2026-05-15T18:22:53.113Z / 路透社
作者：大卫·谢泼德森
2026年5月15日 美国东部时间下午6:22 更新于57分钟前
2025年11月7日摄于美国纽约市皇后区拉瓜迪亚机场空中交通管制塔台。路透社/瑞安·墨菲 购买授权许可
华盛顿5月15日电（路透社）——美国联邦航空局周五表示，将大幅下调空中交通管制人员编制目标，同时承诺改革排班制度，增加员工管控空中交通的时长。
联邦航空局称，新的管制人员编制目标为12563人，低于此前的14633人。美国国家科学院去年发布的一份报告指出，空中交通管制员的加班费自2013年以来已飙升逾300%，至逾2亿美元，原因是劳动力分配不当以及排班效率低下。
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该报告称，尽管空中交通流量增长了4%，但管制员用于管控空中交通的在岗时间却有所减少。报告补充称，可将每班在岗时长从约4小时提升至5小时以上。
联邦航空局表示，“采用现代化的人员编制模式和排班工具，将提高管制人员的编制效率，减少过度加班的需求。”
联邦航空局称，截至4月，全美300多个联邦航空局空中交通设施中共有约11000名持证管制员，另有4000名管制员处于培训阶段，其中包括1000名此前已取得全职资质、目前正在新的空中交通管制设施接受培训的人员。
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联邦航空局表示，将“改革排班和劳动力管理系统以提升效率”。
2024年，联邦航空局空中交通管制 workforce 累计加班时长达到220万小时，加班费支出达2亿美元。每名管制员的年度加班费较2013年上涨308%，年均加班时长从彼时的水平增至目前的平均167小时，增幅达126小时。
报告称，2013年至2023年间，联邦航空局仅按照编制模型需求招聘了三分之二的空中交通管制员，人员编制减少了13%。报告还补充称，该机构未能启用2012年收购的一套功能完善的排班软件，这可能加剧了当前的问题。
多地管制员通常需要每周工作六天，并被迫加班。联邦航空局局长布莱恩·贝德福德去年12月表示，在上一次政府停摆期间，有400至500名培训学员退出了培训项目。
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FAA cuts target for air traffic control staffing
2026-05-15T18:22:53.113Z / Reuters
By David Shepardson
May 15, 2026 6:22 PM UTC Updated 57 mins ago
The air traffic control tower at New York’s Laguardia Airport in the Queens borough of New York City, U.S., November 7, 2025. REUTERS/Ryan Murphy Purchase Licensing Rights
WASHINGTON, May 15 (Reuters) – The Federal Aviation Administration said Friday it was sharply reducing its target for air traffic control staffing as it vowed to modernize scheduling and increase the time employees spend managing traffic.
The FAA said its new target is 12,563 certified controllers, down from 14,633. A National Academies of Sciences report last year said overtime costs for air traffic controllers, have jumped by more than 300% since 2013 to over $200 million, citing a misallocated workforce and inefficient scheduling.
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The report said the time controllers spend on position managing air traffic has declined despite a 4% increase in traffic. It added it could increase time on position from around four hours per shift to more than five hours.
The FAA said “deploying modern staffing models and scheduling tools will improve controller staffing efficiency and reduce the need for excessive overtime.”
The FAA said as of April, approximately 11,000 certified controllers are deployed across more than 300 FAA air traffic facilities, with an additional 4,000 controllers in the training pipeline, including 1,000 who were previously a fully certified controller but are now training at new air traffic control facilities.
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The FAA said it “will modernize scheduling and workforce management systems to improve efficiency.”
The FAA air traffic control workforce in 2024 logged 2.2 million hours of overtime costing $200 million. Annual overtime is up 308% per air traffic controller, or 126 hours per year since 2013, to 167 hours on average.
From 2013 to 2023, the FAA hired only two-thirds of the air traffic controllers called for by its staffing models as staffing fell by 13%, the report said, adding the agency has also been unable to implement a robust shift scheduling software package it acquired in 2012 that may be making the issue worse, the report said.
Controllers in many locations must often work six-day work weeks and mandatory overtime. FAA Administrator Bryan Bedford said in December the FAA lost 400-500 trainees that withdrew from training during a government shutdown last year.
Reporting by David Shepardson; Editing by Chizu Nomiyama
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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