2026-07-07T19:04:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（CBS News）
作者：理查德·埃斯科韦多（Richard Escobedo）
更新时间：2026年7月7日 / 美国东部时间晚上7:04 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
特朗普政府于周二撤销了一项允许伊朗石油销售的豁免权，这是伊朗政权的关键收入来源，此前伊斯兰革命卫队在霍尔木兹海峡袭击了三艘油轮。
美国财政部表示，两周前作为美伊临时和平协议一部分发布的“X通用许可证”——该许可证豁免了伊朗石油销售免受美国制裁——将被范围更窄的“X1通用许可证”取代。
新许可证自周二起不再授权任何新的伊朗石油销售。它为根据先前许可证已在进行中的交易提供了至7月17日的宽限期，相关销售所得将存入“被冻结的计息账户”。目前尚不清楚已有多少笔交易在进行中。
作为上月达成的美伊60天谅解备忘录的一部分，美国曾被要求颁发制裁豁免并允许伊朗出口原油。该协议还延长了两国间的停火协议——美国指责伊朗周二袭击三艘商业船只违反了这一规定。
“正如特朗普总统和本届政府多次申明的那样，与伊朗生效的谅解备忘录完全基于履约情况，”一名美国官员在石油制裁豁免权被撤销后发表声明告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻。“伊朗只有表现出良好行为才能获得收益。伊朗在海峡的行动完全不可接受，美国将予以回击。我们的谈判代表仍在本着诚意为达成最终协议而努力。”
伊朗副外长卡齐姆·加里巴巴迪（Kazem Gharibabadi）在X平台上发帖抨击美国撤销豁免权的行为，称其违反了谅解备忘录。
“伊朗在就美国违反协议的后果发出严肃警告的同时，将采取果断行动维护国家利益和安全，”加里巴巴迪写道。
受此消息影响，油价上涨。国际布伦特原油基准价格攀升至每桶75美元。美国本土的西德克萨斯中质原油基准价格跃升至每桶71美元。
沙特阿拉伯驻美国大使馆发言人谴责伊朗对商业船只的袭击，并表示沙特和卡塔尔的油轮成为袭击目标。
“沙特王国申明，这些不可接受的袭击是对国际航行安全与保障以及全球能源供应安全的攻击，”该发言人表示。
美国军方中央司令部表示，周二美军对伊朗境内目标发动空袭，以报复针对商业船只的袭击，中央司令部称此举“明显违反了停火协议”。
停止袭击商业船只以及允许伊朗石油销售的豁免权，是美伊6月18日签署的谅解备忘录的关键内容。该备忘录将美伊之间的战斗暂停60天，双方在此期间就伊朗核计划敲定技术细节，并要求伊朗保障商业船只的安全通行。
该协议还帮助抑制了油价上涨。今年4月底油价曾攀升至每桶125美元，因为此前战争导致全球五分之一的石油运输通道霍尔木兹海峡实际上被关闭。伊朗无人机和导弹袭击还严重破坏了海湾国家的油气基础设施，导致供应短缺并推高了油价。
在谅解备忘录签署前不久，商业石油储备即将达到临界水平。5月份曾达到每加仑4.50美元以上的汽油价格，本可能进一步上涨。
“石油储备将在约4周内耗尽，”特朗普总统在6月17日的新闻发布会上表示。
前美联储和财政部制裁官员丹尼尔·坦内鲍姆（Daniel Tannebaum）表示，中国和印度作为伊朗石油的主要买家，是“X通用许可证”制裁豁免的“主要受益者”。
目前尚不清楚两周的伊朗石油销售——加上霍尔木兹海峡石油运输量激增——将对石油市场产生何种影响。
现为奥纬咨询合伙人、领导全球反金融犯罪业务的坦内鲍姆表示，美国撤销“X通用许可证”的更广泛影响尚不明朗。
“我们确切知道的是，霍尔木兹海峡如今已永久改变，”他说。“这场战争为伊朗创造了没人真正相信他们能做到的行动条件，我不知道如何将这个‘精灵’收回瓶中。要恢复到仅五个月前我们所见的海峡自由通航状态，需要非凡的外交手腕。”
美国对伊朗实施报复性空袭
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/us-retaliatory-strikes-iran-attacks-commercial-ships/
美国在袭击商业船只后对伊朗实施报复性空袭
(04:09)
U.S. rescinds waiver permitting Iranian oil sales after Iran attacks tankers
2026-07-07T19:04:00-0400 / CBS News
By Richard Escobedo
Updated on: July 7, 2026 / 7:04 PM EDT / CBS News
The Trump administration on Tuesday revoked a waiver that allowed Iranian oil sales, a key source of revenue for the regime, after the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps attacked three tankers in the Strait of Hormuz.
The Treasury Department said that “General License X,” which was issued two weeks ago as part of an interim peace deal between the U.S. and Iran and exempted Iranian oil sales from U.S. sanctions, would be superseded by a narrower waiver called “General License X1.”
The new license does not authorize any new Iranian oil sales after Tuesday. It allows a grace period until July 17 for transactions already in process and authorized under the previous license, with the money from those sales placed in a “blocked, interest-bearing account.” It is unclear how many transactions were already in process.
The U.S. had been required to issue sanctions waivers and allow Iran to export crude oil as part of a 60-day U.S.-Iran memorandum of understanding struck last month. That deal also extended a ceasefire between the two countries — a provision the U.S. accused Iran of violating Tuesday by attacking three commercial vessels.
“As President Trump and the administration have repeatedly affirmed, the MOU in effect with Iran is entirely performance-based,” a U.S. official told CBS News in a statement after the oil sanctions waiver was rescinded. “Iran will only reap benefits if they exhibit good behavior. Iran’s actions in the Strait were wholly unacceptable to the United States and will be met with consequences. Our negotiators continue to work in good faith towards a final deal.”
Iran’s Deputy Foreign Minister, Kazem Gharibabadi, blasted the U.S. revocation of the waiver, saying it violated the memorandum of understanding, in a post on X.
“Iran, while issuing a serious warning regarding the consequences of America’s breach of the agreement, will take decisive actions to safeguard its national interests and security,” Gharibabadi wrote.
Oil prices rose on the news. The international Brent Crude benchmark climbed to $75 a barrel. The U.S.-based West Texas Intermediate crude benchmark jumped to $71.
A spokesman for Saudi Arabia’s Embassy in the U.S. condemned Iran’s attacks on commercial vessels and said that Saudi and Qatari tankers were targeted.
“The Kingdom affirms that these unacceptable attacks are an assault on the security and safety of international navigation, and the energy of global energy supplies,” the spokesperson said.
The U.S. military’s Central Command said Tuesday it struck targets inside Iran in retaliation for the strikes on commercial vessels, which CENTCOM called a “clear violation of the ceasefire.”
The cessation of attacks on commercial ships and the U.S. waiver permitting Iranian oil sales were key components of the memorandum of understanding signed by the U.S. and Iran on June 18. The memorandum halted fighting between the U.S. and Iran for 60 days, while both sides worked to iron out technical details over Iran’s nuclear program, and required Iran to allow for the safe passage of commercial ships.
It also helped put a lid on oil prices, which peaked at $125 a barrel in late April because the Strait of Hormuz, where one fifth of the world’s oil transited before the war, was effectively closed. Iranian drone and missile strikes also severely damaged oil and gas infrastructure in Gulf countries, leading to supply shortages which pushed up prices.
Shortly before the memorandum was signed, commercial oil reserves were on track to hit critical levels. Gasoline prices, which peaked at over $4.50 a gallon in May, would likely have risen even further.
“Oil reserves run out in about 4 weeks,” President Trump said in a press conference on June 17.
China and India, among the top buyers of Iranian oil, “were the primary beneficiaries” of the “General License X” sanctions waiver, according to Daniel Tannebaum, a former sanctions official at the Federal Reserve and Treasury Department.
It is unclear what impact two weeks of Iranian oil sales — plus a surge in oil shipments through the Strait — will have on oil markets.
The broader impact of the U.S. withdrawal of “General License X” is yet to be seen, said Tannebaum, who is now a partner at Oliver Wyman, where he leads the Global Anti-Financial Crime practice.
“What we do know is the Strait of Hormuz is permanently changed at this point,” he said. “This war set off the conditions for Iran to do something that no one really believed they could do, and I don’t know how you get that genie back in the bottle. It will take a remarkable feat of diplomacy to really move back to the type of free navigation that we saw through the Strait just five months ago.”
U.S. conducting retaliatory strikes against Iran
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/us-retaliatory-strikes-iran-attacks-commercial-ships/
U.S. conducting retaliatory strikes against Iran after attacks on commercial ships
(04:09)
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