2026-06-23T08:00:25.300Z / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
- 一名4月在伊朗上空被击落的美军战斗机飞行员称，他目睹伊朗无人机以类似水母的编队协同移动。
- 该飞行员的陈述在美国情报官员中引发了关于伊朗是否已开发出先进无人机协同作战能力的争论。
- 这起事件发生在美国与伊朗就结束伊朗战事进行谈判之际。
本文由AI生成摘要，并经CNN编辑审核。
据四位知情人士透露，今年4月在伊朗上空被击落、随后被特种部队营救的美军F-15战斗机飞行员，在弹射逃生前目睹了令人震惊的一幕：多架伊朗无人机在空中悬停并协同移动，组成类似水母的编队。
这一此前未被报道的陈述，是该F-15飞行员在事件发生后接受情报人员讯问时提供的。该陈述立刻在美国情报界引发了一场尚未平息的激烈争论。
如果这名飞行员确实看到了这种协同一致的编队，这将意味着伊朗无人机能力取得了令人担忧的进步。
“多架无人机相互连接，作为一个整体移动，小型无人机在大型无人机下方，如同触须一般，”一位熟悉该飞行员目击陈述的消息人士告诉CNN，“简直像外星科技。”
另一位消息人士告诉CNN，该飞行员将其描述为空中的“无人机雷区”。
据两位消息人士透露，虽然F-15被击落的确切原因仍在调查中，但初步报告显示，这种无人机编队可能在某种程度上帮助伊朗击落了这架美军战机。
这架F-15战机搭载两名机组人员：一名飞行员和一名武器系统军官。正如CNN此前报道的那样，美军随即启动了搜救行动。
F-15战斗机被击落是此次冲突期间美军战机首次在伊朗上空被击落。
该飞行员在弹射逃生数小时后获救，而武器系统军官则在伊朗山区躲避抓捕超过一天，随后也被救出。目前尚不清楚武器系统军官是否也目睹了该无人机编队。
在搜救行动期间，另一架A-10战机被击落，但该飞行员在伊朗领空外成功弹射逃生。
美国情报官员对如何解读F-15飞行员的描述，以及该飞行员能否清晰复述事件经过存在分歧。
一方面，他在坠机中受到了脑震荡。据两位消息人士透露，这是他在此次伊朗战争中第二次被击落跳伞：他还曾在冲突早期被科威特友军的火力击落过。
他究竟是亲眼目睹了美国情报机构未曾察觉的成熟战力？还是一场测试？抑或是沙漠中的海市蜃楼？
另一位消息人士称，负责讯问的情报人员曾大致问道：“你确定你看到了你所说的那些东西吗？”
美国空军将查询请求转交给了美国中央司令部，该司令部未直接回应CNN的置评请求。国家情报总监办公室也未回复置评请求。
有关伊朗无人机项目的疑问，正值美国与伊朗就结束伊朗战事进行谈判之际。双方于上周启动了为期60天的停火谈判窗口，谈判预计将聚焦伊朗核计划，但双方也提出了广泛的其他议题。
据两位知情人士透露，虽然美国情报机构此前并未评估伊朗拥有飞行员所描述的这种特定无人机能力，但有一系列报告显示，伊朗一直在从中国和俄罗斯获取无人机技术开发援助。
消息人士称，飞行员描述的这种能力的专业术语是“一对多网状组网”。
一般而言，网状组网允许操作人员同时指挥多架无人机。
俄罗斯和中国等其他国家被认为具备这种能力。伊朗已经十分先进的无人机作战计划若再有进展，将令美国及其在该地区的盟友感到担忧。
一位美国官员指出，从理论上讲，网状组网技术也可用于在缺乏现有基础设施的偏远地区提供互联网连接，这是一种良性用途。
在针对美国、以色列及周边海湾国家的数周冲突中，伊朗将攻击无人机作为不对称武器大量使用。
“我们将投入巨额资金，如同耗费大量鲜血和财富一样，来防范这种能够协同作战的威胁，”创立了Cachai公司的无人机作战与国防现代化专家艾玛·贝茨告诉CNN，她所指的就是无人机网状组网能力带来的威胁。
“如果它能够自行组成可识别的队形并保持该队形，且搭载炸药，还能保留后备力量以攻击首轮齐射未能摧毁的目标——那就是一种极具威慑力的作战方式，”贝茨说道。
Exclusive: Downed US pilot reported seeing Iranian drones swarm in ‘jellyfish’ formation
2026-06-23T08:00:25.300Z / CNN
- A US fighter pilot downed over Iran in April reported seeing Iranian drones moving together in a jellyfish-like formation.
- The pilot’s account sparked debate among intelligence officials about whether Iran has developed advanced drone coordination capabilities.
- The incident comes as the US and Tehran negotiate a deal to end the Iran war.
AI-generated summary was reviewed by a CNN editor.
A US fighter jet pilot rescued by special forces after being shot down over Iran in April described a shocking sight before ejecting from his aircraft: multiple Iranian drones hovering in the air, moving as one, in a formation that resembled a jellyfish, according to four sources familiar with the matter.
The account, which has not been previously reported, was shared by the F-15 pilot with intelligence officials during a debriefing after the incident. It immediately set off a firestorm of debate within the US intelligence community that has yet to be resolved.
If the airman really saw what he described — a formation moving in unison — it would be an alarming advance in Iranian drone capabilities.
“Multiple drones interconnected and moving as one with smaller drones below the bigger drones like legs,” one of the sources familiar with the pilot’s witness account told CNN. “Real alien sh*t.”
Another source told CNN the pilot described witnessing a “minefield of drones” in the air.
While the exact cause of the F-15 downing is still being investigated, initial reports indicated that it was possible the drone formation had in some way enabled Iran to shoot down the American jet, according to two of the sources.
The F-15 carried a crew of two — a pilot and a weapons system officer. US forces immediately launched search and rescue efforts, CNN previously reported.
The downing of the F-15 fighter jet marked the first time a US aircraft has been shot down over Iran during the conflict.
The pilot was rescued hours after ejecting from the aircraft, while the weapons systems officer evaded Iranian capture in the mountains for more than a day before also being rescued. It is not clear if the weapons systems officer also saw the drone formation.
A second aircraft, an A-10, was downed during the rescue effort but that pilot managed to eject safely outside of Iranian airspace.
US intelligence officials disagreed on how to interpret what the F-15 pilot described, and whether the pilot could recount the incident clearly.
For one thing, he was concussed in the crash. It was his second time being shot out of the sky during the Iran war: he had also been among the pilots downed in a friendly fire incident by Kuwaiti forces early in the conflict, according to two of the sources.
Had he witnessed a mature capability that US intelligence wasn’t aware of? A beta test? A mirage in the desert?
The intelligence officials conducting the debrief said something to the effect of: “Are you sure you saw what you are saying you saw?” another one of the sources said.
The US Air Force directed queries to US Central Command, which did not directly address questions from CNN. The Office of the Director of National Intelligence did not reply to a request for comment.
The questions about Iran’s drone program come as the US and Tehran negotiate a deal that would end the Iran war, having begun a 60-day window for talks as part of a ceasefire last week. Those talks are expected to focus on Iran’s nuclear program, though a wide range of issues have been raised by both parties.
While the specific drone capability described by the pilot was not something that US intelligence agencies had previously assessed Iran possessed, there is a trail of reports indicating that Iran had been receiving assistance in developing its drone technology from China and Russia, according to two sources familiar with the matter.
The technical term for the capability described by the pilot is “one-to-many meshed networking,” according to the sources.
In general, meshed networking allows an operator to command several drones at a time.
Other countries — Russia and China — are believed to have the capability. Any development in Iran’s already-sophisticated drone warfare program would be a concern for US forces and its allies in the region.
Meshed networking could also theoretically be used to provide internet connectivity in remote areas without existing infrastructure, noted one US official — in theory, a benign function.
Iran aggressively employed its attack drones as an asymmetric weapon during the weeks-long conflict against US and Israeli forces as well as nearby Gulf countries.
“We will spend huge, huge dollars, like a lot of blood and treasure, protecting ourselves from something that can coordinate like that,” Emma Bates, a drone warfare and defense modernization expert who founded the company Cachai, told CNN, referring to the threat posed by meshed networking capabilities for drones.
“If it can coordinate itself into a recognizable shape and maintain that shape, and if it’s got explosives on board, and if it is holding resources in reserve to attack whatever the first volley didn’t destroy – that’s a very capable approach,” Bates said.
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