2026年6月29日 / 美国东部时间晚上7:10 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
作者:弗雷德·巴克斯、詹妮弗·德平托
建国250年之际,美国人普遍将本国视为一个成功的故事——即便他们认为这个国家仍有改进空间。
绝大多数人表示,美国在实现建国理想方面已经取得了不小的成就,即便算不上硕果累累,也至少有相当可观的进展。
我们,美国人民,认为自己是这个国家最棒的部分。大多数人乐于生活在一个包容多元思想与文化的国度,并且我们对“生命、自由和追求幸福”的内涵有着共同的认知。
作为一个发明了电灯泡和互联网的国家,如今许多人仍将建国纲领中阐述的理念视为美国有史以来最伟大的发明。
然而,美国人也意识到本国当下正面临诸多挑战:
近半数国民在这个里程碑时刻认为,美国最辉煌的岁月已经过去。
美国梦被认为正承受压力,往往遥不可及。
正如历史上经济机遇与政治进程紧密交织,如今人们同样认为经济机遇与民主本身同等重要。但那些认为机遇仅为少数人所享有的人同时觉得,民主也正受到威胁。
对未来和过去的看法息息相关。
那些认为美国在实现建国理想方面取得了巨大成就的人,对未来最为乐观,并且倾向于认为美国的民主是稳固的。
机遇与美国梦
如今的美国人对机遇的可得性持怀疑态度。仅有一半的美国人对当下美国梦的可实现性抱有哪怕些许信心,多数人认为如今只有少数顶层人士才有机会脱颖而出。
美国人将经济机遇与国家命运联系在一起:那些对美国梦的可实现性最缺乏信心的人,最有可能认为美国最辉煌的岁月已经过去。
他们还将此与民主面临的威胁联系起来:那些认为当今社会只有少数人有机会向上流动的人中,大多数都认为美国的民主正受到威胁。
我们的共同之处
大多数美国人认为他们大体上能够和睦相处,是政治让他们产生分歧——这一观点得到了多数民主党人、共和党人和无党派人士的共同认同。
事实上,人们认为政治分歧甚至比经济问题更像是未来50年美国面临的最大挑战。
多数人认为,当美国拥有许多秉持不同价值观的多元文化时,国家才能运转得最好。
并且我们对“生命、自由和追求幸福”的内涵有着共同的认知。
自豪感与爱国情怀
大多数美国人表示自己至少有一定程度的爱国情怀,但不一定是非常强烈的爱国者。自认为非常爱国的人群比例多年来一直在波动,在2001年9·11事件后达到峰值,但近年来已降至历史低点。
回首美国历史,大多数美国人即便不是非常自豪,也至少怀有一定程度的自豪感。这两者之间存在关联——那些自称非常爱国的人,最有可能表示自己对此深感自豪。
各个年龄段、性别和种族群体中的多数人都表示,自己至少对国家历史怀有一定程度的自豪感。老年美国人与男性尤其如此。
绝大多数美国黑人如今认为自己是爱国者,但仅有略超一半的人表示,回顾美国250年的历史,他们会认为自己有些或非常自豪。
在政治立场上,共和党人表达的自豪感和爱国情怀最为强烈,他们对美国的赞美也比民主党人或无党派人士更为全面。
多数共和党人认为,美国在实现建国理想方面已经取得了巨大成就(而非仅仅是部分成就),而尽管多数美国人认为美国至少是世界上最伟大的国家之一,但共和党人则认为美国是独一无二的世界第一强国。
无论他们认为美国是最优秀的国家还是仅属于最优秀之列, across the political spectrum (跨政治立场的)大多数美国人都表示,比起其他任何国家,他们更愿意生活在美国。
展望美国建国300周年
当人们展望2076年的三百周年纪念日时,美国人的态度是谨慎的乐观。总体而言,认为美国未来境况会比现在更好的人多于认为会更糟的人。在那些认为美国最辉煌的岁月还在前方的人群中,这一情况尤为明显。
这其中包括许多年轻人,他们对50年后的美国现状比老年人更为乐观。
但美国人也预见到未来会存在一些障碍。
尽管许多人认为50年后美国的军事力量会更加强大,但对美国民主(尤其是那些认为当下民主已受威胁的人群)和经济实力抱有信心的人却更少,而对美国的道德和价值观持怀疑态度的人则更多。
如今,大多数美国人认为政治会让人们产生分歧,而且他们似乎认为这种情况不会消失。当被问及未来50年美国面临的最大挑战是什么时,政治分歧与经济可负担性并列榜首。
本次哥伦比亚广播公司新闻/舆观调查于2026年6月23日至26日进行,调查样本为具有全国代表性的2150名美国成年人。根据美国人口普查局美国社区调查和当前人口调查以及2024年总统选举结果,样本按照性别、年龄、种族和教育程度进行加权,以确保其能代表全国成年人口。调查误差幅度为±2.7个百分点。
CBS News poll on America at 250 — its successes and its challenges
June 29, 2026 / 7:10 PM EDT / CBS News
By Fred Backus, Jennifer De Pinto
Two hundred fifty years on, Americans generally see their nation as a success story — even if it’s one that they feel still has work to do.
A big majority say the nation has succeeded in achieving its founding ideals, at least a fair amount, if not a great deal.
We, the people, think of ourselves— America’s people — as the best thing about the country. Most of us like having a nation of many different ideas and cultures, and we share common views on what constitutes “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.”
And for a country that produced the light bulb and the internet, today it is still the ideas laid out in the founding that many offer up as America’s best invention of all.
Yet, Americans also see a nation facing challenges today:
Almost half the country marks this milestone feeling that America’s best days are in its past.
The American Dream is seen under pressure, often unattainable.
And just as economic opportunities are entwined with our political history, they’re seen today just as defining as democracy itself. But those who think opportunity is only for a few feel democracy, too, is under threat.
Views of the future and past are linked.
Those who say the U.S. has done a great deal in achieving its founding ideals are the most optimistic about the future, and tend to think U.S. democracy is secure.
Opportunity and the American Dream
Americans today have skepticism about the availability of opportunity. Just half of Americans are even somewhat confident that the American Dream is attainable today, and most think it’s mainly just a few people at the top who have a chance to get ahead.
Americans see a connection between economic opportunity and the nation’s fortunes: those with the least confidence in the attainability of the American Dream are the most likely to see America’s best days as being in the past.
They also connect it to a threat to democracy: Most who think only a few have a chance to get ahead in today’s society think U.S. democracy is under threat.
What unites us
Most Americans think they generally get along, and it’s politics that drives them apart — a view shared by a majority of Democrats, Republicans and independents alike.
In fact, it is political division, even as much as economics, that people see as the biggest challenge over the next half-century.
Most think America works best when it has many different cultures with different values.
And we share common views of what constitutes life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.
Pride and patriotism
Most Americans say they are at least somewhat but not necessarily very patriotic. The percentage that have described themselves as very patriotic has fluctuated over the years, reaching its peak after the 9/11 attacks in 2001, though in recent years it has been at historic lows.
Most Americans also are at least somewhat proud, if not very proud, when looking back over the course of U.S. history. The two are linked — those who describe themselves as very patriotic are the most likely to say they are very proud.
Majorities of all age, gender, and racial groups describe themselves as at least somewhat proud. Older Americans and men are particularly likely to be so.
A large majority of Black Americans call themselves patriotic today, but just over half describe themselves as somewhat or very proud when looking back on 250 years of American history.
Politically, Republicans proclaim the most pride and patriotism, and they are more sweeping in their praise for the U.S. than Democrats or independents.
A majority of Republicans think the U.S. has succeeded a great deal in achieving the ideals upon which it was founded (not just somewhat), and while most Americans describe the U.S. as at least one of the greatest countries, Republicans say it stands alone as the single greatest country in the world.
Whether they consider the U.S. the best country or among the best, most Americans across the political spectrum say they would rather live in the United States than anywhere else.
Looking ahead to America at 300
As they think ahead to the 2076 tricentennial, Americans’ outlook is one of cautious optimism. On balance, more people believe things in America will be better than worse, compared to today. This is especially so among those who feel America’s best days are ahead.
And that includes many younger people, who are feeling more positive than older people about the state of America 50 years from now.
But Americans do foresee some hurdles ahead.
While many think American military power will be stronger in 50 years, fewer are confident in the strength of America’s democracy (particularly those who think democracy is threatened today) and its economic power, and even more are skeptical about its morality and values.
Today, most Americans feel politics drives people apart, and it seems they don’t think that will disappear. When asked what will be America’s biggest challenge over the next 50 years, political division, along with economic affordability, tops the list.
This CBS News/YouGov survey was conducted with a nationally representative sample of 2,150 U.S. adults interviewed between June 23-26, 2026. The sample was weighted to be representative of adults nationwide according to gender, age, race, and education, based on the U.S. Census American Community Survey and Current Population Survey, as well as 2024 presidential vote. The margin of error is ±2.7 points.
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