2026-05-18T13:11:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（CBS News）
作者：妮可·布朗·乔
妮可·布朗·乔是CBSNews.com的副主编，负责撰写和编辑国内新闻、健康报道、科普文章等。
更新时间：2026年5月18日 / 美国东部时间下午2:56 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（CBS News）
全球卫生官员对刚果民主共和国和乌干达暴发的埃博拉疫情格外担忧，原因之一是此次检测出的病毒是一种较为罕见的毒株。
截至世界卫生组织宣布本次疫情构成国际关注的突发公共卫生事件的周日，已有超过250例疑似病例和80例疑似死亡病例。世卫组织表示，由于“感染者真实人数和地理扩散范围存在极大不确定性”，这一数字预计还会上升。
一名在刚果援助组织工作的美国医生检测结果呈阳性，另有数名人员被认为已暴露于病毒环境中。
卫生官员已确认，此次疫情的致病病毒是本迪布焦病毒。这仅是该病毒第三次已知暴发，目前没有针对它的疫苗或治疗方法。
埃博拉疫苗针对扎伊尔毒株
埃博拉病由埃博拉病毒属正种病毒引起，目前已知存在多个物种。
据世卫组织介绍，其中三种病毒曾引发大规模埃博拉疫情：最常见的埃博拉（或称扎伊尔）病毒、苏丹病毒，以及本次疫情中检出的本迪布焦病毒。
目前唯一获批的疫苗和治疗手段均针对扎伊尔毒株。由于每种病毒物种的遗传物质各不相同，因此需要针对性的疫苗。
哥伦比亚广播公司新闻医学通讯员、曾参与过往埃博拉疫情应对工作的传染病专家塞琳·贡德博士表示，目前有其他一些疫苗处于研发阶段，但尚无针对本迪布焦病毒的疫苗接近投入使用。
此前两起本迪布焦病毒疫情
在本次疫情之前，已知有两起由本迪布焦病毒引发的暴发事件，规模均小于当前疫情。
2007年，本迪布焦毒株首次在乌干达本迪布焦区被发现。据美联社报道，此次疫情共有149例病例，37人死亡。
第二起已知暴发于2012年的刚果，据美联社报道，当时报告57例病例，29人死亡。
贡德博士指出，由于该病毒暴发次数较少，相关行为数据远少于自1976年以来已引发数十起疫情的扎伊尔病毒。
埃博拉病症状
本迪布焦病毒病即由本迪布焦病毒引发的埃博拉病，病情严重且常导致死亡。病毒可通过直接接触病患或因该病死亡者的体液在人际间传播。
世卫组织称，早期症状常被误认为其他疾病，包括：
- 发热
- 乏力
- 肌肉疼痛
- 头痛
- 咽喉痛
这些症状可能会进一步发展为其他症状，包括：
- 呕吐
- 腹泻
- 腹痛
- 皮疹
- 器官功能障碍
- 内出血或外出血（较为少见）
世卫组织表示，基于前两起疫情的数据，本迪布焦病毒病的病死率约为30%至50%。尽管仍属高致命性，但这一比例低于致死率最高可达90%的扎伊尔毒株。
“早期强化支持治疗，包括补液和针对性症状治疗，可提高存活率，”世卫组织称，“尽早就医可挽救生命。”
编辑：斯蒂芬·史密斯
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/concerns-about-ebola-strain-with-no-known-vaccine-or-treatment/
Ebola strain in Congo, Uganda has no vaccine, no treatment for often deadly symptoms
2026-05-18T13:11:00-0400 / CBS News
By Nicole Brown Chau
Nicole Brown Chau is a deputy managing editor for CBSNews.com. She writes and edits national news, health stories, explainers and more.
Updated on: May 18, 2026 / 2:56 PM EDT / CBS News
The Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda is of particular concern to global health officials in part because the virus detected is a less common strain.
As of Sunday, when the World Health Organization declared a public health emergency, there were more than 250 suspected cases and 80 suspected deaths. These numbers are expected to rise, as there are “significant uncertainties to the true number of infected persons and geographic spread,” the WHO said.
One American doctor working with an aid group in Congo has tested positive, and several others are believed to have been exposed.
The virus behind this outbreak is the Bundibugyo virus, health officials have confirmed. This is only the third known outbreak of this virus, and there are no vaccines or treatments.
Ebola vaccine targets Zaire strain
Ebola disease is caused by orthoebolaviruses, of which there are multiple species.
Three of the viruses have been known to cause large Ebola disease outbreaks, according to the WHO. They are Ebola (or Zaire) virus, which has been the most common; Sudan virus; and Bundibugyo virus, the one identified in this outbreak.
The only approved vaccine and treatments are for the Zaire strain. Because each virus species has different genetic material, they need different vaccines.
There are some other vaccines in development, but nothing that targets Bundibugyo virus is close to being ready for use, said Dr. Céline Gounder, a CBS News medical correspondent and infectious diseases specialist who deployed in the response to a past Ebola outbreak.
2 previous Bundibugyo outbreaks
Before this outbreak, there were two known outbreaks caused by the Bundibugyo virus, and both were smaller than the current one.
The first discovery of the Bundibugyo strain occurred in the Bundibugyo District in Uganda in 2007. There were 149 cases and 37 deaths in that outbreak, The Associated Press reported.
The second known outbreak was in Congo in 2012, with 57 cases and 29 deaths reported, according to the AP.
Because there have been fewer outbreaks of this virus, there is far less data about how it behaves than for the Zaire virus, which has been around since 1976 and caused dozens of outbreaks, Gounder said.
Symptoms of Ebola disease
Bundibugyo virus disease, the type of Ebola disease caused by the Bundibugyo virus, is severe and often fatal. The virus spreads from person to person through direct contact with bodily fluids of someone who is sick or has died from the disease.
The early symptoms can often be mistaken for other illnesses, the WHO says. They include:
- fever
- fatigue
- muscle pain
- headache
- sore throat
Those can progress to other symptoms, including:
- vomiting
- diarrhea
- abdominal pain
- rash
- organ dysfunction
- internal or external bleeding (less frequent)
The fatality rate of Bundibugyo virus disease, based on the past two outbreaks, is about 30 to 50%, the WHO says. While still highly deadly, this is lower than the fatality rate of the Zaire strain, which can be up to 90%.
“Early intensive supportive care including rehydration and treatment of specific symptoms, can improve survival,” the WHO says. “Seeking early care can be lifesaving.”
Edited by Stephen Smith
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/concerns-about-ebola-strain-with-no-known-vaccine-or-treatment/
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