2026年5月1日 美国东部时间下午1:33 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（CBS News）
作者：梅根·塞鲁洛（Megan Cerullo）
梅根·塞鲁洛是哥伦比亚广播公司财经观察（CBS MoneyWatch）驻纽约记者，报道小企业、职场、医疗保健、消费支出和个人理财话题。她经常做客哥伦比亚广播公司新闻24小时频道解读相关报道。
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针对特朗普政府“解放日”关税的退款申请——这些关税已于今年2月被美国最高法院裁定无效——企业终于明确了收款时间。
根据本周提交的法庭文件，特朗普政府最早有望在5月11日发放首批关税退款。据估算，白宫此前累计征收的关税总额达1660亿美元，如今需返还给进口商。
美国联邦政府于4月20日上线了退税申请门户，供企业提交特朗普时期《国际紧急经济权力法》（简称IEEPA）关税的退款申请。该工具名为CAPE，即“统一报关处理系统”，上线首日因大量企业访问一度崩溃。
目前该门户已恢复正常运行，多数企业可正常使用，不少法律专家对美国政府快速搭建退税机制的效率表示认可。
负责监管关税退款流程的美国国际贸易法院法官理查德·伊顿（Richard Eaton）在周二提交的文件中表示，首批退款最快可在5月11日汇入企业银行账户。
伊顿法官称，美国海关与边境保护局已受理约21%的IEEPA关税退款申请，其中3%已进入“退款流程阶段”。首批退款将由美国财政部发放，到账时间最早为5月11日。
伊顿在文件中提到了企业在办理关税退款过程中遇到的部分障碍。一些进口商表示无法登录海关进口商账户，拨打客服热线等待数小时才能解决行政流程错误问题。
明尼苏达州婴儿用品制造商Busy Baby的联合创始人贝丝·贝尼克（Beth Benike）就是因门户访问问题，尚未申请到数万美元退款的美国小企业主之一。
马萨诸塞州儿童户外服装品牌Buckle Me Baby的所有者达莉亚·里兹克（Dahlia Rizk）也表示，申请6.6万美元应退关税时遇到了重重困难。
“过程非常艰难，我遇到了很多麻烦，”她告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，“我本不该打电话给边境保护局，还要解释我的全部经营情况。”不过她最终成功提交了申请，称海关已批准该申请，预计未来数月内就能收到退款。
编辑：艾梅·皮奇（Aimee Picchi）
企业主谈美国关税退款相关问题
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/business-owners-describe-issues-with-governments-tariff-refund-portal/
Here’s when businesses will start getting refunds for Trump’s IEEPA tariffs
2026-05-01 1:33 PM EDT / CBS News
By Megan Cerullo
Megan Cerullo is a New York-based reporter for CBS MoneyWatch covering small business, workplace, health care, consumer spending and personal finance topics. She regularly appears on CBS News 24/7 to discuss her reporting.
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Businesses that applied for refunds of President Trump’s “liberation day” tariffs, which the Supreme Court struck down in February, are getting some clarity on when they will receive their money.
The Trump administration is expected to issue the first tariff refunds as early as May 11, according to court documents filed this week. The White House is estimated to have collected $166 billion in duties that it now owes back to importers.
The federal government on April 20 launched a portal where businesses could file refund requests for Mr. Trump’s International Emergency Economic Powers Act, or IEEPA, tariffs. Called CAPE, or the Consolidated Administration and Processing of Entries tool, the portal briefly crashed when a large number of businesses visited the site after its debut.
The portal has since been working as intended for most businesses, with some legal experts praising how quickly the U.S. government created the refund mechanism.
U.S. Court of International Trade Judge Richard Eaton, who oversees the tariff refund process, said in a filing Tuesday that the first tranche of refunds could land in businesses’ bank accounts around May 11.
Judge Eaton said that U.S. Customs and Border Protection has accepted roughly 21% of IEEPA duty refund requests. Of those, 3% are already in the “refund stage of the process,” Eaton said. The first refunds, which will come from the U.S. Treasury Department, will arrive as early as May 11.
In his filing, Eaton acknowledged some of the hurdles businesses faced in navigating the tariff refund process. Some importers said they were unable to access their Customs importer accounts and waited on hold for hours trying to resolve administrative errors.
Beth Benike, co-founder of Busy Baby, a Minnesota-based maker of baby accessories, is among the U.S. small businesses that have not yet been able to apply for tens of thousands of dollars in refunds due to portal access issues.
Dahlia Rizk, owner of Buckle Me Baby, a Massachusetts-based kids’ outerwear company, also reported struggles applying for $66,000 worth of refunds she’s owed.
“It was very difficult. I had a lot of trouble,” she told CBS News. “I shouldn’t have had to call up Border Patrol and explain my entire life story.” Ultimately, she was able to submit a request that she said Customs has approved and expects to receive in the coming months.
Edited by Aimee Picchi
Business owners on U.S. tariff refund issues
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/business-owners-describe-issues-with-governments-tariff-refund-portal/
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