2026年7月7日 / 美国东部时间上午7:52 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
华盛顿 — 随着北大西洋公约组织土耳其峰会于周二开幕，特朗普总统将继续推动北约成员国将国内生产总值的5%用于国防开支。
在此之际，美国正逐步从欧洲撤出部分军事资产，他再次与意大利总理焦尔吉娅·梅洛尼爆发争执，而他对收购格陵兰岛的兴趣令欧洲盟友感到不安和恼怒。特朗普曾多次质疑北约的实用性和存续性，令这个拥有32个成员国的联盟成员始终对他的下一番言论感到紧张不安。
特朗普于美国东部时间周二早上7点前不久，即当地时间下午2点抵达土耳其，土耳其总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安对其进行了短暂迎接。
此次峰会选址土耳其首都安卡拉具有特殊意义。在与部分欧洲国家关系紧张的背景下，特朗普在其两届任期内加强了与埃尔多安的联系。尽管土耳其自1952年起就是北约成员国，但它有时也是个颇具争议的成员，与俄罗斯有着复杂的经济关系，还存在一系列系统性的人权问题。
北约秘书长马克·吕特上月在峰会前于白宫与特朗普举行了会晤。
出于诸多原因，美国国务卿马可·卢比奥上月将此次峰会称为“或许是北约历史上最重要的一次会议”。
国防开支
特朗普长期以来一直对北约成员国的国防开支水平以及二战后依赖美国军事能力和基础设施的现状表示不满。自首届任期以来，他就一直在推动北约成员国增加国防开支。
得益于特朗普的大力推动，北约盟国在去年于海牙举行的2025年北约峰会上承诺，到2035年将国防开支占国内生产总值的比例提升至5%，高于此前设定的2%的目标。
“我们的目标始终是将欧洲常规防务的负担转移给我们的欧洲盟友和加拿大，”美国驻北约大使马特·惠特克在周日的预览电话中对记者表示，“美国依然是引以为傲的北约成员国，我每天都会继续为特朗普总统在北约联盟中开展重要工作，但作为世界唯一超级大国，我们在世界其他地区也肩负着责任。”
惠特克表示，推动其他国家增加国防开支、鼓励“分担负担”将是特朗普在安卡拉峰会的首要重点。
“波兰、北欧国家、波罗的海国家走在了前列，德国也有望在2029年达到5%的目标，但其他许多国家进度滞后。特朗普总统期望所有盟国立即行动起来，不仅要走上可持续的5%开支路径，还要尽快达成这一目标，”他说道。
美国目前的国防开支约占国内生产总值的3%。
惠特克在接受美国全国广播公司财经频道采访时表示，围绕国防开支推动引发的任何不快都只是“成长的烦恼”，因为美国在北约的投入正在“减少”。
特朗普对他认为未尽到责任的北约成员国言辞更为严厉。今年早些时候，特朗普批评西班牙拒绝接受5%的开支承诺，并威胁要“切断与该国的所有贸易往来”。
美国在欧洲军事存在缩减
美国逐步减少在欧洲的军事部署，与北约成员国增加国防开支占国内生产总值比例的要求是相辅相成的。
五角大楼此前已宣布计划从德国撤出约5000名美军士兵，并削减战斗机、坦克及其他装备的数量。
“我们的国家安全战略和国防战略都强调了我们在欧洲分担负担方面的优先级，欧洲更有能力的盟国将能够应对他们完全有能力应对的欧洲地区威胁，这将让我们能够将注意力转向其他地方，”一名美国高级官员在周日的匿名电话采访中对记者表示，“因此，我们正在进行军力部署评估，或者说该评估很可能会促使我们调整军力部署，这不应让人感到意外，因为我们正努力将负担转移给欧洲，我们在主要战略文件中也明确说明了这一点。”
格陵兰岛
特朗普并未放弃收购格陵兰岛的想法，这对北约而言是个棘手问题，因为格陵兰岛是北约成员国丹麦的半自治领土。格陵兰和丹麦两国都坚决反对这一想法。
总统的这一诉求不仅激怒了格陵兰和丹麦，也激怒了其他斯堪的纳维亚国家和欧洲大部分地区。特朗普政府在委内瑞拉和伊朗的军事行动暂时转移了外界对格陵兰岛问题的关注，特朗普今年早些时候曾表示，动用军事手段夺取格陵兰岛不在考虑范围内，但这并不意味着总统已经忘记了这座北极岛屿。
这名美国高级官员在周日的电话采访中对记者表示，收购格陵兰岛仍然是保卫美国和其他北约国家的最佳方式，尽管政府正在探索其他选项。
“我们仍然认为，就格陵兰岛的防务需求而言，收购格陵兰岛是满足北约防务需求的最佳方式，”这名美国高级官员在谈及美国收购格陵兰岛时表示，“但我们也正在与他们探讨解决这些担忧的所有其他机制。但需要强调的是，所有北约盟国在格陵兰岛防务考量的重要性上并无分歧。分歧在于如何解决这些问题，以及如何永久解决这些问题。”
与意大利总理的争执
意大利总理焦尔吉娅·梅洛尼曾是特朗普最青睐的外国领导人之一，但如今很快失宠于这位美国总统。
上月，特朗普称梅洛尼“恳求我与她合影”，但表示不想让她成为自己的“粉丝”，因为她在霍尔木兹海峡和伊朗问题上对特朗普政府支持不足。作为回应，意大利外交大臣取消了原定的美国之行。
梅洛尼本人表示，总统的言论“令她震惊”，并批评特朗普对本国盟友的行为。但特朗普并未平息这场争执。周日，他在没有任何背景说明的情况下发布了一张自己与梅洛尼的合影，并配文“需要下达限制令”。
这可能会让安卡拉峰会的气氛变得尴尬。
霍尔木兹海峡
霍尔木兹海峡的安全是欧洲盟国的首要议题，其中许多国家比美国更依赖中东石油。上月美伊达成为期60天的谅解备忘录，同意重新开放该航道后，途经海峡的航运交通正在恢复，但航运企业仍心存警惕。
美伊在脆弱停火期间的谈判因伊朗已故最高领袖阿里·哈梅内伊的多日葬礼而暂停，哈梅内伊在最初的空袭中身亡。
周一，特朗普表示美国“无论如何”都将赢得对伊朗的战争。
“我们要么达成协议，要么完成任务，”他在椭圆形办公室说道，“完成任务并不困难。”
特朗普一直对欧洲盟国未与他一同对抗伊朗感到不满，并坚称它们在重新开放海峡方面做得不够。上月吕特访问白宫时，曾多次向特朗普说明，尽管欧洲盟国做得不够，但一直在帮助美国在伊朗的行动。
乌克兰
根据最新日程，特朗普预计将在峰会间隙与乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基举行会晤。特朗普长期以来一直表示，他认为俄罗斯和乌克兰都希望达成协议，但在俄罗斯全面入侵乌克兰四年多后，局势的解决仍然不明朗。
泽连斯基和北约欧洲成员国比美国更接近这场战争，他们肯定会在峰会上提出最新的担忧。
NATO summit begins in Turkey as Trump pushes for more defense spending and ponders Greenland
July 7, 2026 / 7:52 AM EDT / CBS News
Washington — As the North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s summit in Turkey begins Tuesday, President Trump will continue to push NATO countries to spend 5% of their gross domestic product on defense.
He does so as the U.S. slowly pulls some of its assets out of Europe, as he reignites a tiff with Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni and as his interest in acquiring Greenland unsettles and aggravates European allies. The president has at times questioned the usefulness and viability of NATO, keeping members of the 32-country alliance on edge for what he might say next.
Mr. Trump arrived in Turkey shortly before 7 a.m. ET, or 2 p.m. local time, on Tuesday, and was briefly greeted by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.
The location of the summit in the Turkish capital of Ankara is notable. Amid strained ties with some European countries, Mr. Trump has, in his two terms in office, strengthened ties with Erdoğan. Although it’s been a NATO member since 1952, Turkey is at times a controversial member, with a complex economic relationship with Russia and a bevy of systemic human rights issues.
NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte met with Mr. Trump at the White House last month ahead of the summit.
For a number of reasons, Secretary of State Marco Rubio last month called this summit “probably the most important meeting in NATO’s history.”
Defense spending
Mr. Trump has long expressed his frustration with NATO members’ levels of defense spending and reliance on U.S. military capabilities and infrastructure in the post-World War II era. Since his first term, he has been pushing NATO members to increase their defense spending.
At the 2025 NATO summit last year in The Hague, NATO allies committed to investing 5% of their gross domestic product on defense by the year 2035, thanks largely to a push by Mr. Trump, and up from the previous target of 2%.
“Our goal continues to be shifting the burden of the conventional defense of Europe to our European allies and Canada,” U.S. Ambassador to NATO Matt Whitaker told reporters on a preview call Sunday. “The United States remains a proud NATO member, and I continue to show up every single day doing the important work at the alliance on behalf of President Trump, but we have responsibilities elsewhere in the world, as the world’s only superpower.”
That push to boost other countries’ defense spending and encourage “burden-shifting” will be a top focus of the president in Ankara, Whitaker said.
“Poland, the Nordic countries, the Baltic countries lead the way, and Germany is on track for the 5%, reaching it in 2029, but many others are lagging behind, and President Trump expects all allies to step up immediately, and not only get on a sustainable path to the 5% but get to 5% as soon as possible,” he said.
The U.S. currently spends roughly 3% of its GDP on defense.
Whitaker told CNBC any uncomfortable moments over the defense spending push are simply “growing pains,” as the United States does “less” in NATO.
Mr. Trump has offered harsher words for NATO members that he believes aren’t carrying their weight. Earlier this year, the president criticized Spain for opting out of the 5% commitment, threatening to “cut off all trade” with the country.
Reduced U.S. military footprint in Europe
A slow reduction of the U.S. military footprint in Europe goes hand-in-hand with the expectation that NATO countries spend increasing portions of their GDP on defense.
The Pentagon has already announced a plan to withdraw about 5,000 U.S. troops from Germany, as well as reductions in fighter jets, tanks and other equipment.
“Both our national security strategy and our national defense strategy talk about the priority we’re placing on burden-shifting in Europe, and that more capable allies in Europe will allow them to meet threats that exist in Europe that they’re perfectly able to meet, and that will allow us to focus elsewhere,” a senior U.S. official told reporters on a call on the condition of anonymity Sunday. “And so, there should be no surprise that we’re doing a posture review, or surprise that that posture review very, very well may lead to us adjusting our posture, because we’re trying to shift the burden to Europe, and we’ve been very specific about that in our major strategic documents.”
Greenland
Mr. Trump hasn’t given up his hopes of acquiring Greenland, which is problematic for NATO given that Greenland is a semi-autonomous territory within NATO member Denmark. Both Greenland and Denmark are staunchly opposed to the idea.
The president’s quest has aggravated not just Greenland and Denmark, but the other Scandinavian countries and much of Europe. The Trump administration’s military campaigns in Venezuela and Iran have taken the focus off Greenland, for now, and Mr. Trump said earlier this year that using military force to take over Greenland wasn’t on the table, but that doesn’t mean the president has forgotten about the Arctic island.
The U.S. official told reporters on that call Sunday that acquiring Greenland would still be the best way to defend the U.S. and other NATO countries, although the administration is exploring other options.
“We still think that’s the best way to meet the defense needs of NATO with respect to Greenland,” the senior U.S. official said of the U.S. acquiring Greenland, “but we’re also exploring with them all other mechanisms to address those concerns. But to emphasize, there really is no disagreement amongst any NATO ally about the importance of defense considerations of Greenland. It’s about how to solve them, and how to solve them permanently.”
Tiff with Italy’s prime minister
Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, once one of Mr. Trump’s favorite foreign leaders, has quickly fallen out of favor with the U.S. president.
Last month, Mr. Trump claimed Meloni “begged me to take a photo with her,” but said he doesn’t want her as a “fan” because she was insufficiently supportive of the Trump administration on the Strait of Hormuz and Iran. In response, Italy’s foreign minister canceled a planned U.S. visit.
Meloni herself said the president’s words “stunned” her, and criticized Mr. Trump for his behavior toward his own allies. But Mr. Trump hasn’t let go of the spat. On Sunday, without any context, he posted an image of himself and Meloni with the caption, “RESTRAINING ORDER NEEDED.”
That could make things awkward in Ankara.
The Strait of Hormuz
The security of the Strait of Hormuz is a top issue for European allies, many of whom are far more reliant on Middle Eastern oil than the U.S. Shipping traffic through the strait is recovering, after the U.S. and Iran agreed to reopen the waterway as part of a 60-day memorandum of understanding last month, but shippers are still wary.
U.S.-Iran talks during the fragile ceasefire are on pause for the multi-day funeral of Iran’s late Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, killed in the initial strikes.
On Monday, Mr. Trump said the U.S. will win the war with Iran “one way or the other.”
“We’re either going to make a deal, or we’re going to finish the job,” he said in the Oval Office. “It won’t be tough to finish the job.”
Mr. Trump has been frustrated that European allies haven’t joined him in fighting Iran, and insists they haven’t done enough to help reopen the strait. When he visited the White House last month, Rutte repeatedly made the case to Mr. Trump that European allies, although they hadn’t done enough, have been helping the United States in its endeavors in Iran.
Ukraine
Mr. Trump, according to the latest schedule, is expected to meet with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy on the sidelines of the summit. Mr. Trump has long said that he thinks both Russia and Ukraine want to make a deal, but more than four years into Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, a resolution remains unclear.
Zelenskyy and NATO’s European members, which are much closer to the war than the U.S., will be sure to bring up the latest concerns at the summit.
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