一直存在这类问题,但他们早在3月份就与债券持有人达成了重组协议。精神航空在解释停航原因的声明中说道:“最近几周燃油价格突然且持续上涨,最终让我们别无选择。”其他行业是否也面临倒闭风险,或者说有其他大型企业会受到此次能源冲击的影响?

凯文·哈塞特: 嗯,别忘了,精神航空已经两次申请破产保护,因为他们基本上没有——

玛格丽特·布伦南: 我了解这一点。

凯文·哈塞特: ——一个可行的商业模式。没错。而其他航空公司仍在正常运营。我刚坐联合航空飞到洛杉矶,来这里参加米尔肯研究院全球会议讨论这些议题。你知道,其他航空公司都在正常运营,他们之所以能够安然无恙,是因为他们比精神航空的管理层更有远见,提前对冲了航空燃油采购等方面的风险。因此,短期能源冲击对他们的业务不会产生太大影响。当然,这会在一个季度左右的时间里影响航空公司的利润,但他们目前的经营状况非常健康。

玛格丽特·布伦南: 凯文·哈塞特,我们不耽误你回去工作了。感谢你今天早上做客我们的节目。《面向全国节目》稍后马上回来。

Transcript: Kevin Hassett on “Face the Nation with Margaret Brennan,” May 3, 2026

2026-05-03T12:11:00-0400 / CBS News

The following is the transcript of the interview with White House National Economic Council Director Kevin Hassett that aired on “Face the Nation with Margaret Brennan” on May 3, 2026.


MARGARET BRENNAN: We begin this morning with the director of the White House Economic Council. Kevin Hassett joins us from Los Angeles. Good early morning to you.

KEVIN HASSETT: Oh yeah, good morning.

MARGARET BRENNAN: Well Director, President Trump sent a letter to Congress on Friday saying a few things. One that the conflict with Iran, the ceasefire has been extended. He also said the hostilities have been terminated. He also said the threat posed by Iran remains significant, and the force posture will continue to be updated. Then overnight, we saw the President said Iran has not yet paid a big enough price for what they’ve done to humanity. What exactly is the message to the market?

KEVIN HASSETT: Right. Well, I think the market has been pretty consistent. The fact is that what the President is seeing is that the blockade is working. It’s putting an enormous amount of pressure on Iran, and Iran’s threats to put mines in the straits have even made it so that humanitarian aid that, of course, we would let through to Iran, that there are a lot of those ship captains that are wary of going to Iranian ports because they’re worried about where the Iranians have put the mines. And so, you know, I go down to the sit room many times a week and get briefed on what’s going on in Iran, and they’re an economy that’s really on the precipice of extreme calamity. They are having a hyper inflation. They’re starting to have hunger. The bottom line is that the pressure on the great American people, because of these people who are like really intent on American and Israeli destruction with their nuclear weapons, are still in power. One last thing, Margaret, I don’t know if you noticed, but the UN Human Rights folks came out this week condemning Iran because they’re killing people who are trying to stand up to this regime that’s potentially, you know, causing starvation and even famine.

MARGARET BRENNAN: So, you said the blockade is still on. A blockade is an act of war. Are we at war with Iran?

KEVIN HASSETT: Iran shut down the straits. Iran shut down the straits, and the only ones they were letting through were Iranian ships, and President Trump didn’t think that was acceptable.

MARGARET BRENNAN: So, we are still at war with Iran?

KEVIN HASSETT: You know what- I don’t know what the definition of war is when we’re not shooting and we’re negotiating and they’re under a lot of pressure. There’s no reason, I think, right now, to do anything other than what we’re doing. The fact is that that regime has destroyed the country. Let me put it in perspective. In 1978 before the Ayatollah came in, then the per capita GDP in Iran was about the same as for Japan and Italy. Now it’s about the same as for Honduras. So they’ve run that country into the ground, and that’s before the straits were closed. So it’s really, really a country that’s on the rocks.

MARGARET BRENNAN: Sure and we’re negotiating with them. But so we’re going into week 10. I’m wondering what economic modeling you have done here, because the President had originally said the war was going to last four to six weeks. We are now at the national average gas price of $4.45 a gallon. Can we end the conflict without taking back the Strait of Hormuz?

KEVIN HASSETT: Well, what’s going on right now is that we’re doing an all of the above approach to get energy to Americans and increase energy production around the world–

MARGARET BRENNAN: — That takes time–

KEVIN HASSETT: — And I think if you look out into the future, what people are saying- No. So as an example, we waive the Jones Act. The price of the US is $10 a barrel less than it is on the world- and in the world exchanges and all the west coast was buying world price of oil, but now they’re buying US price of oil. So we’ve made an enormous number of strides to reduce the short term disruption.

MARGARET BRENNAN: Well, the Bank of America came out with a report this week that says the gas price spike has cost consumers $19 billion. They say gas prices have canceled out nearly half of the increase in expected tax refunds. Goldman Sachs concurs, saying the drag will offset the benefits from that tax bill the White House had championed. Do you agree with that analysis?

KEVIN HASSETT

No, that analysis is incorrect. Like, think about it this way, 153 million people have filed taxes already, and the average tax refund is $3,600. 53 million people have benefited from no tax on tips, no tax on overtime, no tax on Social Security. For the no tax on tips and Social Security that exempts between $7,000 and $8,000 from taxation for those people and for the no tax on overtime, it’s like closer to $5000. And so these are really, really big numbers, and if people look at their gas bills, of course, they’re higher, and we’re doing everything we can to make the temporary increase as small as possible. But then finally, there’s the economic growth component. Real incomes are growing, and real incomes, when they adjust for inflation, include the price of energy, real incomes shrunk for almost eight years under Obama, they shrunk under Biden, and they’re rising now despite the short term increase in gas prices.

MARGARET BRENNAN

Well, we did see an increase in the PCE. But just to clarify the tax law that the President signed doesn’t eliminate taxes on Social Security. It gives seniors an enhanced standard deduction through the end of 2028. But let me ask you about the news on Spirit Airlines–

KEVIN HASSETT: But that makes it so most people aren’t covered- Yeah, I want to talk about Spirit. I just go say that makes it so most people don’t face the tax hike. So you’re you’re right. It’s a technical matter, but it has the effect that we discussed.

MARGARET BRENNAN: Spirit Airlines ceased operations, as we said at the top of the program. I know the White House was trying to craft an 11th Hour rescue plan. What happened, and do you have a sense of the broader economic impact?

KEVIN HASSETT: Oh, sure. You know, it’s something that I was very much involved in. We were aware that, because the merger between JetBlue and spirit was canceled unwisely by the Biden administration, that spirit, sadly, was on the ropes when we looked at their books, that basically, the creditors were going to liquidate them and try to sell their assets so that they could get some of the money back that they had lent them. And there were some authorities that were explored to see if we could help them get a lifeline. And in the end, the legal legal guys decided that those authorities wouldn’t apply in this situation. Meanwhile, while that was being investigated, Secretary Duffy and I talked to the other airlines to make sure that they were helping people who were stranded by spirit get home and to get home basically at much lower prices than the normal fares that they would charge.

MARGARET BRENNAN: So the company–

KEVIN HASSETT: — In fact, American and United and Southwest have all said that they’re going to help the passengers of Spirit get home.

MARGARET BRENNAN: You mentioned past financial troubles, unquestionably, Spirit did have them for many years, but they did have that restructuring deal with bond holders back in March. In this statement, spirit released explaining why they were shutting down, they said, quote, “The sudden and sustained rise in fuel prices in recent weeks, ultimately has left us with no alternative.” Are other industries also at risk of collapse, or other major companies due to this energy shock?

KEVIN HASSETT: Well, don’t forget, the Spirit Airlines was Chapter 11 twice because they basically didn’t—

MARGARET BRENNAN: I acknowledge that.

KEVIN HASSETT: —have a business model that was working. That’s right. And the other airlines are still operating. I just flew out here to discuss these matters at the Milken conference in LA, you know, on United Airlines and the you know, the other airlines are operating, what they’ve done because they have thought ahead way more than the management of Spirit is hedge their jet fuel purchases and so on. So that energy short term energy shocks don’t have a big effect on their business. Certainly, it’ll affect profits for the airlines for a quarter or so, but they’re very, very healthy right now.

MARGARET BRENNAN: Kevin Hassett, we’ll let you get back to work. Thank you for joining us this morning. Face the Nation will be back in a minute.

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