2026年5月26日 / 美国东部时间下午1:11 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
华盛顿讯 美国最高法院周二驳回了佛罗里达州提起诉讼的请求，该诉讼指控加利福尼亚州和华盛顿州向非法滞留美国且不精通英语的卡车司机发放商业驾照。
佛罗里达州此举缘于2025年8月该州一条高速公路上发生的致命车祸：一名从墨西哥越境进入美国的印度籍卡车司机哈尔金德·辛格试图非法掉头，最终引发事故。州和联邦调查显示，辛格很可能无法看懂道路标识。他目前面临刑事指控，且已提出无罪抗辩。
美国国土安全部和佛罗里达州官员表示，辛格所持的商业驾照是从加利福尼亚州和华盛顿州获取的。
在此次希望渺茫的最高法院介入申请中，佛罗里达州总检察长詹姆斯·尤特迈尔称，加利福尼亚州和华盛顿州允许非法滞留美国的人员“未经适当培训、也不具备阅读道路标识能力”就驾驶商业机动车，此举无视联邦安全标准和移民法。
他请求高等法院禁止这两个州向非美国公民或合法永久居民，以及不符合联邦安全要求的个人发放商业驾照。
“加利福尼亚州和华盛顿州的决定危及本州民众，这令人愤慨。但商业司机经常跨州行驶，这会威胁到其他州的民众安全，”作为共和党人的尤特迈尔写道，并补充称这些决定会在其他州引发“混乱”。
但两个州的官员均驳斥了佛罗里达州的说法。加利福尼亚州总检察长罗布·邦塔在提交给最高法院的文件中表示，该州机动车辆管理局按照州法律要求，通过名为SAVE的联邦数据库核实申请人的合法居留身份，并进行英语能力测试。
针对辛格一案，加利福尼亚州官员称，该州机动车辆管理局是在遵守联邦和州法规的前提下，才向他发放了非定居商业驾照。他们表示，辛格于2024年7月申请该驾照，并提供了通过联邦数据库验证的就业许可文件。
“拟议诉讼中的指控明显站不住脚，因为佛罗里达州承认自己甚至都不清楚加利福尼亚州的商业驾照项目是如何运作的，”邦塔说，“它的主张基于对加州法律和实操的错误假设：机动车辆管理局在发放商业驾照前，必须核实申请人的合法居留身份，并进行英语能力测试。”
与此同时，华盛顿州官员称佛罗里达州拟提起的诉讼是一场“政治闹剧”，并指出尤特迈尔是在福克斯新闻频道宣布提起该诉讼的。他们称，佛罗里达州在没有证据证明司机会说英语或符合居住要求的情况下，违规为“数千名”商业司机发放了驾照。
华盛顿州官员写道，该州法律要求商业驾照申请人通过符合联邦标准的笔试和技能测试，并要求申请人必须在华盛顿州居住，或具备其他联邦认定的资质。
“这场争议无关边界或水源，而是关乎州政策是否明智，”他们写道，“即便暂且不谈这一点，佛罗里达州的主张也毫无法律依据。”
他们还表示，在2025年佛罗里达州的那场车祸发生时，辛格并未持有华盛顿州颁发的有效商业驾照。
大法官克拉伦斯·托马斯和塞缪尔·阿利托表示，他们本会允许佛罗里达州起诉这两个州，并重申了他们的观点：最高法院不能拒绝审理州与州之间的诉讼。
美国交通部已采取行动打击其声称向移民卡车司机发放商业驾照的州，并试图拒绝向那些拒绝撤销其认定为非法发放的驾照的州拨付联邦资金。
特朗普总统于2025年4月签署了一项行政令，强化一项联邦法律，该法律要求商业卡车司机具备熟练的英语读写和会话能力。
Supreme Court rejects Florida’s attempt to sue California and Washington over immigrant truck drivers
May 26, 2026 / 1:11 PM EDT / CBS News
Washington — The Supreme Court on Tuesday rejected Florida’s bid to file a lawsuit against Washington and California for allegedly providing commercial driver’s licenses to truck drivers who are in the U.S. illegally and not proficient in English.
Florida sought to sue the two states following a fatal crash on a state highway in August 2025 that occurred when truck driver Harjinder Singh, an Indian national who crossed into the U.S. from Mexico, attempted to make an illegal U-turn. State and federal investigations showed that Singh likely could not read the road signs. He faces criminal charges and has pleaded not guilty.
The Department of Homeland Security and Florida officials said Singh had obtained commercial driver’s licenses from California and Washington.
In the long-shot bid for intervention by the Supreme Court, Florida Attorney General James Uthmeier claimed California and Washington ignored federal safety standards and immigration law by allowing people in the U.S. illegally to drive commercial motor vehicles “without proper training or the ability to read road signs.”
He asked the high court to block the two states from issuing commercial driver’s licenses to individuals who are not U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents, and who don’t meet federal safety requirements.
“California’s and Washington’s decision to endanger their own citizens is reprehensible. But commercial drivers routinely cross state lines, endangering citizens of other States,” Uthmeier, a Republican, wrote, adding that those decisions lead to “mayhem” in other states.
But officials from each of the two states rejected Florida’s assertions. California Attorney General Rob Bonta told the Supreme Court in a filing that its Department of Motor Vehicles verifies legal presence using a federal database known as SAVE and tests for English proficiency, as required by state law.
As to Singh, California officials said the state’s DMV issued him a non-domiciled commercial driver’s license only after complying with federal and state regulations. They said he applied for the license in July 2024 and provided an employment authorization document, which was verified through the federal database.
“The allegations in the proposed complaint are notably lacking, as Florida admits that it does not even know how California’s commercial driver’s license program works,” Bonta said. “Its claims are based on assumptions about California law and practice that are wrong: DMV requires verification of legal presence and tests for English language proficiency before issuing commercial driver’s licenses.”
Washington officials, meanwhile, called Florida’s proposed lawsuit a “political stunt,” and noted that Uthmeier announced the lawsuit on Fox News. They claimed that Florida has improperly licensed “thousands” of commercial drivers without evidence they speak English or satisfy residency requirements.
Washington officials wrote that state law requires applicants for a commercial driver’s license to pass written knowledge tests and skills tests that meet federal standards, and requires applicants to reside in Washington or be otherwise federally qualified.
“This dispute is not about boundaries or water; it is about the wisdom of state policies,” they wrote. “Even setting that aside, Florida’s claims are meritless.”
They also said that Singh did not have a valid commercial driver’s license from Washington at the time of the 2025 crash in Florida.
Justices Clarence Thomas and Samuel Alito said they would have allowed Florida to sue the two states, reiterating their view that the Supreme Court cannot refuse to hear suits between states.
The U.S. Department of Transportation has taken steps to crack down on states that it says have issued commercial driver’s licenses to immigrant truck drivers and has sought to withhold federal funding to states that refuse to cancel licenses that it says were illegally issued.
President Trump signed an executive order in April 2025 that reinforces a federal law that requires commercial truck drivers to read and speak English proficiently.
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