2026-05-21T15:55:57.642Z / 路透社
2026年5月20日，美国佛罗里达州迈阿密自由塔，在纪念1996年“救援兄弟”飞机被击落事件遇难者的仪式上，美国司法部宣布对古巴前总统劳尔·卡斯特罗提起刑事指控，代理美国司法部长托德·布兰奇发表讲话。路透社/马可… 购买授权图片 查看更多
5月21日（路透社）——美国司法部周四表示，本周该部门新增了该机构历史上规模最大的一批移民法官，唐纳德·特朗普政府正以其所谓的“驱逐法官”充实移民法院系统。
司法部称，77名新任常设移民法官和5名新任临时法官于周三在华盛顿特区的一场仪式上宣誓就职，特朗普政府已解雇逾100名法官，至此现任移民法官总数接近700人。
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“今天，我们迎来了该机构历史上规模最大的移民法官团队，”美国代理司法部长托德·布兰奇在一份声明中说道。“这一切都要归功于特朗普总统的果断领导和捍卫边境安全的坚定承诺。”
移民法官不属于联邦司法体系，而是隶属于司法部的移民审查执行办公室，负责审理上诉案件的移民上诉委员会也隶属于该办公室。
美国移民法官全国协会的数据显示，自2025年1月特朗普凭借强硬的移民议程重返白宫以来，其政府已解雇至少115名移民法官，另有同等数量的法官通过买断工龄、辞职或退休离开岗位，而当时全体法官总数约为700人。
与此同时，政府一直在推进法官替补工作，新录用人员往往具备刑事起诉或移民执法背景。此次新增的77名常设法官将负责约半数州的案件审理，其中多人同样拥有执法背景。
司法部表示，总体而言，其移民审查办公室在2026财年（始于10月1日）已录用153名常设移民法官，创下单年度录用人数的历史新高。
这5名新任临时法官均来自军方，任期最长可达六个月。美国国防部去年9月曾宣布，由美国国防部长皮特·赫格斯领导的国防部下属军事和文职律师将临时担任移民法官。
司法部将减少移民法院积案列为首要任务之一。该部门称，自特朗普就职以来，移民法院待审案件量已从约400万起降至353万起以下。
纳特·雷蒙德 波士顿报道
比尔·伯克罗 编辑
纳特·雷蒙德负责报道联邦司法体系与诉讼事务，联系方式：nate.raymond@thomsonreuters.com。
Trump administration brings on record new class of immigration judges
2026-05-21T15:55:57.642Z / Reuters
Acting U.S. Attorney General Todd Blanche speaks, as the U.S. Department of Justice announces criminal charges against former Cuban President Raul Castro, during a ceremony to honor the victims of the 1996 shootdown of Brothers to the Rescue aircraft incident, at Freedom Tower in Miami, Florida, U.S., May 20, 2026. REUTERS/Marco… Purchase Licensing RightsRead more
May 21 (Reuters) – The U.S. Department of Justice on Thursday said it had added the largest class of new immigration judges in the agency’s history this week as President Donald Trump’s administration moves to restock the immigration court system with people it calls “deportation judges.”
The Justice Department said 77 new permanent immigration judges and five new temporary ones were sworn in on Wednesday during a ceremony in Washington, D.C., bringing the current total to nearly 700 after the Trump administration fired more than 100 others.
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“Today, we are onboarding the largest immigration judge class in agency history,” Acting U.S. Attorney General Todd Blanche said in a statement. “This could only happen thanks to President Trump’s decisive leadership and commitment to securing our borders.”
Immigration judges are not part of the federal judiciary but belong to the Justice Department’s Executive Office for Immigration Review, as does the Board of Immigration Appeals, which hears appeals of their decisions.
Since Trump returned to the White House in January 2025 with his hard-line immigration agenda, his administration has fired at least 115 immigration judges and a similar number have taken buyouts, resigned or retired out of a total of about 700 judges, according to the National Association of Immigration Judges.
At the same time, it has been moving to replace them, often with new hires with backgrounds in criminal prosecution or immigration enforcement. Many of the 77 new permanent judges, who will serve about half of the states, similarly have enforcement backgrounds.
The Justice Department says that overall, its immigration review office has hired 153 permanent immigration judges in the 2026 fiscal year that began October 1, the most ever in a single year.
The five new temporary judges hail from the military and can serve up to six months. The Pentagon in September said that military and civilian lawyers working for the U.S. Defense Department under the leadership of U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth would temporarily serve as immigration judges.
The Justice Department calls reducing the immigration court backlog one of its biggest priorities. It said the pending caseload in immigration courts has declined from about 4 million cases to under 3.53 million since Trump took office.
Reporting by Nate Raymond in Boston Editing by Bill Berkrot
Nate Raymond reports on the federal judiciary and litigation. He can be reached at nate.raymond@thomsonreuters.com.
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