2026年6月29日 / 美国东部时间上午11:20 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
华盛顿讯 美国最高法院周一同意裁决联邦法律是否禁止亚利桑那州实施更严格的投票规则，其中包括一项要求在州登记表格上登记投票者提供公民身份证明的措施。
此案将引发一场围绕该州收紧投票要求举措的高风险争议。非美国公民在联邦和州选举中投票属于犯罪行为，但一些州试图实施新的限制措施，以确保非公民不会出现在选民登记名单上，此前特朗普总统曾声称选举存在欺诈行为。
最高法院将在下一个开庭期听取口头辩论，该开庭期将于10月开始。
提交至最高法院的争议涉及亚利桑那州议会2022年通过的两项法律。第一项法律要求通过州表格登记投票的潜在选民提供公民身份证明，第二项法律涉及州选举官员审查选民登记名单并取消非公民选民登记资格的程序。
潜在选民也可以使用联邦表格进行登记，该表格无需提供公民身份证明。在亚利桑那州，填写联邦表格但未提供公民身份证明的申请人可能仅被登记为可参加联邦选举的选民，但没有资格投票选举总统或进行邮寄投票。根据法庭记录，截至2023年7月，共有超过1.9万名亚利桑那州人未提供公民身份证明，被登记为“仅限联邦选举”选民。
亚利桑那州议会通过这些措施后，民主党全国委员会、亚利桑那州民主党和非营利组织提起诉讼，请求阻止这些措施的实施。原告辩称，这些条款违反了《全国选民登记法》，或被该法优先适用，同时也违反了亚利桑那州国务卿与马里科帕县选举官员2018年达成的同意令。
联邦地区法院援引该同意令，裁定选举官员不得拒绝缺少公民身份证明的州选民登记表格，并裁定根据《全国选民登记法》，亚利桑那州不得在联邦选举前90天内系统性取消选民登记资格。
美国第九巡回上诉法院审查了地区法院此前的禁令，并于去年维持了禁止执行亚利桑那州选民登记法的裁决。第九巡回上诉法院的一个意见分歧的法官小组一致认为，针对通过州表格登记参加联邦选举的潜在选民的公民身份证明要求违反了《全国选民登记法》，并表示县选举官员拒绝未提供公民身份证明的州表格申请人的要求违反了2018年的同意令。
该法院还裁定，该法律禁止县选举官员在联邦选举前90天内系统性取消他们“有理由相信”不属于公民的选民的登记资格。
最高法院曾在2024年选举前审议过亚利桑那州的选民登记法律，当时亚利桑那州共和党人和共和党全国委员会向最高法院寻求紧急救济。最高法院允许该州强制执行州表格的公民身份证明要求，但拒绝允许强制执行要求提供公民身份证明才能投票选举总统或进行邮寄投票的规定。
在诉讼持续期间，亚利桑那州一直在强制执行州表格登记投票的公民身份规则。
在另一起涉及弗吉尼亚州选民清除计划的案件中，最高法院于2024年10月允许该州推进从选民登记名单中移除约1600名被指为非公民的人员。弗吉尼亚州启动该计划，旨在恰好在2024年联邦选举前90天清理全州选民登记名单。
亚利桑那州的共和党人今年早些时候再次向最高法院提起上诉，涉及该州三项不同的投票要求相关案件。特朗普政府曾敦促最高法院受理共和党全国委员会的其中一项上诉，该上诉涉及州表格的公民身份证明要求以及清除选民登记名单的计划。
Supreme Court takes up dispute over Arizona voting restrictions
June 29, 2026 / 11:20 AM EDT / CBS News
Washington — The Supreme Court on Monday agreed to decide whether federal law bars Arizona from imposing tightened voting rules, including a measure that requires documentary proof of citizenship to register to vote on a state form.
The case sets up a high-stakes dispute over the state’s efforts to tighten its voting requirements. It is a crime for non-U.S. citizens to vote in federal and state elections, but some states have sought to implement new restrictions aimed at ensuring noncitizens are not on their voter rolls amid claims of election fraud by President Trump.
The Supreme Court will hear arguments in its next term, which begins in October.
The dispute before the Supreme Court involves two Arizona laws that were adopted by the state legislature in 2022. The first requires prospective voters who are registering to vote on a state form to provide proof of citizenship, and the second involves procedures for state election officials to review voter rolls and cancel the voter registrations of noncitizens.
Prospective voters can also register using a federal form, which does not require proof of citizenship. In Arizona, applicants completing the federal form that do not provide citizenship proof may be registered as voting in only federal elections, but are not eligible to vote for president or by mail. There were more than 19,000 Arizonans who had not supplied proof of citizenship and were registered as “federal-only” voters as of July 2023, according to court records.
After the measures were approved by the Arizona legislature, the Democratic National Committee, the Arizona Democratic Party and nonprofit organizations filed lawsuits seeking to block their enforcement. The plaintiffs argued that the provisions violated or were preempted by the National Voting Registration Act, as well as a 2018 consent decree between Arizona’s secretary of state and the Maricopa County recorder.
A federal district court said election officials could not reject state voter registration forms that lacked proof of citizenship, citing the consent decree, and ruled that under the NVRA, Arizona could not systematically cancel voter registrations within 90 days of a federal election.
The U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit considered the district court’s earlier injunction and last year, it went on to uphold that order barring enforcement of Arizona’s voter-registration laws. A divided panel of judges on the 9th Circuit agreed that the proof-of-citizenship requirement for prospective voters registering for federal elections on the state form violates the NVRA, and said the requirement for county recorders to reject state-form applicants without citizenship proof violates the 2018 consent decree.
The court also held that the law bars county recorders from systematically cancelling the registrations of voters who they have “reason to believe” are not citizens within 90 days of a federal election.
The Supreme Court considered Arizona’s voter-registration laws ahead of the 2024 election, when Arizona Republicans and the Republican National Committee turned to the high court for emergency relief. The high court allowed the state to enforce the proof-of-citizenship requirement for the state form but declined to allow enforcement of its rules requiring proof of citizenship to vote for president or by mail.
Arizona has continued to enforce the citizenship rule for registering to vote on the state form while litigation has continued.
In a separate case involving Virginia’s voter-removal program, the Supreme Court in October 2024 allowed the state to move forward with its removal of roughly 1,600 alleged noncitizens from its voter rolls. Virginia had launched its program designed to clean up its statewide voter registration lists exactly 90 days before the 2024 federal elections.
Republicans in Arizona returned to the Supreme Court earlier this year when they appealed decisions in three different cases involving the state’s voting requirements. The Trump administration urged the high court to take up just one of the appeals, from the Republican National Committee, which involves the proof-of-citizenship requirement for the state form and the program to purge its voter rolls.
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