2026-06-24T12:57:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
开罗电 — 埃及考古学家表示，他们在一处距今2300多年的希腊罗马时期墓地中出土了人类遗骸及大量文物，揭示了600多年间丧葬习俗的演变，同时也彰显了该遗址本身的重要价值。
此次在埃及北部布海拉省尼罗河三角洲地中海沿岸附近的泰尔·科姆·阿齐扎遗址发现的墓葬，年代约为公元前332年至公元395年。遗址中出土的遗骸与文物展现出迥异的丧葬习俗，同时也表明该遗址在长期使用过程中，从定居点逐渐演变为墓地。
“这是一项极为重要的发现，因为它为我们了解该遗址提供了更多细节，”埃及旅游与 Antiquities 部长的媒体顾问内夫琳·埃尔·阿雷夫在接受哥伦比亚广播公司新闻采访时表示，“它是一个独特的实例，展示了一个定居中心如何转变为横跨不同古代时期的大型墓葬区。”
埃及在尼罗河三角洲的泰尔·科姆·阿齐扎墓葬遗址发现的墓葬形式多样，从简易土坑墓到泥砖砌筑墓穴再到彩绘石膏棺椁墓一应俱全。埃及旅游与 Antiquities 部 供图
考古发掘显示，这里的丧葬习俗各不相同：既有将遗体直接置于地下的简易土坑墓，也有泥砖砌筑的墓穴，还有使用彩绘石膏棺椁的墓葬。
埃及最高文物委员会秘书长希沙姆·埃尔·莱思博士表示，遗址中既有单人墓葬也有集体墓葬，墓葬的朝向既有南北向也有东西向。
下葬者的手部摆放姿势也存在差异。埃尔·莱思指出，部分逝者的双手折叠或交叉放在骨盆区域，另有一些逝者采用“奥西里斯式姿势”，双臂交叉放在胸前，或是双臂伸直贴在大腿两侧。
在埃及尼罗河三角洲泰尔·科姆·阿齐扎遗址出土的人类遗骸显示出多样的丧葬习俗。埃及旅游与 Antiquities 部 供图
“这种多样性可以从多个角度解读：它可能反映了下葬者之间的社会阶层差异、仪式习俗的变化，或是同一丧葬传统内部的有限发展，”考古队队长哈立德·阿卜杜勒·加尼·法拉赫在接受哥伦比亚广播公司新闻采访时说道。
此次重大发现中还包括两具完整的野猪骸骨，这在古埃及丧葬遗址中实属罕见。在当时，野猪与古埃及神话中象征混乱与暴力的神祇赛特（或塞特）相关联。
泰尔·科姆·阿齐扎墓葬遗址的出土文物中包含两具野猪骸骨。在古埃及文化中，野猪代表赛特（或塞特），这位神祇与混乱和暴力有关。埃及旅游与 Antiquities 部 供图
“尽管目前尚无法确定这些骸骨是否属于有意为之的动物丧葬仪式、 domestic 和经济活动的遗留物，或是具有仪式意义的元素，但它们在该遗址中的出现，需要我们将直接的考古证据与古埃及文化和宗教中野猪的象征意义联系起来，”埃及古物部门主管穆罕默德·阿卜杜勒·巴迪在接受哥伦比亚广播公司新闻采访时表示。
遗址中还出土了可追溯至埃及古王国时期（即大金字塔建造时期，约公元前2686年至公元前2181年）直至约2000年后的希腊罗马时期的陶器碎片。
出土的陶器碎片年代跨度从约公元前2686年至公元前2181年的埃及古王国时期，直至约2000年后的希腊罗马时期。埃及旅游与 Antiquities 部 供图
这些以家居用品为主的出土文物包括双耳瓶、葬具罐、面包模具和面包托盘，表明该遗址在数百年乃至数千年的时间里持续或反复被使用。
“该遗址的发掘工作仍在继续，以期揭开更多秘密，了解该地点的历史及其随时间的演变，将所有考古线索拼凑起来，解读该区域人类活动的模式，”旅游与 Antiquities 部的埃尔·阿雷夫在接受采访时说道。
Remarkable photos show ancient human burials uncovered in Egypt, with clues to centuries of changing tradition
2026-06-24T12:57:00-0400 / CBS News
Cairo — Egyptian archaeologists say they’ve uncovered remains and a myriad of artifacts in part of a Greco-Roman cemetery that dates back more than 2,300 years, revealing the evolution of funerary practices over some six centuries and showing the importance of the site itself.
Burials discovered at the Tell Kom Aziza site, in the Nile Delta in Egypt’s northern Beheira province, near the Mediterranean coast, date from about 332 B.C. to 395 A.D. Remains and artifacts found at the site show widely varying burial practices and they point to the site itself morphing over its long period of use from a settlement into a cemetery.
“This is a very important discovery because it sheds light on and reveals more details about the site,” Nevine El-Aref, media adviser to the Minister of Tourism and Antiquities, told CBS News. “It is a unique example that shows the transformation of a settlement hub into a major burial ground spanning different ancient eras.”
Burials discovered at the Tell Kom Aziza burial site in Egypt’s Nile Delta range from simple pits to graves lined with mudbricks to painted plaster coffins. Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities
Excavations revealed burial practices ranging from simple pit burials, with bodies placed directly in the ground, to graves lined with mudbricks and burials in painted plaster coffins.
There were also individual and collective burials, according to Dr. Hisham El-Leithy, Secretary General of the Supreme Council of Antiquities, and burials oriented along both north–south and east–west axes.
The hand positions of those interred also differed. Some individuals were buried with their hands folded or crossed over the pelvic region, while others were put in the “Osirian pose,” with their arms crossed over the chest, or with their arms extended and aligned alongside the thighs, El-Leithy said.
Human remains discovered at the Tell Kom Aziza site in Egypt’s Nile Delta show widely varying burial practices. Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities
“This diversity can be interpreted in several ways: It may reflect social differences among the individuals buried, variations in ritual practices, or a limited development within the same funerary tradition,” Khaled Abdel Ghany Farhat, the head of the team, told CBS News.
Among the significant discoveries were the complete skeletal remains of two wild boars, a rare find at ancient Egyptian funerary sites. Boars were representative at the time with Seth (or Set), a deity associated with chaos and violence in ancient Egyptian mythology.
Among the discoveries at the Tell Kom Aziza burial site were the skeletal remains of two wild boars. Boars were representative of Seth (or Set), a deity associated with chaos and violence. Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities
“Even though it’s not possible yet to determine with certainty whether these remains represent intentional animal burials, remnants of domestic and economic activity, or an element with ritual significance, their presence within this context requires linking the direct archaeological evidence with the cultural and religious significance of the boar in ancient Egypt,” Mohamed Abdel Badi, Head of the Egyptian Antiquities Sector, told CBS News.
Pottery fragments dating from the Egyptian Old Kingdom — the time of the great pyramids’ construction, between around 2686 and 2181 B.C. — to the Greco-Roman period that followed some 2,000 years later, were also discovered at the site.
Pottery fragments and fragments dating from the Egyptian Old Kingdom, between around 2686 and 2181 B.C., and the Greco-Roman period that followed some 2,000 years later. Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities
The largely domestic items, including amphorae, burial jars, bread molds and bread trays, indicate continued or repeated use of the site over not just centuries, but millenia.
“Excavation work at the site is still ongoing in order to uncover more secrets, understand the history of the location and its development over time, and put all the puzzle pieces together to decipher patterns of human activity in the area,” El-Aref, at the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, told CBS News.
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