2026年53日 / 美国东部时间上午9:36 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
作者：艾莉森·奥布里
如果你担忧自己罹患痴呆症的风险，劳伦·斯普拉格完全能理解你的恐惧。她的父亲在她高中时期中风，随后便陷入了漫长而缓慢的记忆衰退与痴呆症病程，最终年仅63岁便离世。
“从我16岁起，几乎每一天我都会担心：‘今天会不会轮到我遭遇和父亲一样的事？’”斯普拉格说道，“带着这样的恐惧生活，实在令人不堪重负。”
“直到如今，我每天都在担心自己会重蹈覆辙，”她说道。
后来她去看了乔纳森·罗桑德医生，医生告诉我们：“我 repeatedly 被问到同一个问题：‘医生，我该怎么做才能好好养护大脑，避免步母亲、兄弟或父亲的后尘？’”
罗桑德是波士顿麻省总医院的神经科医生。他向斯普拉格解释道，通过改变日常习惯可以降低痴呆症风险，从饮食选择到每日运动量都能做出调整。“事实证明，这些可干预的风险因素，至少能解释所有痴呆症病例中的40%，”罗桑德说道。
一个由全球专家组成的委员会得出结论：通过干预14项可干预的风险因素，约40%至45%的痴呆症病例可以得到预防或延缓：
- 缺乏运动
- 吸烟
- 过量饮酒
- 空气污染
- 创伤性脑损伤
- 听力损失
- 未经治疗的视力损失
- 高血压
- 糖尿病
- 肥胖
- 受教育程度偏低
- 社交隔离
- 高胆固醇
- 抑郁症
罗桑德表示，很多人普遍认为，如果家族中有痴呆症或阿尔茨海默病患者，自己就注定难逃一劫。“但事实是，我们能做的事情还有很多，”他说道。
运动和饮食的重要性并非什么新鲜观点，但罗桑德和他的团队推出的一款新工具，能帮助你准确了解多少以及何种生活方式改变才是有益的。这款工具始于一个面向所有人免费开放的在线简易问卷，名为“大脑养护评分”。
“‘大脑养护评分’是一款可供我们所有人日常使用的工具，它列出了痴呆症、中风和抑郁症的可干预风险因素，”罗桑德说道。
“大脑养护评分”可以帮助你识别影响大脑健康的个人特质与生活习惯。 全球大脑联盟
你的生活习惯越健康，你的评分就越高。想要提升评分，你可以选择想要着手改变的习惯。罗桑德说道：“这是一份指引，告诉你下一步可以怎么做。在我们为患者提供服务的过程中，它确实给了患者选择的权利，以及一种掌控感。”
2025年6月发表的一项突破性研究发现，大脑养护评分每高出5分，罹患心脏病的风险就会降低43%，常见癌症（包括肺癌、结直肠癌和乳腺癌）的发病率也会降低31%。
这证明了对大脑有益的事物，对身体其他部位同样有益。
那么该从何处入手呢？对劳伦·斯普拉格和她的丈夫斯科特而言，改变始于厨房。他们大幅增加了绿叶蔬菜的摄入，戒掉了高度加工食品。（这为她的评分加了1分。）他们会花更多时间待在户外，这有助于提升身体素质和缓解压力。（这又能加2分。）她还会抽出时间唱歌和创作，这为生活增添了意义、进一步缓解了压力并赋予了目标感（同时再加2分）。
斯普拉格说道：“‘大脑养护评分’确实为我提供了需要的养护方案。而它的妙处在于，这只是一份推荐建议，还可以根据具体情况调整，定制化的服务非常棒。”
罗桑德希望这是一款人人都能使用的养护方案。他说道：“我们希望通过‘大脑养护评分’传递的核心信息是：这取决于你自己。这关乎我们每一位观众，关乎每一个想要迈出改善步伐的人。主动权掌握在你手中，你拥有控制权。”
更多相关信息：
- 参与“大脑养护评分”测试（全球大脑养护联盟）
- 了解你的大脑养护评分
- 乔纳森·罗桑德医生，麻省总医院麦坎斯大脑健康中心
- 劳伦·斯普拉格
本文由阿莫尔·马特雷制作。编辑：埃马努埃莱·塞奇。
A tool to help keep dementia in check
May 3, 2026 / 9:36 AM EDT / CBS News
By Allison Aubrey
If you worry about your risk of dementia, Lauren Sprague knows your fear. Her father had a stroke when she was in high school. What followed was a long, slow descent into memory loss and dementia. He died at just 63.
“So, since I was 16 years old, pretty much every day of my life I worry, ‘Is today the day that the same thing could happen to me that happened to my dad?’” Sprague said. “It’s an incredible fear to walk around with.
“Every day of my children’s lives up until now, I’ve worried that that could be me,” she said.
Then she went to see Dr. Jonathan Rosand, who told us, “Time and again I would get the question, ‘Doctor, what can I do to take good care of my brain so that I don’t end up like my mother, my brother, my father?’”
Rosand is a neurologist at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. He explained to Sprague it was possible to cut the risk of dementia by making changes to daily habits, from choices about what you eat, to the amount of physical activity you get every day. “It turns out that these modifiable risk factors probably account for at least 40% of all dementia cases,” Rostand said.
A committee of experts from around the globe has concluded that about 40 to 45% of dementia cases could be prevented or delayed by addressing 14 modifiable risk factors:
- Physical inactivity
- Smoking
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Air pollution
- Traumatic brain injury
- Hearing loss
- Untreated vision loss
- High blood pressure
- Diabetes
- Obesity
- Low education attainment
- Social isolation
- High cholesterol
- Depression
Rostand said that it’s a very common conception that if dementia or Alzheimer’s is in one’s family, that they are doomed. “But the truth is there’s so much we can do,” he said.
The idea that exercise and diet are important is not new, of course. But what is new is a tool from Rosand and his team to help you understand exactly how much and what kind of lifestyle changes are beneficial. It starts with a simple questionnaire free to everyone online, called the Brain Care Score.
“The Brain Care Score is a tool for any of us to use in our daily lives that lists out the modifiable risk factors for dementia, stroke and depression,” Rostand said.
The Brain Care Score allows you to identify traits and lifestyle habits that can impact your brain health. Global Brain Coalition
The healthier your habits, the higher your score. And to improve your score, you pick which habits you want to focus on changing. Rostand said, “It’s a guide to where you can go next. And in our work with patients, it really does give a choice, and a sense of freedom.”
A groundbreaking study from June 2025 found that a five-point higher Brain Care Score is associated with a 43% lower risk of developing heart disease, and a 31% lower incidence of most common cancers (including lung, colorectal, and breast cancer).
It’s evidence that what’s good for the brain is good for the rest of the body, too.
So, where to start? For Lauren Sprague and her husband, Scott, change started in the kitchen. They doubled down on greens and cut out highly-processed foods. (This added one point to her score.) They spend more time outdoors, which helps with fitness and stress relief. (That can add 2 more points.) She also takes time to sing and create, adding meaning, more stress relief, and purpose (while adding 2 more points).
Sprague said, “The Brain Care Score really gave me the prescription that I needed. And the wonderful thing about it is, it is a recommendation, but there is nuance, and it can be customized, which is wonderful.”
And Rosand is hoping this is one prescription that we all can share. He said, “The key message we want to convey with the Brain Care Score is, it is you. It is each of our viewers. It is everyone who wants to take a step forward. It’s up to you and you’re in control.”
For more info:
- Take the Brain Care Score (Global Brain Care Coalition)
- Understanding your Brain Care Score
- Dr. Jonathan Rosand, McCance Center for Brain Health at Massachusetts General Hospital
- Lauren Sprague
Story produced by Amol Mhatre. Editor: Emanuele Secci.
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