2026-04-01 18:24:59 UTC / 路透社
作者：内特·雷蒙德
2026年4月1日 美国东部时间下午6:24 更新，2分钟前更新
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A homeless person sleeps on a bench near the National Mall, in Washington, D.C., U.S., August 15, 2025. REUTERS/Elizabeth Frantz Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
- 摘要
- 法院称修改拨款规则将损害住房机构及受助方
- 民主党官员、地方政府及非营利组织提起的诉讼辩称，此举可能导致数千人失去住房资助
- 特朗普政府试图将资助重点从“住房优先”模式转向过渡性住房
（路透社波士顿4月1日电）——美国一家联邦上诉法院周三驳回了特朗普政府对数十亿美元拨款施加新限制的请求，这些拨款用于为无家可归者提供永久性住房及其他服务。
总部位于波士顿的美国第一巡回上诉法院的三名法官组成的合议庭拒绝暂缓美国地区法官玛丽·麦克埃尔罗伊在罗德岛州普罗维登斯作出的裁决，该裁决阻止美国住房和城市发展部（HUD）修改“关怀连续体”项目的拨款发放标准。
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美国巡回法官朱莉·里克尔曼与另外两名上诉法院法官均由民主党总统乔·拜登任命，她表示，若作出相反裁决，将对受助方造成“不稳定且灾难性”的影响，导致住房机构倒闭，民众失去住房。
“总而言之，案卷呈现了令人不安的画面：若准予暂缓执行，原告、其选民及公众都将遭受损害，”她写道。
住房和城市发展部的一位发言人在一份声明中表示，该部门“仍致力于改革错误的‘住房优先’模式，该模式多年来资助了自私自利的无家可归者产业综合体，奖励了活动人士，却无视解决方案”。
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“住房优先”模式
此次裁决源于20个州及华盛顿特区的民主党官员、地方政府和非营利组织提起的诉讼。
部分原告的律师表示，如果特朗普政府胜诉，价值逾20亿美元、支持4000个地方住房联盟的拨款资助金可能会受制于住房和城市发展部的新规则。
“由于上诉法院拒绝准许联邦政府在上诉期间暂缓执行禁制令，近20万人——其中许多是残疾人——不会被赶出稳定的住房，”公共权利项目负责人吉尔·哈比格在一份声明中说道。
争议焦点为“关怀连续体”项目，该项目自1987年起为各州、地方政府及非营利组织提供资源，用于为无家可归者提供支持服务，重点服务对象为退伍军人、家庭及残疾人。
该项目长期以来以“住房优先”模式应对无家可归问题，优先为民众提供永久性住房，不设置戒酒、就业等前置条件。
除住房外，拨款还用于资助儿童保育、职业培训、心理健康咨询及交通服务。
本届政府批评住房优先模式，住房和城市发展部去年11月表示，将全面改革拨款项目，转向带有工作要求及其他条件的过渡性住房举措。
麦克埃尔罗伊去年12月认定，住房和城市发展部的举措与联邦为无家可归者收容所项目提供资金的法定要求相悖。她指出，国会优先为稳定且永久性的住房提供资助。
国会在2月通过一项支出法案，要求住房和城市发展部续签“关怀连续体”项目并发放新的拨款后，特朗普政府要求麦克埃尔罗伊撤销其禁制令，允许该项目约40亿美元资金中的一部分受住房和城市发展部新规则约束。
但麦克埃尔罗伊拒绝了这一请求，理由是需要保护受助方免受“动荡及服务缺口”的影响。特朗普政府随后提起上诉，援引这项新法案，但原告方表示，该法案从未认可住房和城市发展部的拨款发放方式。
内特·雷蒙德波士顿报道；亚历克西亚·加拉姆法尔维与迪帕·巴宾顿编辑
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Trump administration cannot alter homelessness funding conditions, US court rules
2026-04-01 18:24:59 UTC / Reuters
By Nate Raymond
April 1, 2026 6:24 PM UTC Updated 2 mins ago
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- Summary
- Court says changing grant rules would harm housing organizations and recipients
- Lawsuit by Democratic officials, local governments, nonprofits argued changes risked thousands losing housing
- Trump administration sought to shift focus from ‘housing-first’ to transitional housing
BOSTON, April 1 (Reuters) – A federal appeals court on Wednesday refused to allow the Trump administration to impose new restrictions on billions of dollars in grant funding used to provide permanent housing and other services to homeless people.
A three-judge panel of the Boston-based 1st U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals declined, opens new tab to put on hold a ruling by U.S. District Judge Mary McElroy in Providence, Rhode Island, that had blocked the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development from changing the criteria used to distribute grant funding from the Continuum of Care program.
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U.S. Circuit Judge Julie Rikelman, who like the other appellate judges was appointed by Democratic President Joe Biden, said a ruling to the contrary would be “destabilizing and disastrous” for funding recipients, leading to the shuttering of housing organizations and people losing their housing.
“In sum, the record paints a disturbing picture of the harms that would flow to the plaintiffs, their constituents, and the public from issuing a stay,” she wrote.
A HUD spokesperson in a statement said the department “remains committed to reforming the misguided ‘Housing First’ approach that for years funded the self-serving homeless industrial complex, rewarded activists, and ignored solutions.”
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‘HOUSING-FIRST’ APPROACH
The ruling stems from a lawsuit brought by Democratic officials in 20 states and Washington, D.C., local governments and nonprofit organizations.
Lawyers for some of the plaintiffs said that if the administration had prevailed, more than $2 billion worth of grant funding supporting 4,000 local housing coalitions could have become subject to HUD’s new rules.
“Because the appeals court refused to grant the federal government’s motion to stay the injunction pending appeal, almost 200,000 people — many living with disabilities — will not be displaced from stable housing,” Jill Habig, the head of the legal group the Public Rights Project, said in a statement.
At issue was the Continuum of Care program, which has provided resources since 1987 for states, local governments and nonprofits to deliver support services to homeless people, with a focus on veterans, families, and people with disabilities.
The program has long been based on a “housing-first” approach to combating homelessness, which prioritizes placing people into permanent housing without preconditions such as sobriety and employment.
Along with housing, the grants fund childcare, job training, mental health counseling and transportation services.
The administration has criticized the housing-first approach, and HUD in November said it was overhauling the grant program to focus on transitional housing initiatives with work requirements and other conditions.
McElroy in December concluded HUD’s efforts conflicted with the mandates of a federal law that provides money for homeless shelter programs. She cited Congress’ prioritization of providing funding for stable and permanent housing.
After Congress passed a spending bill in February that mandated HUD renew Continuum of Care projects and issue new grant awards, the administration asked McElroy to set aside her injunction, allowing some of the roughly $4 billion for the program to become subject to HUD’s new rules.
But McElroy declined to do so, citing the need to protect funding recipients from “upheaval and service gaps.” The administration then appealed, citing the new law, which the plaintiffs said never blessed HUD’s approach to grant funding.
Reporting by Nate Raymond in Boston; Editing by Alexia Garamfalvi and Deepa Babington
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